What are the definitions of Metaphysics, Yi-ology and Yin-Yang Studies, and what is their relationship with Confucianism and Taoism?
It was founded by Zhang Daoling, Zhang Tianshi, and belongs to Taoism. It started with Nu Wa and Shennong at that time, and many great men such as Xuanyuan, Zhou Wenwang, Jiang Shang, Laozi, Qiu Chuji and Zhang Sanfeng later belonged to Taoism.
Before the Qin Dynasty, almost every Buddhist was a Taoist, and Taoism was born and raised in China. Only after Eight-Nation Alliance invaded China, (Buddhism, Islam and Christianity took the opportunity to suppress Taoism, but it is still depressed). Many Taoist classics are also lost. It's pathetic.
Taoism affirms naturalism and returns to simplicity, simplicity and authenticity. This is the basic point of Taoism. The "Tao" initiated by Laozi has a deep origin.
One Tao can reconcile them (| Tao, the origin, essence and law of all things in the world), but different Tao will repel them. Harmony and discord can't be explained by words. You have to understand them yourself, because everyone has their own opinions.
Buddhism was spread from India by Sakyamuni,
The spread of Buddhism began in the Han Dynasty and prevailed in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, when the orthodox position of Confucianism was shaken, Confucianism began to absorb the advantages of Buddhism and Taoism to reconcile itself, and Taoism and Buddhism were constantly updated for their own development. This has led to different reconciliation and reconstruction.
The main ideas of Confucianism are still inherited from Taoism. Zhong Ni is also a student of Lao Tzu. Confucianism talks about governing the country by courtesy, while Confucianism talks about the humanism of ethical education.
Laozi's thought can be traced back to matriarchal society, or more preserved the heritage of matriarchal clan culture, more equal and simple. Laozi used female-related words such as "Gu Shen" and "Xuan Zang" to describe the matriarchal nature of the avenue, showing distinct female cultural characteristics.
Some scholars believe that Laozi's philosophy is the sublimation of women's wisdom, and Confucian culture is male culture. If we compare Confucianism and Taoism with "one yin and one yang praise", it is obvious that Confucianism is yang and Taoism is yin. This should be acceptable. There is no need to trace Laozi's thoughts back to the matriarchal society, because there are no obvious clues at present. Confucianism's inheritance, summary and promotion of Xia, Shang and Zhou civilizations have obvious clues.
The mode of unity of opposites between Confucianism and Taoism has even become the gene of China culture, which exists in all aspects. Mr. Feng once said that two great poets in the Tang Dynasty, Du Fu and Li Bai, one was Confucianism and the other was Taoism, which represented two cultural and ideological tendencies at the same time. Regarding the inheritance of Laozi and Confucius, Sima Qian's Historical Records records that Laozi is 20-30 years older than Confucius. Confucius asked Laozi for a gift, which is also recorded in ancient books. Laozi's criticism of the disadvantages of Zhou Li is not a criticism of Confucius, but a criticism of the disadvantages of etiquette and music culture.
Metaphysics is a branch of Tao and Yin and Yang, and then they merge.
In China, Taoism and Confucianism (the metaphysics you mentioned seems to be a branch of Taoism and Yin and Yang) were born, bred and passed down.
A cultural civilization needs many things to develop and continue.
How did Chinese civilization develop to this day? Obviously, Confucianism has played a great role.
Where are the three generations of civilizations embodied? Six meridians. Where is the driving force for the inheritance of three generations of civilization? Confucius has it. Starting from Confucius, and his disciples, there is a strong consciousness that the Six Classics should be inherited, summarized, developed and carried forward. China culture is unique in the world since ancient times and has never stopped for thousands of years.
This cannot but be attributed to the Confucian cultural consciousness, strong cultural inheritance consciousness and hard practice. Otherwise, our 5,000-year civilization will not be settled. I have a lot of criticisms about "Li".
"Li" itself has many problems, and there are also disadvantages in its development. But it can't be said that "ceremony" is meaningless as a culture.
Laozi advocates cultural criticism and respects the natural state. Confucianism has an evolutionary consciousness, and people can't stay in the natural state, so it can't be said that the natural state is the best.
Confucianism regards "ceremony" as a form of civilization.
For example, drinking raw water is a natural state, drinking boiled water is a "gift" and putting some tea is a "gift". Where does the ceremony begin? When you get rid of the natural state, you enter the "ceremony", which condenses the progress and development of culture into some concrete forms. Confucianism has always attached importance to and emphasized this point. Therefore, the dominant civilization of Confucianism is constantly developing.