The characteristics of Hanzhong’s geographical environment, history and culture, and customs
1. The geographical environment is complex and diverse
Hanzhong City is located in the upper reaches of the Han River, in the middle of the Hanzhong Basin, with east longitude 106°51'-107°10' and north latitude 33°2'-33° between 22'.
The terrain features are lower in the south and higher in the north. There are three types of landforms in the city: flat dam, hills and mountains. Flat dam is the first and second steps of the Han River alluvial plain, with an altitude of 500-600 meters. The terrain is flat. The soil is fertile, accounting for 34.62% of the city's area; hills are wide valleys and shallow hills formed by piedmont alluvial fans, accounting for approximately 28.1% of the city's area; mountainous areas are shallow mountains and mid-mountain areas formed on the southern slopes of the Qinling Mountains, with complex terrain, accounting for approximately 28.1% of the city's total area. Area of 37.2.
The rivers in this area all belong to the Yangtze River Basin, with the Han River running from east to west, the Jialing River running from north to south, and some rivers in the source area of the upper reaches of the Qujiang River on the southern slope of Micang Mountain. At the same time, rivers are densely covered, and the average river length per square kilometer is 1.4-2 kilometers.
The geographical distribution of temperature in Hanzhong is greatly affected by terrain. The west is slightly lower than the east, and the north and south mountainous areas are lower than flat dams and hills. The average annual temperature in the Pingba area below 600 meters above sea level is 14.2-14.6°C; in general, the average annual temperature in areas above 1,000 meters above sea level is lower than 12°C; and in the West Jialing River Valley, the annual average temperature is higher than 13°C.
2. History and culture have a long history
During the pre-Qin period, the Hanzhong area was partially involved in legends and historical materials, but due to its long history, it could not be verified.
During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Hanzhong County stretched for thousands of miles from Mianyang Yangpingguan in the west to Yunguan and Jingshan in the east. During the Qin Dynasty, Hanzhong County was established, which governed Nanzheng, near today's Nanzheng County, Hanzhong City. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, various political forces competed for the land of China, and Liu Bang kept a low profile during the Hanzhong period. Liu Bang finally achieved military victory. Because his original territory was in Hanzhong, he was called the King of Han. Therefore, after moving the capital to Chang'an and establishing a central unified feudal dynasty, the country was called the "Han Dynasty"
During the Three Kingdoms period, soon after Liu Bei entered Shu It became an area fiercely contested by Cao Cao and Liu Bei. Later, Liu Bei won the victory and was called the "King of Hanzhong". The Shu Han Dynasty obtained this place. Today, there are still a large number of historical sites from the Three Kingdoms, such as the Tomb of Marquis Wu (Zhuge Liang Cemetery), the Wuhou Temple in Mian County, Ma Chao Temple, Dingjun Mountain, and Hutou Bridge (Wei Yan). place of beheading) etc.
In the early Tang Dynasty, Hanchuan County was renamed Liangzhou. In Kaiyuan Dynasty, it was renamed Baozhou due to the close proximity of Liang and Liangsheng. Soon he changed back to Liangzhou. In the early years of Tianbao, it was changed to Hanzhong County. Tang Dezong fled the rebellion in Hanzhong in March of the sixth year of Xingyuan (874). In June, after the rebellion was suppressed, he returned to Chang'an. He changed Hanzhong to Xingyuan Prefecture under his reign name and governed five counties.
In the third year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, it was changed to Hanzhong Prefecture. In the spring of 1863, Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Fu Wang Chen Decai, Zun Wang Lai Wenguang, Rui Wang Lan Chengchun, Qi Wang Liang Chengfu and others led their troops to the west and fought with the Qing army. In August of the same year, they captured Hanzhong and killed Zhou Fanshou, the magistrate of Nanzheng County. Later, they were suppressed by the Qing army. .
During the National Government, Hanzhong became a key transportation hub for transportation to Sichuan. After the tension between China and Japan, it became a transfer station for strategic materials. It played an important role in the transfer of materials, manpower, and cultural relics from the Palace Museum to Shuzhong before the war. effect.
3. Rich local customs and customs
The main population of Hanzhong City is Han, with the rest including Hui, Miao, Qiang, Mongolian, Zhuang, Tujia, Korean, and Bai. Yi, Dong, Tibetan, She, Tu, Kazakh, Dai, Gaoshan, Xibe, etc.
As of the end of 2018, the total registered population in Hanzhong City was 3.8068 million, of which 1.3558 million were urban residents. The urbanization rate of permanent residents is 50.51.
Zhongbasin is the hometown of rapeseed flowers and a paradise for rapeseed flowers. Hanzhong is my country's traditional rapeseed planting and production base, with an annual rapeseed planting area of more than 1.2 million acres. It has now become one of the regions with the largest rapeseed planting area in my country.
Hanzhong Noodles is the most famous local snack in Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province. It is known as the first of the "Four Wonders" of Hanzhong-style snacks. Its production technology was included in the Shaanxi Provincial Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2011.
Hanzhongyang County is rich in black rice and is also the origin of black rice. According to legend, it was discovered and bred by Zhang Qian, a famous diplomat in the Western Han Dynasty, at the junction of Yangxian and Chenggu.
According to historical records, it has a cultivation history of more than 3,000 years. Because it is rare and valuable, it is also known as the "black pearl".
Extended information
Economic development status of Hanzhong City
In 2018, Hanzhong City achieved a GDP of 147.188 billion yuan, an increase of 9.5% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 20.547 billion yuan, an increase of 3.9; the added value of the secondary industry was 70.215 billion yuan, an increase of 13.1; and the added value of the tertiary industry was 56.426 billion yuan, an increase of 7.4. The per capita GDP was 42,754 yuan, an increase of 9.7%.
The added value of the non-public economy accounted for 53.0% of the GDP. The added value of strategic emerging industries increased by 12.5%, and the proportions of the added value of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries were 14.0, 47.7 and 38.3 respectively. Compared with 2017, the proportion of added value of the primary industry decreased by 1.8 percentage points, while the proportions of the added value of the secondary and tertiary industries increased by 1.4 and 0.4 percentage points respectively.
As of 2018, Hanzhong City’s total fiscal revenue reached 12.014 billion yuan, an increase of 10.3% on the same basis. Among them, local fiscal revenue reached 4.996 billion yuan, an increase of 9.5%. Fiscal expenditure was 34.2 billion yuan, an increase of 9.7%.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Hanzhong (a city in southwestern Shaanxi Province)