The breathtakingly beautiful pictures of the twenty-four solar terms
At the beginning of spring, red and white plum blossoms reflected the black wooden house; at the beginning of summer, the emerald green bamboo leaves were dappled with sunshine; at the beginning of autumn, the sunflowers bloomed enthusiastically... Recently, a group of "breathtakingly beautiful" "Twenty-Four Solar Terms Picture" has gone viral on the Internet, covering the beautiful scenery of the four seasons. Each picture is beautiful and has been praised by netizens. The author of this set of photos, "Qing Jian", is a female doctor born in the 1980s in Shanghai, Zhou Jie (@青 Jane jane), a gastroenterologist who loves traveling and photography. Her twenty-four solar terms pictures were filmed in 11 provinces across the country, ranging from Heilongjiang in the north to Fujian in the south and Tibet in the west. "Most of the spring solar terms pictures are mainly taken from the water towns in the south of the Yangtze River, while most of the winter solar terms pictures are taken in the north. The inspiration came from accidentally seeing a website in Japan that takes photos of the 24 solar terms. From the photos taken for more than two years This set of pictures was selected and produced.
“The twenty-four solar terms mainly reflect the natural phenomena and agricultural seasonal characteristics of the Yellow River Basin in my country. It will definitely not be enough if we only select pictures from the Jiangnan area." In order to do our best to more accurately represent the twenty-four solar terms, the places where the green slips were taken range from Heilongjiang in the north, Fujian in the south, and Tibet in the west, involving 11 provinces "Only by traveling all over China can we fully experience the twenty-four solar terms. " Qing Jian said. Among them, a picture of "Sushu" was taken from Taicang, Jiangsu Province. The content of this picture is very simple. The low-hanging willow stripes in the picture are motionless, and the dark green willow leaves make people know at a glance that it is It's midsummer.
In the distance, the white walls and gray tiles blur in the background of the picture, taking people to the quiet summer in the Jiangnan water town, making people intoxicated by the coolness under the shade of the waterside trees. . Qing Jian likes photography and traveling. She has been to many places in China, and Jiangsu is a place she often visits. “The unique charm of the Jiangnan water town attracts me to come here again and again.
On the day of summer last year, my friends and I happened to go to Taicang’s Shaxi to play. The sun was hot and there was no wind that day, but the water bank lined with willows was cool and refreshing. It was really magical." Qing Jian said that she used ordinary equipment to take pictures, because she took the photos with her Shot with real feelings and emotions, "Maybe this is the reason why so many netizens are screaming."
The twenty-four solar terms: Beginning of Spring, Rain, Waking of Insects, Vernal Equinox, Qingming, Guyu, Beginning of summer, Xiaoman, Mangzhong, summer solstice, minor heat, major heat, beginning of autumn, end of summer, white dew, autumnal equinox, cold dew, frost, beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice, minor cold, and major cold.
The twenty-four solar terms originated from the Yellow River. As early as the Spring and Autumn Period, ancient Chinese sages established the four solar terms of mid-spring, mid-summer, mid-autumn and mid-winter. They were continuously improved and improved. By the Qin and Han Dynasties, the twenty-four solar terms had been fully established in 104 BC. The "Taichu Calendar" formulated by Deng Pingping formally established the twenty-four solar terms in the calendar and clarified the astronomical position of the twenty-four solar terms. The twenty-four solar terms are an original cultural heritage of the Chinese working people, which can reflect seasonal changes and guide farming. Activities affect the food, clothing, housing and transportation of thousands of households.
Li Chun is the first solar term in the 24 solar terms.
"Li" means "beginning", and Li Chun is the symbol of spring in my country. Starting from February 4th or 5th every year, when the sun reaches 315 degrees longitude, it is the beginning of spring. According to historical records, the spring welcoming ceremony of all dynasties in our country has exceeded the 24th solar term in the lunar calendar. It has a function related to the climate, but has been regarded as a festival. Therefore, many activities and folk customs organized around the beginning of spring have evolved in history, such as "Spring Baby", "Spring Whip", "Spring Roll", "Spring Beating". ", "Spring Wine", "Spring Cow", etc.
Rain is the second solar term among the 24 solar terms.
Around February 19th every year, when the sun's ecliptic longitude reaches 330 degrees , is the rain of the 24th solar term. At this time, the temperature rises, the ice and snow melt, and the precipitation increases, so it is named rainwater. The rain solar term generally starts on February 18th or 19th and ends on March 4th or 5th. Rain, like Grain Rain, light snow and heavy snow, is a solar term that reflects the phenomenon of precipitation. During the Rain Festival, married daughters bring gifts to their parents' homes. Women who have given birth to children must bring cans of meat, chairs and other gifts. , to thank the parents for their upbringing. For women who have not been pregnant for a long time, their mothers will sew a pair of red trousers for them and wear them close to their bodies. It is said that this will help them get pregnant and give birth to children as soon as possible.
Jingzhe is the birthright of women. The third solar term among the 24 solar terms.
Every year on March 5 or 6, when the sun reaches 345 degrees longitude, the temperature rises quickly, and spring thunder begins to stir. It means that when the weather gets warmer, the spring thunder begins to wake up the hibernating insects in the ground. The hibernation symbolizes the beginning of February, and a thunder will wake up all the hibernating snakes, insects, rats, and ants in the home. They will rise up again in response to the sound and look for food everywhere. Therefore, in ancient times, on the day of the Waking of Insects, people would hold scented incense and mugwort and smoke them in the four corners of their homes to drive away snakes, insects, mosquitoes, rats and musty smells. Over time, it gradually evolved into the habit of slapping those who are unhappy with their enemies and driving away bad luck. It is also the predecessor of "beating the villain".
The Spring Equinox is the fourth solar term among the 24 solar terms.
It starts from March 20 (or 21) and ends on April 4 (or 5) every year. The vernal equinox begins when the sun reaches 0 degrees longitude (the vernal equinox) on March 20 or 21 of the Gregorian calendar every year. The length of day and night on this day is even, and it is half of the ninetieth day of spring, so it is called the "Spring Equinox". "Eat spring vegetables on the vernal equinox." "Chuncai" is a kind of wild amaranth, which is called "Chunbi Artemisia" by the locals. The spring vegetables picked on the vernal equinox are usually boiled in soup with fish fillets at home, which is called "spring soup".
Qingming is the fifth solar term in China’s 24 solar terms.
Every year around April 5th in the Gregorian calendar. The customs of Qingming Festival are rich and interesting. In addition to banning fires and sweeping tombs, there are also a series of customary sports activities such as outing, swinging, kicking Cuju, playing polo, and planting willows.
Guyu is the sixth solar term in the 24-solar calendar.
It is the last solar term in spring. At this time, the seedlings in the fields are first planted and new crops are planted. They need the moisture of rain the most, so it is said that "spring rain is as valuable as oil." Grain Rain means "rain produces hundreds of grains". It occurs every year on April 20 or 21 when the sun reaches 30 celestial longitude. In ancient times, there was a custom of "walking during the Grain Rain". On this day, young women would visit villages to visit relatives or go for a walk in the wild, which meant integrating with nature and keeping fit.
Beginning of Summer is the seventh solar term in the 24 solar terms.
May 5 or May 6 every year is the beginning of summer in the lunar calendar. "The bucket points to the southeast, and the dimension is the beginning of summer. All things grow up here, so it is called the beginning of summer." At this time, the sun's ecliptic longitude is 45 degrees. In astronomy, the beginning of summer means bidding farewell to spring and is the beginning of summer. On the day of the Beginning of Summer, ancient emperors would lead hundreds of civil and military officials to the southern suburbs of the capital to welcome the summer and hold a summer welcoming ceremony. Both monarchs and ministers wear vermilion formal attires and vermilion jade pendants. Even the horses and carriage flags must be vermilion to express their prayers for a good harvest and good wishes. In the palace, "it was the beginning of summer and the ice was given to ministers of civil and military affairs." The ice was stored in the previous winter and given to officials by the emperor.
Xiaoman is located in the eighth solar term of the 24 solar terms.
The second solar term of summer. The meaning is that the grains of summer-ripened crops have begun to fill and become full, but they are not yet mature. They are only slightly full, not yet full. Every year on May 21st or 22nd, when the sun reaches 60 o'clock on the yellow path, it is considered Xiaoman. In the Jiangnan area, there is a saying that "Xiaoman moves three cars". It is an image summary of Xiaoman's farming in Jiangnan. The so-called "three vehicles" are water wheels, spinning wheels, and oil wheels. In agricultural proverbs, people use "man" to refer to the abundance of rain. Xiaoman is the time for top dressing of early rice and transplanting of mid-season rice in the south of the Yangtze River. If the fields are not filled with water, the field ridges will become dry and cracked, making it impossible to transplant rice, affecting the harvest of crops.
Manzhong means crops are mature.
Eawn is the ninth solar term among the 24 solar terms. Around June 5 every year, when the sun reaches 75 celestial longitude, it is the awn. Send flowers to the God of Flowers and welcome the God of Flowers to the Flower Festival on the second day of the second lunar month. It is almost May when the Ear Grain Festival begins, and the flowers begin to wither and fall. Folks often hold rituals to worship the Flower God on the Ear Grain Festival, to bid farewell to the Flower God, and to express their gratitude to the Flower God and hope to meet again in the coming year.
Summer Solstice is the tenth solar term among the 24 solar terms.
June 21st or 22nd every year is the summer solstice. On the summer solstice, the sun reaches the northernmost position of the year, almost directly hitting the Tropic of Cancer (23 26′ 28″ 44 north latitude). The day in the northern hemisphere is the longest and gets longer as you go north. On the summer solstice, it is common in all parts of Shandong To eat cold noodles, commonly known as Guoshuishui, there is a proverb of "Winter Solstice Dumplings and Summer Solstice Noodles". New wheat is recommended on the summer solstice in Laiyang, Yantai, and new wheat grains are cooked and eaten in Huangxian (now Longkou City, Yantai), and children braid it with wheat straw. Fishing a delicate little fish into your mouth again and again in the soup is not only eating wheat grains, but also a kind of game, which is very interesting of farm life.
Xiaoshu is one of the 24 solar terms. The eleventh solar term of Xiaoshu is when the sun reaches 105 celestial longitude on July 7 or 8 every year. In ancient my country, Xiaoshu was divided into three periods: "the first period is when the warm wind arrives; the second period is when the warm wind arrives; Crickets live in the house; eagles and birds of prey are the first to watch for the third time. "During the Xiaoshu season, there is no longer a cool breeze on the earth, but all the winds carry heat waves. You can grow radish and vegetables in the first volts, and you can also grow buckwheat in the third volts; dumplings and noodles in the first volts, and pancakes and eggs in the third volts. Eating dumplings is a traditional custom. People lose their appetite in Furi and tend to be thinner than usual. This is commonly known as the bitter summer. In traditional customs, dumplings are an appetizing food. In some places in Shandong, raw cucumbers and boiled eggs are eaten to cure the bitter summer. , eat eggs and no other food in the morning of Fu.
Great Heat is the twelfth solar term in the 24 solar terms.
It falls on July 23 or 24 every year. , the sun reaches 120 celestial longitude. The folk customs of the Great Heat solar term are mainly reflected in food. The folk dietary customs during this period are roughly divided into two types: one is to eat cold food to relieve the heat. There is a popular Guangdong proverb in southeastern Hunan: June. If you eat fairy grass during the hot summer, you will live like a god and never grow old.
Xiancao, also known as "Jiangfencao", has magical relieving effects. The "Shao Xiancao" made from it is similar to Guiling jelly in appearance, taste and efficacy. In Taiwan, there is a custom of eating pineapples during the hot summer, because pineapples are the most delicious during this season.
Beginning of Autumn is the 13th solar term among the 24 solar terms.
The beginning of autumn falls on August 8 or 9 every year. "Autumn" means the end of summer and the beginning of autumn. It is popular among the people to weigh people on a hanging scale on the day of Beginning of Autumn and compare their weight with that of Beginning of Summer. Because people have little appetite in summer and eat light and simple meals. After two or three months, they will lose a little weight. With the autumn wind, my appetite is whetted, and I want to eat something good to add a little nutrition and compensate for the losses in summer. The way to make up for it is to "post autumn fat": various kinds of meat on the day of the Beginning of Autumn, such as stewed meat, roasted meat, braised pork, etc. , "put meat on fat".
End of Heat is the 14th solar term among the 24 solar terms.
Every year around August 23 (August 22-24), when the sun reaches 150 celestial longitude, it is the end of the twenty-four solar terms. Worshiping ancestors and welcoming autumn. Folk customs before and after the summer solar term are mostly related to worshiping ancestors and welcoming autumn. Before and after the end of the summer heat, there will be folk activities to celebrate the Ghost Festival, commonly known as "July Half" or "Hungry Ghost Festival". In the old days, folk people would have a ceremony to open the gate of ghosts from the beginning of July, and until the gate of ghosts was closed at the end of July, there would be a Purdue Almsgiving activity. In addition, after the summer heat, autumn is getting stronger, which is a good time for people to go out in the countryside to welcome the autumn scenery.
Bailu is the 15th solar term among the 24 solar terms.
At this time, the temperature began to drop, the weather turned cooler, and there was dew on the grass and trees in the morning. Every year around September 7th in the Gregorian calendar is Bailu. There is a traditional saying in Fuzhou that "you must eat longan when you have white dew". Eating longan on Bailu day has a miraculous effect of nourishing the body. Eating a longan on this day is equivalent to eating a chicken.
Autumn Equinox is the sixteenth solar term among the 24 solar terms.
The time is usually September 22 or 23 every year. The climate in the south begins with autumn from this solar term. The autumnal equinox was once a traditional "moon festival". There is a saying in ancient times that "spring offers sacrifices to the sun and autumn offers sacrifices to the moon." The current Mid-Autumn Festival comes from the traditional "Moon Festival". In many places, a kind of wild vegetable called "wild amaranth" is eaten during the autumnal equinox. In some places, it is also called "Autumn Green Artemisia". When the autumnal equinox arrives, the whole family goes to pick autumn vegetables. The harvested autumn vegetables are usually boiled with fish fillets in soup, and the stewed soup is called "autumn soup". There is a jingle that goes like this: "The autumn soup fills the internal organs and cleanses the liver and intestines. The whole family, old and young, is safe and healthy."
Cold dew ranks seventeenth among the 24 solar terms.
The festival takes place from October 8th to 9th every year. "Collection of the Seventy-Two Hours of the Moon Order" says: "On the ninth day of the ninth month, the dew is cold and will condense." Cold dew means that the temperature is lower than that of white dew, and the dew on the ground is colder and is about to condense into frost. If the weather turns cooler during the white dew season and dew begins to appear, then during the cold dew season, the dew will increase and the temperature will be lower. Frost will appear in some areas of our country at this time. In the north, it is already showing the scene of late autumn, with white clouds and red leaves, and occasional early frost. In the south, autumn is getting stronger, and the cicadas are still alive. The custom of climbing is more popular among Beijingers. Jingshan Park, Badachu, Xiangshan, etc. are all good places for climbing. The Double Nine Climbing Festival will attract many tourists.
Frost Descent, the eighteenth solar term among the 24 solar terms.
The weather is getting colder and there is frost. Frost's descent usually occurs on October 23 of each year in the Gregorian calendar. At this time, the first frost appeared in the Yellow River Basin of China, and most areas were busy sowing wheat and other crops. Frost's descent is the last solar term of autumn. During this period, many areas in my country have the custom of eating persimmons. As the saying goes, "If you eat persimmons during the frost, you won't have a runny nose."
Beginning of Winter is the nineteenth of the 24 solar terms.
On November 7th or 8th every year, the ancient folk custom of our country was the beginning of winter as the beginning of winter. Our country has a vast territory, except for the coast of South China, which has no winter all year round, and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which has a long winter and no summer. Outside the region, winter does not all start at the same time on Beginning of Winter. Eating dumplings: The Beginning of Winter solar term means harvesting in autumn and storing in winter. Our country used to be a farming society. People who worked for a year used the day of Beginning of Winter to take a rest and reward the family for their hard work over the past year. There is a proverb, "The beginning of winter makes up for the winter, and makes up for the empty mouth" is the best metaphor. In southern my country, people like to eat chicken, duck and fish at the beginning of winter. On the day of the beginning of winter in Taiwan, winter tonic restaurants such as "Mutton Stove" and "Ginger Duck" are full of customers. Many families also stew sesame oil chicken and Siwu chicken to replenish energy.
Xiaoxue, the twentieth solar term among the 24 solar terms.
Every year on November 22nd and 23rd, when the sun reaches 240 celestial longitude, it is light snow. "The Collection of the Seventy-Two Hours of the Moon Order" says: "In mid-October, it rains and is thinned by the cold air. , so it condenses into snow. "The temperature drops sharply after the light snow, and the weather becomes dry, which is a good time to process bacon. After the light snow solar term, some farmers began to make sausages and bacon to enjoy the delicious food during the Spring Festival.
In some places in the south, there is also the custom of eating glutinous rice cake in the tenth month of the lunar calendar. In ancient times, glutinous rice cake was a traditional festival offering in the south. It was first used by farmers to worship the cow god. There is a saying that "in the October Dynasty, glutinous rice cakes are burned in Lulu", which refers to the sacrificial event.
Heavy snow is the twenty-first solar term among the 24 solar terms.
On December 7 or 8 every year, the apparent sun reaches 255 degrees of celestial longitude. During the heavy snow season, there is already snow in the Yellow River Basin and the weather is cold. Jiangnan has just entered the midwinter season, and the temperature will drop significantly, the weather will be cold, and there may be first snow and ice. All regions should strengthen field management of spring flowering crops such as winter wheat and rapeseed, check seedlings to fill gaps, cultivate and loosen soil, apply seedling fertilizer early, and cultivate strong seedlings.
Winter Solstice is the 22nd solar term among the 24 solar terms.
It is a very important solar term in the Chinese lunar calendar and a traditional festival of the Chinese nation. The winter solstice is commonly known as "Winter Festival", "Changzhi Festival", "Yasui", etc., as early as 2500 Many years ago in the Spring and Autumn Period, China had used Tugui to observe the sun and determine the winter solstice. It was the earliest one of the twenty-four solar terms to be formulated. It falls between December 21st and 23rd of the Gregorian calendar every year. It is the shortest day and longest night in the whole year in the northern hemisphere. In most parts of northern China, there is also the custom of eating dumplings and glutinous rice balls in the south on this day. The proverb: When the winter solstice comes, eat dumplings. There are also poems and films about this solar term. work.
Xiaohan is the twenty-third solar term.
Between January 5-7, the Sun is at 285 celestial longitude. For China, Xiaohan marks the beginning of the coldest days of the year. Guangzhou tradition: Eat glutinous rice. Xiaohan eats glutinous rice in the morning. In order to avoid being too glutinous, it is usually 60% glutinous rice and 40% fragrant rice. Chop the bacon and sausages into small pieces and stir-fry them. Stir-fry the peanuts, add some chopped green onions, and mix in Eat it with rice.
Dahan is the last solar term of the twenty-four solar terms.
The Great Cold occurs around January 20 every year when the sun reaches 300 celestial longitude. Fifteen days after the Minor Cold, there will be the Great Cold, which is also the last solar term among the twenty-four solar terms in the whole year. At this time, people start to get busy removing the old and decorating with the new, pickling the New Year dishes, and preparing New Year's goods, because the most important festival for the Chinese people - the Spring Festival is coming. There is also a very important day for northerners - Laba, which is the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. On this day, people use whole grains plus peanuts, chestnuts, red dates, lotus seeds, etc. to make a pot of sweet and delicious Laba porridge, which is an indispensable staple food for people during the New Year.
Beginning of Spring
February 4th and 5th is the beginning of spring.
Rain
From February 18th to 20th, when winter turns to spring, the temperature begins to rise and the air humidity continues to increase, but cold air activities are still very frequent.
Waking of Insects
March 5th (6th) means that hibernating organisms that have been hibernating in the soil in winter begin to move. Before and after the Waking of Insects, it is cold and warm at first, and the temperature and wind change greatly.
Spring Equinox
Every year on March 20 (or 21), the sun shines directly on the equator, and the day and night are almost equal in length. Overwintering crops in vast areas of my country will enter the spring growth stage.
Qingming Festival
Every year on April 5th (or 4th), the temperature rises and the weather gradually becomes warmer.
Guyu
Around April 20, the rainfall increases, which is beneficial to the growth of cereals.
Beginning of Summer
May 5 or 6 is the "beginning of summer". All things grow and thrive. Also for the beginning of summer.
Xiaoman
May 20 or 21 is called "Xiaoman". The grains of summer-maturing crops such as wheat begin to be full at this time, but are not yet mature.
Mangzhong
Around June 6, the sun moves to 75 degrees of ecliptic longitude. Wheat and other awning crops are mature and seeds can be collected.
Summer Solstice
Around June 22, the sun shines directly on the Tropic of Cancer, and "the sun reaches the north, the sun reaches the longest, and the sun's shadow is short," hence the name "Summer Solstice."
Slight Heat
Around July 7, the summer heat begins, marking the entry of the hot season in most areas of our country.
Great Heat
Around July 23, it is around the time of mid-summer. This period is the hottest period of the year in most areas of our country, but there are also abnormal years where "the heat is not hot" and there is too much rain.
Beginning of Autumn
On August 7th or 8th, the vegetation begins to bear fruit, and it is the harvest season.
End of Heat
On August 23 or 24, "End" means the end. When the summer heat is about to end, the weather will become cooler. Since it is the time of autumn harvest, precipitation is very precious.
White Dew
Around September 8, due to the obvious shift of the direct sun point to the south, the temperature in various places dropped rapidly, the weather was cool, and the water vapor close to the ground formed white on the grass and trees at night. Dewdrops, hence the name "white dew".
Autumn Equinox
Around September 22, the direct sunlight point returns to the equator, making day and night equal in length.
Cold Dew
Around October 8th. At this time, the direct point of the sun continues to move south, the temperature in the northern hemisphere continues to drop, the weather becomes colder, and the dew is very cold, so it is called "cold dew wind".
Frost's Descent
Around October 23rd is the "Frost's Descent". The first frost period in the Yellow River Basin is generally in late October, which coincides with the "Frost's Descent" season. Frost will harm growing crops. Very big.
Beginning of Winter
Around November 7th every year.
Light Snow
Around November 22nd is the "Little Snow" solar term. The cold air in the north is strengthening, the temperature is dropping rapidly, and snowflakes appear in the precipitation. However, this is the first snow stage, the amount of snow is small, and the frequency is not many. Snow mostly falls after the "light snow" solar term in the Yellow River Basin.
Heavy snow
Around December 7th. At this time, the direct point of the sun is close to the Tropic of Capricorn, and the days are short and the nights are long in the northern hemisphere.
Winter Solstice
Around December 22, when the sun almost shines directly on the Tropic of Capricorn, the northern hemisphere forms the southern solstice, the short solstice, and the long shadow solstice, which becomes the time of year. The shortest day. After the winter solstice, the days in the northern hemisphere become longer and the temperature continues to drop, reaching the lowest temperature of the year.
Xiaohan
Around January 5, the climate starts to get cold.
Big Cold
Around January 20, it is the coldest time of the year.
The twenty-four solar terms originated from the Yellow River Basin. As far back as the Spring and Autumn Period, the four solar terms of mid-spring, mid-summer, mid-autumn and mid-winter were established. After continuous improvement and perfection, by the Qin and Han Dynasties, the twenty-four solar terms had been fully established. In 104 BC, the "Taichu Calendar" formulated by Deng Pingping officially included the twenty-four solar terms in the calendar and clarified the astronomical position of the twenty-four solar terms.
The time the sun takes every 15 degrees along the celestial longitude from zero degrees along the celestial longitude is called "a solar term." It runs 360 degrees every year and experiences 24 solar terms, 2 per month. Among them, the first solar term of each month is the "solar term", namely: the 12 solar terms of Beginning of Spring, Jingzhe, Qingming, Beginning of Summer, Mang Zhong, Xiaoshu, Beginning of Autumn, Bailu, Hanlu, Beginning of Winter, Heavy Snow and Xiaohan; the second solar term of each month is It is the "Zhongqi", which is the 12 solar terms: rain, vernal equinox, Grain Rain, Xiaoman, summer solstice, severe heat, extreme heat, autumnal equinox, frost, light snow, winter solstice and severe cold. "solar terms" and "zhong qi" appear alternately, each lasting 15 days. Now people have collectively referred to "solar terms" and "zhong qi" as "solar terms".
The twenty-four solar terms reflect the annual apparent movement of the sun, so the dates of the solar terms in the current Gregorian calendar are basically fixed. They fall on the 6th and 21st in the first half of the year, and on the 8th and 23rd in the second half of the year. The difference is 1 or 2 days.