Excuse me, what information does the Forbidden City have (do you have any pictures)?
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Beijing Forbidden City
The imperial palaces of China in Ming and Qing dynasties. Also known as the Forbidden City, it is now the Palace Museum. Located in the center of Beijing. Founded in the fourth to eighteenth year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (146 ~ 142), it has been rebuilt and rebuilt many times, and still maintains its original layout and scale. It is the most complete and largest ancient wooden frame palace complex in the world. The original designers are Cai Xin, Ruan An, etc., and the constructors are Kuai Xiang and Lu Xiang. The Forbidden City in Beijing is 961 meters long from north to south and 753 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of 72, square meters. There are more than 8,7 existing houses with a total construction area of 15, square meters. There are four gates in the city, with the Wumen Gate in the middle of the south, the Shenwumen Gate in the north, the Donghuamen Gate in the east and the Xihuamen Gate in the west. Each of the four gates has a double-eaved palace gate. There is a watchtower with exquisite structure and beautiful appearance in each corner of the city. The outer wall is 1 meters high and the moat is 52 meters wide and 38 meters long. The whole building complex is symmetrically arranged according to the north-south central axis, with distinct levels and orderly primary and secondary. The main building of the Forbidden City is divided into two parts according to the nature of use: the outer court and the inner court. The layout of the foreign dynasty is sparse and magnificent; The imperial palace is rigorous and gorgeous. The foreign court is in the front, with the three halls of Ethereum, Zhonghe and Baohe as the center and the two halls of Wenhua and Wuying as the wings. It is the administrative region where the emperor holds a grand ceremony, summons his ministers and exercises his power. The Hall of Supreme Harmony, commonly known as the Golden Throne Hall, was rebuilt by Liang Jiu in the thirty-fourth year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1695). It has eleven rooms (63.96 meters) in width and five rooms (37.17 meters) in depth. It is the largest existing wooden ancient building in China, with a construction area of about 2,38 square meters and a height of 3.5 meters from the ground to the temple ridge. Zhonghe Hall is located in the middle of the I-shaped abutment, and it is a five-room-wide single-eaves pyramidal roof square hall for the emperor to rest when he salutes in the Hall of Supreme Harmony. The Baohe Hall, with nine wide rooms and double eaves, rests on the top of the mountain. It is the place where palace examination is held and princes, civil and military ministers and foreign guests are entertained. Zhonghe Hall and Baohe Hall were rebuilt in the 42nd year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1615) because Feng Qiao presided over them. In front of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, there are two pavilions, Tijen Pavilion and Hongyi Pavilion, which are nine two-story pavilions with waist eaves. The two halls, Wenhua and Wuying, are five-room-wide single-eaves buildings that rest on the top of the mountain. Wenhua Hall is the place where the emperor listened to the ministers' books, and Wuying Hall is the place where the emperor lived and summoned the ministers. The imperial palace is the residential area of the emperor and his family, including the last three palaces, the sixth palace of things, and the fifth house of dry things. On the central axis, the last three palaces are Ganqing Palace, Jiaotai Palace and Kunning Palace from south to north, leading to the Imperial Garden. Ganqing Palace and Kunning Palace are the main halls and sleeping rooms of the imperial palace, the official living places of the emperor and the empress, all of which are nine rooms wide and are the top of the double-eaved palace; Jiaotai Hall is a three-room-wide single-eaves pyramidal roof Square Hall. There are six groups of self-contained courtyards in the east and west of Ganqing Palace, which are the residences of concubines. There are Fengxian Palace, Zhai Palace and Yuqing Palace in the south of the East Sixth Palace, and hall of mental cultivation in front of the West Sixth Palace. Five courtyards were built in the north of the East, West and Six Palaces, and three halls were built in each courtyard, which was the residence of the Prince. The first three halls and the last three palaces of the Forbidden City are all arranged on the central axis. The other six palaces of things and five palaces of dry things are symmetrically arranged around them, guarding the main buildings on the central axis. And distinguish between primary and secondary by the size, width and narrowness of each courtyard and temple. The first three halls are the largest buildings in the whole palace, covering an area of 85, square meters, accounting for 12% of Miyagi's, while the last three halls account for 25% of the first three halls. The remaining palaces are decreasing in order to highlight the main position of the first three halls and the last three palaces. In 1961, it was designated as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units in China. It has been listed as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO.
how many rooms are known in the Forbidden City
There are countless rooms in the Forbidden City. Some people say that the Forbidden City has 9999 rooms; Some people say that there should be 9,999 rooms and a half in the Forbidden City. Then, why are there 9,999 rooms and a half? Where is the half room? It turns out that the half room refers to the small room at the west end of Wenyuan Pavilion downstairs. In fact, the so-called half room in the Forbidden City does not exist at all. This room in the west of Wenyuan Pavilion is quite small, with only one staircase for going up and down, but it is still a whole room. Wenyuan Pavilion is the place where the first "Sikuquanshu" in China is hidden. In order to take "water is born in heaven, and the land is 6%", Wenyuan Pavilion breaks the convention that the houses in the Forbidden City are mostly odd, and adopts an even number-6. However, for the sake of beautiful layout, the first one in the west is built very small, which seems to be half a room. How many houses are there in the Forbidden City? According to field survey, there are more than 8,6 rooms. Where is the cold palace? People who visit the Forbidden City always look for the cold palace to see if the emperor really lives a life of "three palaces, six hospitals and seventy-two concubines". Let's talk about "three palaces and six hospitals" first. The Qing Palace, Jiaotai Hall and Kunning Palace in the middle of the Forbidden City are called "Three Palaces". The six courtyards refer to the six palaces on the East Road: Zhai Palace, Jingren Palace, Chenggan Palace, Zhongcui Palace, Jingyang Palace and Yonghe Palace. The emperor had many wives and concubines, saying that there were "seventy-two concubines" or "three thousand ladies and gentlemen". According to the Book of Rites, the system of the Zhou Dynasty was "the son of heaven had six palaces, three ladies, nine wives, twenty-seventh wives and eighty-one royal wives", which shows that as early as the Zhou Dynasty in China, the sons of heaven had wives, wives, royal wives and other names, and the number was quite amazing. Feudal emperors had "supreme" power and could choose concubines at will. "There are many resentful women in the palace". In feudal society, how many young women were imprisoned in the palace and were not free for life! As for the women elected to the palace, once they fall out of favor, they will die in the forbidden room of the palace, which is even more tragic. Where is the "cold palace" of the Forbidden City? There is no fixed place, but there have always been two kinds of sayings. One is to dry the Qing Palace and Changchun Palace; When it is said that the "cold palace" has no fixed address, the place where the princess and the prince are forbidden is commonly known as the "cold palace". Looking through the historical materials of Ming and Qing dynasties, we can see that there is no "cold palace" plaque in the Forbidden City, and the cold palace is not the official name of a certain palace. According to some documents, there are several places that were regarded as "cold palaces" in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, when the Emperor was revealed, Li Cheng, a princess, offended Wei Zhongxian, a powerful eunuch, and was driven from Changchun Palace to Ganxi, west of the Imperial Garden, where she lived for four years. There are three people who have been living in seclusion in the west, namely, Ding Fei, Qi and Ke Qi. This "cold palace" is in the west of the Forbidden City. Before Emperor Guangxu's consort fell into the well by Cixi, it was said that she was locked up in the north of Jingqi Pavilion (now collapsed). This place is in the mountain gate to the west of Zhenfei Well today. If this rumor from the mouth of the eunuch is true, then this place is considered a "cold palace."
the mystery of the word "door"
The word "door" in each door plaque of the Forbidden City is written straight from the bottom to the bottom without an upward hook. Why did you deliberately write it like this? The word "door" was written as "",which was available in the Song Dynasty. It is said that after the Song Dynasty was partial to Lin 'an, the Jade Diedian caught fire and the doors of the temple were burned out. Zaichen said that the word "door" in the palace plaque has a hook foot and a fire pen at the end, so it is necessary to burn all these plaques to avoid disaster. From then on, all the plaques in the palace were written with the word "door" at the end, and they were straight down. There is a story that he died writing the word "door", which can better explain the reason why the word "door" was not ticked on the palace plaque: Ming Taizu hit the book Zhan Xiyuan in Nanjing to write the door plaque of the Imperial College, and the word "door" was slightly evoked at the end, so many Ming Taizu became furious and said: I want to recruit talents, and you Zhan Xiyuan will close the door and block my way! Then ordered to cut it. It's like a tiger with a gentleman!
Who designed the Forbidden City?
If it is a huge project, who is responsible for the design? Who presided over the construction? This is indeed a historical mystery, which stumbles many old Beijingers. Because the building of the Forbidden City is not as clearly engraved with the words when the building was built and who designed it as modern buildings. At present, most people think that the Forbidden City was designed by an outstanding craftsman named Kuaimingxiang and Kuailuban in Ming Dynasty. However, in recent years, Mr. Yu Shuyun, a senior engineer in the ancient architecture department of the Palace Museum, has put forward different opinions. He believes that Kuai Xiang, who once participated in the construction of Nanjing Palace, is the designer of the Forbidden City. In fact, Kuai Xiang is only the construction host of the Forbidden City, and the real designer of the Forbidden City should be a little-known Cai Xin. When the Forbidden City Palace entered the climax of large-scale construction in the 15th year of Yongle, Kuai Xiang came to Beijing from Nanjing with Zhu Di and began to preside over the construction of the palace. Before that, Cai Xin had presided over the planning, design and construction of the Forbidden City and Beijing.
Why not plant trees in the courtyard of the Three Great Halls
If you look at the history of the rise and fall of the Forbidden City, you can find that the few ancient trees in the Forbidden City were originally related to a peasant uprising in the Qing Dynasty. On September 15, 1813, Lin Qing, a native of Songjiazhuang, Wanping, Beijing (now Songjiazhuang, Daxing County), led the rebel army to the east and Xihuamen. The East Road Rebel was blocked, and the West Road Rebel attacked Xihua Gate and killed Longzongmen. The gate was closed. When the Rebel saw the towering trees on both sides of the palace wall, they climbed the tree, bravely climbed over the wall, and cut off branches, preparing to attack Longzongmen with fire ... No trees were planted in the courtyard of the three main halls, and some people said that they were afraid that the enemies hidden in the trees would threaten the safety of the emperor. At first glance, this explanation seems reasonable, but it's not-the hall of mental cultivation in the Forbidden City and the Gu Song cypress in the Imperial Garden are tall and dense. How to explain it? Someone wrote that no trees were planted in the three halls, mainly because of the need to set off the artistic conception. The Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Zhonghe and the Hall of Baohe, also known as the three halls of the outer court, are the places where the emperor held grand ceremonies, which are located in the center of the whole outer palace building and the whole Beijing city. In order to highlight the majestic momentum of this group of palaces, many architectural techniques have been adopted. One is that no trees are planted in the courtyard. From Tiananmen Square, the main entrance of the imperial city, through Duanmen, Wumen and Taihe Gate, there are no trees in a series of courtyards between them (the trees before and after Duanmen were planted after the Revolution of 1911). At that time, people went to see the son of heaven and entered Tiananmen Square. After a long imperial road, they marched in the undulating architectural space, and they felt an invisible and growing mental pressure. Finally, they entered Taihe Gate and saw the wide square and the towering hall towering on the triple platform. This mental pressure reached its peak. And this is exactly what the supreme son of heaven requires of his subjects. If trees are planted in these courtyards with pleasant shade and birds singing, it will destroy the majestic atmosphere of the imperial court. Indeed, the wide square and the blue sky make the three halls more majestic and impressive. Are there other reasons for not planting trees in the three halls? During the tour, we might as well explore and think again to completely solve the mystery of this scenic spot.