Who can give me a special construction plan for safety?
High Slope Construction Safety Plan
1. Basis for preparation
1. "Tender Document for Contract Section X of Guiwu Expressway".
2. Relevant construction design drawings and technical explanations for contract section x of Guiwu Expressway.
3. There are relevant safety documents issued by Guiwu Company and the Supervision Office.
4. "Technical Regulations for Safety in Highway Engineering Construction".
5. "Technical Specifications for Highway Subgrade Construction".
6. "Explosion Safety Regulations".
2. Compilation scope
Construction of high slopes greater than 15m in the x contract section of Guiwu Expressway.
3. Preparation Principles
1. The principle of safety first
In the preparation of safety plans, always follow the principles of reliable technology, effective measures, reasonable construction sequence, and Determine the construction plan based on the principle of ensuring safety. Especially the construction safety of important links such as excavation, blasting, and prestressed anchoring of high slopes.
2. Adhere to the principles of norms and procedures
Implement the technical specifications for highway subgrade construction and the technical regulations for safe construction of highway projects. Implement the owner's requirements for various safety management measures, rules, and procedures for the construction of this project.
IV. Safety Objectives
The construction of the project is in full compliance with the "Technical Regulations for Safety in Highway Engineering Construction" and the "Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Safety Production in Highway Water Transport Projects (Ministry of Communications Order No. 1 in 2007)" requirements and other safety construction regulations.
1. Prevent work-related deaths.
2. No collapse or landslide accidents will occur.
3. There will be no injuries to construction workers caused by flying rocks or rolling stones during blasting.
4. Prevent road traffic interruptions, damage to pipelines, communications, and power pipelines caused by construction and other construction liability accidents.
5. On-site organizational structure
In view of the short construction time and heavy construction tasks of our bid section, our department has established a special leadership for production safety headed by project manager Cao Heen team to ensure effective control over the construction safety of various processes. The project department and each operation team have signed a responsibility letter for safety production goals. The engineering production target responsibility letter clearly clarifies safety production targets, targeted safety assurance measures, responsibilities of both parties, and reward and punishment methods. Establish a production safety assessment system for all levels, departments and personnel of the project department. Assessments are recorded in writing and reviewed regularly. The construction site is equipped with a full-time safety engineer responsible for managing safety production work. The project department's technical personnel, inspection personnel, construction team captains, and work squad leaders are part-time safety officers, assisting safety engineers in safety production work.
6. Overview of the high-slope roadbed project
There are four sections of high-slope roadbed in this bidding section, most of which are half-filled and half-excavated roadbeds, with open slopes. When digging, consider the soil condition, lithology, occurrence, structural fissures, weathering degree and thickness, weak interlayer, groundwater and other conditions and characteristics of the slope. When the stability of the stony slope is good, make the slope as steep as possible to reduce the amount of excavation. . The design adopts graded excavation and graded protection (reinforcement). According to the geological conditions, the slope of this section is generally from 1:0.5 for stone slopes to 1:1.5 for soil slopes.
The sections with slope excavation height greater than 15m in the bidding section include: K174+500~K174+600. The high slope on the right side of the line, the slope ratio of the first level is 1:1.25, and the second level is 1 :1.25, the third level is 1:1.50, the maximum slope height is about 24m, and the slope protection is a square frame grass slope protection; K174+900~K175+000 has a high slope on the left side of the line, a fifth-level slope, and the slope is higher than the top The next level is 1:1.00, the second level from the top is 1:1.00, the third level from the top is 1:0.75, and the remaining levels are 1:0.50. The maximum slope height is about 32m, and the slope protection is filled with concrete frames. Soil greening; the left side slope of K177+360~K177+500 line is high, the slope ratio of the top to the next level is 1:1.25, and the other levels are 1:1.00. The maximum slope height is about 40m, and the slope protection is grass shrubs. Protection; K181+610～K181+655 There are high slopes on both sides of the line. The slope ratio of the first level is 1:1.25, and the other levels are all 1:1.00. The maximum slope height is about 25m. The slope protection is a square frame grass slope protection. .
Engineering geological conditions: The road base section of this standard highway is a hilly landform, and the slope surface is silty clay and gravel-containing silty clay, gray-yellow, plastic to hard plastic. The main geology includes ordinary soil, argillaceous siltstone, shale interspersed with sandstone, and limestone. The fully weathered layer is weathered into an earthy state, the joints of the strongly weathered layer are developed, and the rock mass is broken into blocks; the weathered limestone is blue-grey, with more developed joints and fissures, interspersed with calcite veins, the rock is harder, the rock mass is broken, and it is sub-hard. stone.
7. Main hazard sources in construction and possible injuries
Main hazard sources in high slope construction: 1. Explosions caused during blasting and excavation operations;
2. Object strikes caused by falling rocks; 3. Falling from high altitudes caused by artificial slope construction (stone clearing, slope protection construction); 4. Mechanical injuries caused by mechanical construction.
Possible damage: It can cause serious injury or even death to the human body; it can cause damage to the machinery or even scrap it.
8. Safety technology for construction operations
The excavation of high slopes in the bid section is basically half-filled and half-excavated roadbed, and the upper covering layer of the excavation section is residual slope accumulation and fully weathered The thickness of the layer is relatively large, and it is easy to collapse after the vegetation is destroyed. The design adopts multi-level grading, and sets up platforms, intercepting ditches, etc.
(1) Technical requirements for excavation
1. Before excavation, a water intercepting ditch on the top of the slope must be prepared, especially during rainy season construction to ensure that the water intercepting ditch is completed
The drainage water will not cause harm to the underlying roadbed and excavation section.
2. Before excavation, the fill part should be cleaned and rolled to make it meet the design requirements.
It is convenient to use the excavation for on-site roadbed filling during excavation. Square construction reduces the complexity of overfilling afterwards.
3. Before the blasting operation, set up a 50cm high barrier at the shoulder of the filled roadbed.
Blast wall to prevent rolling stones from injuring people and property and causing damage to structures below the roadbed. threaten.
4. For blasting excavation, small and medium-sized blasting is used, and blasthole blasting is generally used in the bid section.
5. Before blasting operations, it is necessary to conduct topographic, geological and surrounding environmental surveys, determine the blasting plan, determine the step height, blast hole layout, charge calculation, detonation network design and calculation, etc. The process of the blasting construction phase: leveling the working surface, setting out holes, drilling, hole inspection, installation, filling, network connection, safety alert, command detonation, post-blasting inspection, and lifting the alert.
6. The construction of the blasting section should be carried out step by step from top to bottom. It is forbidden to dig out the soil by digging out the roots or digging the slope into a reverse slope, which will cause landslides and cause danger. .
7. After each blasting, the loose surrounding rock on the slope needs to be manually cleaned.
(2) Safety points for excavation on high slopes
1. Construction on high and steep slopes must comply with the following regulations:
1) Personnel working on the slope Seat belts must be worn;
2) If groundwater gushes out during slope excavation, it should be drained first and then excavated;
3) The excavation work should be consistent with the loading operation The surfaces are staggered with each other, and dual operations up and down are strictly prohibited;
4) Warning signs should be set up under the spoil and on roads within the danger range of rolling stones. During operation,
It is strictly prohibited to pass downhill. ;
5) Operators on slopes must remove loose soil and stones in a timely manner, and it is strictly prohibited to work, rest or store machinery under dangerous stones.
2. If signs of mountain sliding or collapse are found during construction that endanger construction safety, construction should be temporarily suspended, personnel and machinery should be evacuated, and reports should be reported to superiors for handling.
3. When constructing in rockfall and rock pile areas, dangerous rocks should be cleared and interception facilities should be installed before excavation.
The slope of the excavation surface should be carried out according to the design, and loose stones on the slope should be removed while digging. Before large machinery enters the site, it should be checked whether the clear width and bearing capacity of the roads and bridges it passes are sufficient. Otherwise, they should be widened and reinforced first.
4. When machinery is operating in dangerous areas, obvious safety warning signs must be set up, and designated personnel should be stationed where operators can see clearly. Pilots can only accept prescribed signals from the commander.
5. When the soil is unstable, collapses, water levels surge, flash floods occur during construction, or blasting signals are heard in
blasting warning areas, work should be stopped immediately and people Evacuate to a safe location. When
there is a traffic jam at the work site, a vehicle (machine) is stuck on the ground, the road where the machinery is running is slipping, the protective facilities are damaged or ineffective, or the working surface is insufficient to ensure safe operation, the construction should also be suspended until it can be resumed. Construction can continue after normal operation.
6. Drivers of various construction machinery and equipment must pass on-the-job training and examinations and then hold
certificates to work, abide by the operating procedures of the machinery, and drive correctly.
(3) Safety points for blasting operations
1. Stone blasting operations, as well as the management, processing, transportation, inspection and destruction of blasting equipment
All should be implemented in accordance with the current national "Explosion Safety Regulations" (GB6722-2003).
2. When selecting a gun position, the blasthole opening should avoid facing wires, intersections and structures.
3. When drilling blastholes, the pumice and dangerous rocks on the slope should be cleared. The tools and machinery used for drilling holes must be inspected in detail to ensure they are in good condition. The high-air compressor must be started in a no-load state. It is strictly forbidden to drill holes in the remaining eyes.
4. Explosive equipment must be strictly managed and actual sales must be reported. Remaining explosive materials must be
returned to the warehouse on the same day. Private collection and littering are strictly prohibited. If you find that explosive equipment is lost or stolen, you should report it immediately and wait for processing.
5. The number of detonators and explosives required for an excavation section shall be applied by the blasting officer of the construction team within 1 hour before blasting, signed by the team leader, and reported to the project department director After approval by the Deputy Safety Manager, Director of the Construction Site
Police Station, and Director of Safety, the Materials Department will develop a manifest, and then the blasters and safety personnel will go to the warehouse to collect it. Only then can the warehouse manager Issue and carry out corresponding outbound registration.
When transporting blasting equipment, it should avoid crowded areas and be sent directly to the construction site without stopping in the middle.
They must not be stored anywhere or taken into dormitories.
7. Within half an hour after the blasting is completed, the remaining blasting equipment must be returned to storage and is strictly prohibited
from storage at the construction site or in temporary warehouses.
8. It is strictly prohibited to use dump trucks, dump trucks, trailers, tractors, motor tricycles, man-powered tricycles, bicycles, motorcycles and belt conveyors to transport blasting equipment.
9. Workers are strictly prohibited from wearing chemical fiber clothes during storage, processing, and transportation.
10 According to the surrounding environmental conditions within the bidding section, small blasting with electric detonators will be used. The installation and initiation of blasting
should comply with the following regulations:
1 ) The blastholes should be inspected and cleaned before charging; the newly drilled blastholes should be cooled before charging, and the wet blastholes should be dried before charging;
2) Fireworks and open flame lighting are strictly prohibited; Irrelevant personnel should evacuate the scene;
3) Wooden cannon sticks should be used for charging, and metal containers are strictly prohibited for charging; when deep hole charging is blocked
if no detonators are installed, , before detonating the explosive column, long copper and wooden poles can be used;
4) It is strictly prohibited to throw or impact the installed explosive package (column) and nitroglycerine explosives;
< p>5) Blasting without plugging is not allowed, nor is it allowed to use stones and flammable materials to fill blast holes;It is not allowed to tamp the plugging materials that are in direct contact with the explosive packets or use the plugging materials to impact the explosive packets, nor It is not allowed to directly fill the deep hole with a wooden wedge after loading the detonating explosive package; the detonating line must not be damaged when filling the blast hole.
6) Electric detonators of the same manufacturer and model must be used on the same blasting network, and their resistance values
should not exceed the specified value (should be controlled within ±0.2Ω);
7) The main line of the blasting network should be well insulated. The connection of the blasting network must be carried out after all blast holes have been filled and all irrelevant personnel have evacuated to a safe place; the connection should be carried out in sequence from the working surface to the detonating station. The contacts of the two wires should be staggered by 10cm, and the contacts must be firm and well insulated.
8) The keys to the detonation switch box and detonator must be kept strictly by the person in charge of the blasting work during the entire blasting operation and must not be given to others;
9) Installation After the explosive package is installed, all power sources at the working surface must be removed; non-electrical detonation methods should be used during thunderstorm seasons. It is prohibited to fire cannon at night, in heavy fog, heavy rain, strong wind, or in thunder and lightning weather.
10) The loaded blastholes must be blasted on duty, and the number of loaded blastholes should be limited to the amount of work required for one blast
.
11) Blasting work must be directed by dedicated personnel. The boundaries of the determined danger zone should be clearly marked
and warning personnel must be posted around the warning zone. People and animals in the warning area must be evacuated, and construction machinery and equipment should be properly placed.
12) After the blasting is completed, the blasting crew will inspect the blasting site. Construction workers can only enter the site if there is no blind blast.
13) When dealing with blind guns, the cause must first be identified, all work near them should be stopped, and reliable treatment measures should be studied
. Under normal circumstances, re-open, install and detonate in the same direction at a distance of 60cm.
14) If blasting affects nearby buildings or facilities, it is necessary to install flying rock interception barriers
.
(4) Key points for safe construction of high slope protection projects
1. For slope protection operations, solid scaffolding must be erected for the foundation and scaffolding
Materials, fasteners or connectors must be carefully inspected and used only after they are qualified.
2. The tools used to manually lift stones and move mortar, concrete and other materials must be strong and reliable, such as ropes, baskets, buckets, etc.
3. The construction of skeleton beams should be carried out from bottom to top, and the lifting springboard should be strong and equipped with anti-slip strips.
4. Setting anchors or joints should be done from top to bottom. It is strictly prohibited to walk on the slope after construction.
A ladder should be installed when going up and down.
5. The construction platform of the anchor cable hole construction drilling rig should be subjected to stress verification.
6. Necessary safety protection measures should be taken during the construction of slope protection projects, such as setting up safety
protection interception nets. It is prohibited to cross the upper and lower floors during construction.
9. Various safety measures for high slope construction
1. Safety measures for construction machinery and equipment
The layout of mechanical and electrical equipment must be reasonable and must be When installing safety protection devices, operators must strictly abide by safe operating procedures and conduct a comprehensive safety inspection of equipment before operation. Mechanical equipment is strictly prohibited from operating without malfunction.
When bulldozers, loaders and excavators are operating, dedicated personnel should be assigned to command and guide to prevent injuries to personnel. Construction machinery and electrical equipment should be regularly inspected and maintained, tested, and inspected daily in accordance with regulations. Anyone who does not meet the requirements is strictly prohibited. use.
2. Safety measures for falling and object impact
High slope operations should mainly cause construction workers to fall and dangerous rocks on the slope to impact construction workers. Therefore, slope construction workers must wear personal safety protection equipment during the construction process, and construction workers with a small range of activities must also fasten safety ropes; for those who transport materials up and down, a safety net should be installed in the transport channel for protection. All personnel entering the construction site must wear safety helmets as required, abide by regulations and obey instructions; strengthen safety and security, and prohibit idle personnel from entering the construction site. For dangerous rocks and loose rocks on the slope, special personnel should be arranged to remove them in a timely manner and be directed by special personnel. Cleaners must wear safety ropes, stand in a stable and safe position above them, and use crowbars to clean.
3. Set up safety signs at the construction site
Dangerous cliffs, steep slopes, dangerous rocks, etc. in the construction site should have protective facilities or danger warning signs (including safety reminder signs and safety signs) wait) . Warning signs should be set up in hidden danger areas such as corners, steep slopes, and narrow areas on the walking paths for machinery and equipment.
4. Safety management of blasting equipment
During the transportation, use and storage of blasting equipment, the safety management regulations on pyrotechnics
must be strictly implemented , In addition to locating explosives warehouses and detonator warehouses away from residential areas in accordance with regulations
, special personnel should be arranged to guard them and a safety responsibility contract should be signed. Blasting operations must be carried out by blasters, who are responsible for the safe management of civil explosives before use.
5. Strictly implement the safety inspection system
Daily and regular safety inspection systems must be implemented. The full-time safety officer of the project department insists on daily safety inspections, educates and punishes those who violate various safety regulations, investigates potential safety hazards, and orders the construction team to make rectifications if problems are found. Organize regular safety inspections, guide and supervise the construction team to do a good job in safety management.
6. Technical training for special technical workers
Special technical personnel in construction shall conduct special operations in accordance with the "Regulations on the Management of Safety Technical Assessment of Special Operators
" Including: electrical work, blasting operations, transport vehicles, excavators, loaders, bulldozers, etc. Before taking up the job, the type of work must undergo professional training, pass the examination before being allowed to operate, and hold a certificate to work; non-drivers are strictly prohibited from driving or operating machinery to prevent The occurrence of a crash or rollover.
7. Pre-job safety education
Conduct targeted safety production education for safety personnel of various types of work before taking up the job, correctly understand the dialectical relationship between production and safety, and conscientiously implement the safety production policy ; New workers must be educated on the basic knowledge of production safety. For engineering construction projects that are prone to accidents, safe operation training must be conducted. They must be assessed to confirm that they have mastered the essentials of safe operation techniques before they can work independently.
Safety Measures for High Slope Excavation
1. The excavation of soil and stone should strictly follow the top-down procedure, first removing dangerous rocks and landslides, and then excavation. During construction, it is strictly prohibited to dig the slope into a reverse slope.
2. Excavation of the landslide section should be carried out in layers from both sides of the landslide body to the middle and from top to bottom. It is strictly prohibited to carry out comprehensive trench excavation, and spoil soil shall not be piled in the main landslide area. Special personnel should be assigned to observe during construction to prevent landslides.
3. When excavating near the edge of other buildings or near electric poles, cables, wires, wind and water pipes, etc., specific safety protection measures should be formulated based on the actual situation, and dedicated personnel should be assigned to the site to monitor and control the work. Guidance on homework.
4. Unfavorable geological structures such as faults, fissures, and fractured zones that appear on the slope must be dealt with in a timely manner to avoid treatment after forming a high slope.
5. In addition to strictly complying with blasting safety regulations, excavation and blasting operations must also organize blasting tests based on the geological conditions of the site, select reasonable blasting parameters, and insist on continuously optimizing blasting designs to prevent Blasting damage to slope rock mass and surrounding buildings.
6. The blasting effect must be checked after each blasting to eliminate potential safety hazards. Squibs found must be handled in accordance with relevant gun discharge procedures and requirements.
A comprehensive inspection of the excavated tunnel face should be carried out. If loose rocks are found scattered on the slope and unstable stones on the roadside are found, they should be removed in time. If unstable and dangerous rock mass occurs, the on-site supervision engineer must be reported promptly for technical treatment.
7. Blasting operations require a certificate. When blasting, a dedicated person should be assigned to direct the blast, and the blast can only be initiated after all personnel and equipment have been evacuated to a safe area.
8. When excavation of ladder sections is carried out on high slopes, protective measures such as slag retaining walls should be installed on the construction platform or horse track.
9. Construction must be carried out strictly according to the designed slope slope. Slope cutting must be carried out as the progress progresses. It is strictly prohibited to cut the slope after forming a large height difference.
10. Personnel cutting slopes and excavating dangerous rocks must master safe construction methods. It is strictly forbidden to stand under rocks prone to landslides while digging with a skid, and it is strictly forbidden to dig up and down on the same section at the same time. Excavation operations should be conducted during daylight hours.
11. Personnel and machinery are strictly prohibited from entering below the excavation working surface. In addition to obvious safety warnings, special personnel should be assigned to monitor the site.
12. As the excavation of high slopes proceeds, it is necessary to follow up and form a slope drainage system to prevent damage to construction water, rainwater and groundwater, causing slope instability. It is necessary to protect while excavating. It is forbidden to excavate the third layer and then protect the first layer.
13. Corresponding safety measures should be taken and set up at dangerous parts around the high-slope excavation site and on the working surface, at slag discharge intersections, and in situations where karst caves, ground seams, geological exploration holes, etc. may be encountered. Safety signs and necessary safety precautions. If it is necessary to set up security checkpoints, it must be ensured that they are implemented every shift.
14. When entering the construction site, a safe passage must be provided for construction workers. Handrails and anti-slip measures should be provided on ladders going up and down. A rest platform should be set up in the middle of higher ladders. Illegal climbing is strictly prohibited.
15. During construction, the stability of the slope must be closely monitored. If any abnormal changes are found, they must be reported immediately. Weathered and dangerous rocks must be removed promptly.
16. The width, slope, and turning radius of the temporary machine road entering the working surface must meet the specification requirements. If it is damaged during construction, it must be repaired in time to ensure the safety of machinery and transportation vehicles. .
17. When building a machine track on a steep slope, the safety of the machine must be ensured. If the working level of construction machinery cannot be met, manual repairs must be made first, and mechanical work must not be forced.
18. It is strictly prohibited to rest on dangerous slopes or cliffs. It is strictly prohibited to erect temporary facilities and houses under high slopes.