Who knows the history of Caohai, Weining?

Caohai is located in the eastern part of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, southwest of Weining County in the northwest of Guizhou Province. It is known as the Pearl of the Plateau

The history of Caohai is a history of change, which can be generally divided into It is divided into two stages: natural evolution and thought influence

According to research, Caohai was formed 150,000 years ago. As early as the beginning of the Pleistocene, the prototype of Caohai was an ancient river, which was once the Luoze River in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. By the end of the middle Pleistocene period, due to geological tectonic movements and fault tectonic activities, the Caohai fault block sank and accumulated water to form a lake. After Caohai survived, the karsts such as underground fissures, sinkholes, etc. in the lower reaches of Caohai Due to the development of processes and the erosion of the source of rivers, Caohai leaked water and formed an anhydrous basin. In 1857, it rained for forty days and nights, flash floods broke out, sand and trees were mixed in, and most of the sinkholes in the basin were blocked. The basin was flooded, and Caohai recovered happily< /p>

After the recovery of Caohai, the water area reached 45 square kilometers. Since 1958, Caohai has been damaged many times, especially in 1958 and 1970.

Because of the 6 During the rainy season in July, Caohai often flooded the main Yunnan-Guizhou Highway and some farmland near the lake, causing water damage. In order to ensure the needs of transportation, agricultural production and national economic development, the relevant departments implemented drainage projects that year, and the Caohai waters The area was reduced to 31 square kilometers

In 1970, in order to obtain more arable land and solve the problem of food shortage, a large-scale drainage project was started. It took more than two years and cost more than 1.3 million yuan. Yuanhe spent 2 million labor days to blow up the control gate of the bridge at the Caohai outlet. By 1972, only about 5 square kilometers of water surface remained in Caohai, and the original plan to cultivate 46,500 acres of farmland also failed, and only 46,500 acres of land was reclaimed. There are more than 5,700 acres of cultivated land, but the Caohai, known as the plateau masterpiece, has just disappeared

What are the consequences of the demise of the Caohai? Huang Weiqian, a professor at Guizhou Normal University, led a study and concluded that: after the Caohai is drained, It has caused obvious changes in the local climate. The air humidity has decreased. Weining has lost 9.7 million tons of water vapor in the local atmosphere every year. The atmospheric precipitation has decreased, the average annual temperature has dropped, and catastrophic weather has increased. Spring droughts have intensified, summer low temperatures, and autumn rains. The number of storms has increased, winds and hail have increased, and frost has worsened, which is very detrimental to the growth of crops. As the lake disappears, the groundwater level decreases, and the flow rate decreases. The well water in the villages around the lakeside has dried up, the mineralization of the water quality has increased, biological species have decreased, and migratory birds have almost disappeared. Etc. In view of this, experts, scholars and the public unanimously called for the restoration of the Caohai water surface and the reconstruction of the Caohai wetland ecological environment

In 1980, the Guizhou Provincial Government decided to restore the Caohai water area. In 1981, the water storage project started, and in 1982 The water surface recovered to 25 square kilometers. In 1985, the provincial government decided to establish a comprehensive nature reserve with the Caohai Plateau wetland ecosystem and its rare birds as the main protection objects, and listed it as a provincial key nature reserve. A reserve management office was established to Management of Caohai In 1992, Caohai was approved by the State Council as a national nature reserve. After Caohai was refilled, the population of aquatic plants, birds, and fish increased year by year, and Caohai began to truly recover