How the Wright brothers invented the airplane,
Next to them, two boys stood quietly, watching the cheerful sledge pass from top to bottom. The older boy sighed, "Hi! If only we had a sledge, too! "
another child pursed his lips and said, "Who told us that our father is always away!" He had a brainwave and then said, "Brother, let's do it ourselves!" Hearing this, the boy called brother immediately laughed and said happily,
"Yes! We can do it ourselves. Come on, Orville, let's go back! " So, the two children jumped down the hillside and ran home quickly.
These two brothers are the Wright brothers, the older one is Welber, and the younger one is Orville. They like to play with some things since childhood, and often play all kinds of games together. Their grandfather is a craftsman who makes wheels. There are all kinds of tools in the house. The two brothers regard it as their paradise and often go to see his grandfather working. After a long time, they imitated and made some small toys. Therefore, the two brothers decided to build a sledge this time and pull it to the hillside to compete with their companions. That night, the two brothers told their mother this idea. Hearing this, my mother said happily, "OK, let's do it together!" "
So, the two brothers ran to Grandpa's workshop, found many sticks and tools, and got to work without thinking.
"No," their mother stopped them and said, "We have to have a plan to do anything. We have to draw a picture first, and then do it!"
The two brothers understood this truth, and they worked with their mother to design patterns. Mother first measured the two brothers' bodies, and then drew a short sledge. "Mom, other people's sledges are very high. Why are your sledges so short? Will this work? " Orville, the younger brother, was puzzled and asked.
"Son, if you want to make the sledge run fast, you have to make it short, so that you can reduce the wind resistance and the speed will be much faster." Mom explained gently. Only then did the two brothers understand that they should not be rash in doing anything, but should first understand the truth.
A day later, the Wright brothers' short sledge was made. The two brothers pushed it to the hill, and just put it on the hillside, a boy came running.
"Come and see, the Wright brothers have carried a monster!" The boy cried in a big fuss.
in a short time, all the children gathered around and talked about this strange thing. The Wright brothers disagreed and bravely said, "Who will compete with us!"
The boy who came running earlier hurriedly called, "I'll come! I will compete with them! " Say that finish, he pulled his sledge.
Of course, the Wright brothers won the game. Instead of mocking the sledge, the children gathered around and looked around as if they wanted to find something.
The Wright brothers were very happy and went home with the joy of victory.
when Christmas comes, my father comes back from other places. On Christmas morning, my father gave them a present, and the two brothers eagerly opened it. It was an unknown toy and looked strange.
Dad told them that this is a flying spiral, which can fly high in the air. "Birds can fly! How can it fly! " Welber is a little skeptical.
Dad smiled and performed on the spot. I saw him twist the rubber band on it first, and as soon as he let go, it purred and flew high into the air. Only then did the brothers believe that besides birds and butterflies, artificially made things can also fly into the sky. So, the two brothers took it apart and wanted to explore why it could fly to the sky.
From then on, in their young minds, something that can fly high in the blue sky will be sprouted. This wish has been affecting them. In 1896, the Wright brothers read a news in the newspaper: German Lilienthal died in a glider accident. The news shocked them so much that the two brothers decided to study air flight.
At this time, the Wright brothers opened a bicycle shop. They work to earn money while studying flight information. Three years later, they learned a lot about aviation and decided to copy a glider.
They first observed the movements of eagles flying in the air, then drew them one by one, and then set out to design gliders. In October 19, the Wright brothers finally made their first glider and took it to the seaside of Kitty Hawk, which is far away from Dayton. It is very remote, there are no trees or houses around, and the wind here is very strong, which is very suitable for flying gliders.
It took the two brothers a week to install the glider, first tie it with a rope and fly it like a kite, and the result was successful. Then Welber sat on it for an experiment. Although it flew, it was only more than 1 meter high.
in the second year, the two brothers made a glider after many improvements on the basis of the last one. In the autumn of this year, they came to the seaside of Kitty Hawk again. After an experiment, the flying height suddenly reached 18 meters.
the two brothers are very happy, but they are not satisfied. They wonder if they can make a machine that can fly without wind?
The two brothers thought over and over again, collected the information about flight, and studied it repeatedly, but they never figured out what power to use to transport the beloved glider and people into the air. One day, a car stopped in front of the garage, and the driver borrowed a tool from them. Come and repair the engine of the car. The two brothers had a brainwave. Can they use the engine of the car to propel the flight?
Since then, the two brothers have been thinking about the engine. They first measured that the maximum carrying capacity of the glider was 9 kilograms, so they ordered an engine of no more than 9 kilograms from the factory. But the lightest engine at that time was 19 kilograms, and the factory could not make such a light engine.
Later, an engine engineer learned about it and promised to help the Wright brothers. After a while, the engineer really built a gasoline engine with 12 horsepower and a weight of only 7 kilograms.
The two brothers were very happy and soon began to study how to use the engine to propel the glider. After numerous experiments, they finally installed the engine on the glider, but only installed the propeller on the glider, and the engine drove the propeller to rotate and drive the glider to fly.
In September, 193, the Wright brothers took their flight with engines to the seaside of Kitty Hawk for another test flight. Although the test flight failed, they learned a lot from it. Soon after, they made several consecutive test flights, either because of the propeller failure, the engine failure or the driving skills.
Undaunted, the Wright brothers still insisted on the test flight. Just then, an inventor named Langlai, entrusted by the American government, built an airplane with a gasoline engine and crashed into the sea during the test flight.
When the Wright brothers learned the news, they went to investigate, learned lessons from the failure of Langley, and gained a lot of experience. They made a strict inspection of every part of the plane and formulated strict operating regulations. On December 14th, 193, they came to Kitty Hawk for a flight test.
This afternoon, the two brothers first placed two rails fixed on wood on the ground, with a certain inclination, so that the plane could slide easily. Then, put the plane they made on the rails.
In the end, the two brothers argued over who should fly first, so they had to toss a coin and Welber should fly first.
after getting on the plane, Welber crouched in the center of the plane, and soon started the plane. The engine roared and the propeller slowly turned.
just after taxiing for 3 meters on the slope, the plane broke free from the iron wire tied at the back and roared into the air.
"It's flying!" Orville cried excitedly.
As he spoke, the plane suddenly slowed down and soon fell to the ground. The whole flight time is less than 4 minutes.
Orville rushed forward. Wilbur had jumped out of the fallen plane, and the two brothers quickly observed the plane, which was not damaged.
"what's the problem?" The two brothers thought about it and checked it one by one. There is nothing wrong with the engine, the propeller rotates well and the technical operation is completely correct. ..... "Brother, I know why!" Orville said with a big smile: "We used the slope to slide, and the plane took off only 3 meters away. At this time, the rotation of the propeller has not reached high speed, so it will be planted in a short while. " "Yes!" Welber nodded yes, and then said, "We can't take off by taxiing on the slope, but we have to fly by the power of the propeller. Well, put the rails in a flat place and try again. "
They worked continuously for three days, and then relocated the tracks on a flat ground.
at 1 o'clock in the morning on December 17th, 193, the sky was overcast and the wind was biting. The farmers invited by the two brothers to watch the flight shivered with cold and repeatedly urged the two brothers to fly quickly.
This time, Orville made a test flight, only to see him climb on the plane and lie down in the driver's seat. After a while, the engine began to roar and the propeller began to turn.
suddenly, the plane slipped, rose to more than 3 meters, and then flew forward horizontally.
"it's flying! Fly! " Several farmers cried happily and followed Welber, chasing after the plane.
after flying for 3 meters, the plane landed firmly. Welber rushed forward, jumped on his younger brother who had just climbed out of the plane, and cried with tears in his eyes: "We succeeded! We succeeded! "
45 minutes later, Welber flew again, with a distance of 52 meters. After a while, Orville flew again, this time for 59 seconds, with a distance of 255 meters.
This is the first successful flight in human history. The Wright brothers told the news to the newspaper, but the newspaper didn't believe it and refused to publish it. The Wright brothers don't care. Continue to improve their plane. Soon, the two brothers built a plane that could take two people, and they flew in the air for more than an hour.
After the news spread, people rushed to tell each other. The American government attached great importance to it and decided to let Wright give a test flight performance.
on September 1th, 198, the weather was unusually clear, and the ground where the plane flew was surrounded by people watching. People are in high spirits, waiting for the Wright brothers to fly.
around p>1 o'clock, my brother Orville flew their plane, flying freely into the sky amid cheers. Two long wings crossed the air, just like an eagle spreading its wings and flying.
People can no longer restrain their excitement, hold their heads high in the sky and call the names of the Wright brothers. How many people's dreams have finally come true.
The plane flew at an altitude of 76 meters for 1 hour and 14 minutes and carried a brave passenger. When it landed, people gathered from all directions. In 198, with the support of the government, the Wright brothers founded a flying company and a flying school. Since then, airplanes have become another advanced means of transportation for people.