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Correct driving posture is very important for safe driving, which can not only eliminate the fatigue of long-term driving and ensure a good driving vision, but also make the driving action more accurate, rapid and reasonable. Driving posture is mainly related to steering wheel and seat. After sitting in the driver's seat, first of all, sit deeply in the back of the chair and let your waist and shoulders lean against the back of the chair. First, feel whether the distance between the front and back of the seat and the backrest angle are appropriate, then stretch your arms forward and naturally hold both sides of the steering wheel. At this time, the wrist must be able to bend freely and move freely. Legs should have some room for movement, and it is easy to step on the clutch pedal, brake pedal or accelerator with your feet, so you don't have to lean forward. The position is basically suitable at this time. If it is not suitable, you can slide the seat back and forth or adjust the tilt angle of the chair back to meet the above requirements.
Don't be too nervous when driving. Many novices often feel backache after going on the road for the first time, mainly because they are sitting in the wrong position and are too nervous, so they are stiff all over, and it is inevitable to compete with the car. Don't always keep a posture when driving, adjust the sitting posture appropriately to eliminate fatigue.
It should be emphasized that after adjusting the driving posture, you must fasten your seat belt to avoid the tension and unsafe factors caused by suddenly remembering not to wear your seat belt during driving.
Second: be familiar with gears.
Most novice drivers (such as manual gears) drive differently from those when learning to drive, so they are not familiar with gears. If you don't take the time to get familiar with the gear, the direct consequence is that you don't know which gear you are in when driving, and you often look down at the gear lever, which is easy to cause traffic accidents because of distraction. Especially when encountering complex road conditions, it is easy to turn off the engine because of nervousness, so be sure to be familiar with the gear before going on the road for the first time.
Usually, the gear position assignment will be clearly printed on the handle of the gear lever. When you get on an unfamiliar car, getting familiar with different gears is the first step. You can get familiar with gears through the following steps.
1. Be familiar with the gear if the car is not in place.
At this time, first look at the gear bitmap above the gear lever handle, step the clutch pedal to the bottom to shift gears, and pay attention to whether there is an inverted lock. After getting familiar with the gear position, take your eyes off the gear lever and use the gear shifting mode to get familiar with the gear position during normal driving.
Note: If you can't shift gears in place, you can step on the clutch pedal once and then step on the clutch pedal to shift gears. Generally, you will shift gears smoothly.
2. Be familiar with the equipment when traveling
When driving in an open area or on a road with a small traffic volume, you should be familiar with the gear when driving. At this time, we should insist on shifting gears without looking at the shift lever, and at the same time, we should add gears in order when shifting gears, and pay attention to practicing oil distribution and cooperation.
Precautions: Remember to put the gear lever in neutral when landing, and pay attention to avoid pedestrians, non-motor vehicles and sudden motor vehicles when driving.
Number 3: Easy to turn the steering wheel.
After the driving posture is adjusted, the next step is to hold and operate the steering wheel. The best position to hold the steering wheel is to bend your elbows slightly at 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock (that is, at the horizontal sides) when holding the steering wheel with both hands, because this will give your arms enough activity area to operate the steering wheel quickly. Don't hold the steering wheel tightly, but hold the outer edge gently. Many novices always hold the steering wheel tightly, which leads to a lot of sweating on their hands and affects the accuracy of their movements. Moreover, it is easy to hit the steering wheel abnormally when shifting gears, which has buried hidden dangers.
The operation of the steering wheel has different degrees of steering function according to the vehicle speed. The higher the vehicle speed, the smaller the turning range of the steering wheel. When turning, you should operate with both hands, pushing the relay steering wheel with one hand and pulling it with the other.
In addition, the steering wheel has the function of self-righting. When it rotates quickly, you can loosen your palm to make the steering wheel self-righting, but you are not allowed to rotate by yourself. You still need to hold the steering wheel with both hands to keep it in a controllable state at any time.
Some novices will put their hands into the inside of the steering wheel when the car turns around or makes a big turn. This is what the old saying goes. This seems to be labor-saving, but in case of emergency, the hand can not be withdrawn in time for first aid; The front wheel suddenly changes direction, and it is easy to hurt your arm. Beginners should get rid of this bad habit.
Fourth: find the right shift timing.
Many novices don't know when to shift gears, and there are often low gears and high speeds. The correct shift should be after automatic start. With the increase of engine speed and different vehicle speeds, shift into the corresponding gear.
Under normal circumstances, when the engine speed increases to a certain extent, the working noise of the engine will increase, so it is necessary to upshift, and the shift timing is generally between 2 500 and 3 000 r/min (engines with different performance will be different, please read the user manual before use). If a novice doesn't learn to shift gears according to the change of engine sound, he can observe the tachometer and feel the change of engine sound at the best shift speed while ensuring safety. The principle of deceleration shift is the same, but it should be noted that when the vehicle speed is too fast, it is necessary to reduce the vehicle speed to the corresponding range before shifting.
Some drivers are used to shifting gears according to their speed, but this method is not suitable for novices because their sense of speed has not been established. Novices are advised to shift gears according to engine speed. But everyone should still know the gears corresponding to different speed stages. Take a vehicle with a 5-speed manual transmission as an example. Under normal circumstances, after starting, when the vehicle speed is lower than 20km/h, you should choose the second gear, when the vehicle speed is 20 ~ 60km/h, you should choose the third gear, when the vehicle speed is 60km/h, if the vehicle speed exceeds 80km/h, you can shift into the fifth gear. ..
Step 5: Skilled oil separation and coordination.
When driving a manual transmission vehicle, the best oil distribution can not only make the vehicle start smoothly and output power stably, but also save fuel and prolong the service life of the clutch. This skill is often the most difficult for beginners to master, and flameout and body shake often occur when starting. In addition, when shifting gears, the clutch is too loose, which will easily lead to the train stopping, which will not only destroy the car, but also make the driving feel very uncomfortable. Some novices get into the habit of stepping on the clutch pedal because they are not skilled in clutch operation, which leads to the clutch being in a semi-clutch state for a long time and accelerates the damage of the clutch.
Correct oil separation and matching should be adjusted according to vehicle speed. In the initial stage, put in neutral, step on the clutch pedal after landing, put the shift lever into 1 gear, slowly release the clutch, and start the car with the accelerator. When stepping on the clutch pedal, be sure to step to the end. Feel the shaking and moving trend of the car body when slowly releasing the clutch pedal. When the vehicle is slightly shaking and moving, slowly refuel and continue to slowly release the clutch until it is completely released, so that the vehicle can start smoothly.
It is also important for the vehicle to shift gears while driving. With the increase of vehicle speed, the deoiling process is gradually shortened, that is, the release speed of clutch pedal is accelerated. In order to ensure the smooth shifting process, the throttle should be matched reasonably, and never refuel. The ideal state is that when shifting gears, the vehicle runs smoothly, the speed increases gradually, and there is no obvious instantaneous deceleration and acceleration. On the contrary, when decelerating and downshifting, you should brake properly first, and then step on the clutch pedal to shift gears when the speed is appropriate.
Sixth: Learn to pay attention to six aspects.
The driver has a limited view when sitting in the car. At ordinary times, he can only see the situation ahead with the naked eye. For left, right and rear situations, he can only use the inner rearview mirror and two outer rearview mirrors. Some driving actions, such as turning, reversing, merging and overtaking, must be done safely with the help of rearview mirrors. Therefore, novices must first learn to observe the road conditions through the rearview mirror, and then realize "six roads at a time". Especially for some drivers who drive trucks while learning to drive, it is particularly important to learn to observe road conditions with rearview mirrors. In the actual driving process, novices often stare at the front and ignore the five directions of left, right, back, up and down. So how can we "see six ways"?
When the vehicle is driving in the middle of the lane and the road conditions are not very complicated, force yourself to move your eyes out of the front, observe the three rearview mirrors, the road surface and the front upper part of the vehicle with the remaining eyes, and keep your central vision scanning the wide road conditions-front, back, left, right, up and down. Look forward as much as possible; Observe the rear middle, left and right rearview mirrors, and see the following distance and speed of all the rear lanes; Observing from the left side to the right side of the road, including oncoming cars, parking on the left and right sides of the road, pedestrians and vehicles to be transferred out at the intersection; Look up at street signs and signal lights; Look down at road signs and obstacles.
In the process of expanding the field of vision, the speed should not be too fast, and the observation range should be gradually expanded under the condition of ensuring safety.
It is dangerous to stare at an object for a long time while driving on the road. So exercise your eye movements, don't focus too much on a car (such as the car in front) or other things, and learn to glance at it. In addition, before merging or overtaking, always look in the mirror to avoid the influence of blind spots and keep abreast of the situation behind the car.
Issue 7: Practice parking in place.
The biggest headache for novices is parking. Someone joked: don't look at many novices driving like a decent car on the road, they will be exposed as soon as they stop. Many novices have "parking phobia". Because they don't park often, they have less opportunities to exercise and their parking skills are slow to improve. Therefore, novice parking accidents often occur, further increasing the fear of parking. There is only one way for us to do it, that is, practice and practice various parking methods under the guidance of "experts".
When practicing, we should focus on two kinds of parking spaces that novices think are difficult. One is that there are cars in front and behind, and there are parking spaces in the middle; The other is that there are cars on the left and right with parking spaces in the middle.
The focus of the first parking space is to pour in. You can learn from the method of "moving the garage" learned in driving school, so that the rear of the car can be put in place smoothly.
There are two ways to park the second parking space, one is to drive forward and the other is to pour in. It is relatively simple to drive forward, and pay attention to the distance from the left and right cars so as not to hinder the left and right cars from opening the door. When dumping, you can learn from the methods of "pasting the library" and "dumping the library" in driving school.
Number 8: Verify the following distances repeatedly.
Novices often can't judge the distance from the vehicle in front, so they are often far away from the vehicle in front, which affects the traffic speed and creates conditions for other vehicles to merge in front, causing hidden dangers. There are also some bold novices who are close to the car, but their ability to deal with emergencies is very poor. Once the front car slows down or stops a little faster, it is easy to rear-end. So how to keep a proper distance when following the car?
The distance from the car is different under different road conditions and different speed. A general principle is that the front and rear cars must keep a safe distance. That is, when the preceding vehicle slows down or brakes, there is enough safe distance between the two vehicles, so that the driver of the following vehicle has enough time to react and take braking measures. At the same time, keeping a limited following distance can effectively prevent vehicles in other lanes from merging into their own front at will. Beginners had better practice repeatedly in different road conditions. When practicing, choose a multi-lane road in the same direction. When driving, you can refer to the following distance of the vehicle in the next lane and verify it yourself. However, the practice process should be gradual, and the distance with the car should be from large to small until it is reasonable and safe.