What's the difference between bean moth and sweet potato moth?
Bean moth
Bean moth
classify
Lycopodiaceae/Lepidoptera
Appearance characteristics
The spreading width is 1 05 ~120 mm. The main feature is that there are1dark brown longitudinal stripes in the center of the chest and back. The upper wing is relatively simple brown, and there are 1 small triangular dark brown spots at the wing end. There is no obvious difference between men and women. Similar species are snake grape and ginkgo snake grape.
Ecological habit
Adults appear from April to 10 and live in flat to medium altitude mountainous areas. There is phototaxis at night.
Bean moths are mainly distributed in Huanghuai basin, Yangtze River basin and South China. The main host plants are soybean, mung bean, cowpea and locust.
Harmful symptoms
Bean moths feed on soybean leaves with larvae, younger larvae eat into meshes and nicks, and older larvae eat more. In severe cases, legumes can be eaten as polished rods, making them unable to bear pods.
Living habits
Spodoptera litura occurs 1 ~ 2 generations every year, 1 generation in Huanghuai basin, and 2 generations in Yangtze River basin and South China. The last larvae overwinter in the soil with a depth of 9 ~ 12 cm, and the overwintering places are mostly in the sunny places such as bean fields and nearby mounds and ridges.
Adults lie down during the day, come out at night, live among lush crop stalks during the day and start to move at night. Strong flying ability, able to fly at long distance and high altitude. Have the habit of eating nectar, and have a strong tendency to black light. Most eggs are scattered on the back of bean leaves, and a few are produced on the front of leaves and stems. Each leaf can produce 1 ~ 2 eggs.
Newly hatched larvae are backlit and lurk on the back of leaves during the day. 1 ~ 2 instar larvae generally do not switch to plants, and 3 ~ 4 instar larvae have the habit of switching to plants because of the increase of food intake. In the second generation area, the first generation larvae mainly harm spring-sown soybeans, while the second generation larvae mainly harm summer-sown soybeans.
During pupation and eclosion, if the rainfall is moderate and evenly distributed, it will be serious. If there is too much rain, the occurrence period will be delayed, and the dry weather is not conducive to the occurrence of bean moths. In places with dense plants, low terrain and fertile soil, siltation is more serious. Different soybean varieties suffer from different degrees, especially those with early maturity, soft stems and leaves, high protein content and high fat content. The natural enemies of the bean moth are Trichogramma, parasitic flies, lacewings, ladybugs and so on. It has certain control effect on the occurrence of bean moth.
Prevention and cure method
1. Agricultural control
(1) Choose insect-resistant varieties. When planting soybeans, choose varieties with late maturity, hard stems, thick skin and strong waterlogging tolerance, which can reduce the harm of moths.
(2) timely autumn ploughing and winter irrigation to reduce the wintering base.
(3) Rice-upland rotation, avoiding continuous cropping of leguminous plants as far as possible, can reduce the harm.
4. Physical prevention and control
Using the strong phototaxis of adults and setting black light to trap and kill adults can reduce the amount of eggs laid in soybean fields.
3. Biological control
The solution is diluted by 500-700 times with Bacillus or Cordyceps (spore content per gram is 80- 1000 billion), and 50 kilograms of bacterial liquid is used per mu.
4. Chemical control
(1) 2.5% trichlorfon powder or 2% carbaryl powder shall be used for powder spraying, and 2 ~ 2.5kg shall be sprayed per mu.
⑵ Spray 90% crystal trichlorfon 800 ~ 1000 times, or 45% malathion EC 1000 times, or 50% phoxim EC 1500 times, or 5000 times of 2.5 deltamethrin emulsion, and spray 75 kg of liquid medicine per mu.
Doudan, a local delicacy.
In Guanyun, there is a small animal, commonly known as Doudan, which is a local specialty food.
Doudan, the scientific name of Doutian moth, is an insect that feeds on bean leaves and nectar and grows in a natural non-toxic and pollution-free state. High protein and low fat have the effect of warming the stomach. It has a beautiful figure, similar to a silkworm. The adult is about 5 cm long, tender green, with a dark head and a tail horn at the tail. There are seven pairs of white lines on both sides from the first abdominal section. It harms bean leaves and gnaws holes. In severe cases, plants will become bare stems and cannot bear pods.
Although Doudan is the natural enemy of soybean, its pulp is non-toxic and harmless, and it is an excellent high-protein food. The prepare dish is very delicious, and has special curative effect on treating stomach cold disease and malnutrition. After the bean peony bark is fried, it is sprayed with crispy fragrance and tastes excellent. Doudan can be eaten in a variety of ways, such as stewing, making soup, frying and frying raw skins, all of which are delicious.
Southerners think it is a bug, and generally dare not eat it or don't want to eat it. Only after they have tasted it will they praise it. Nowadays, Doudan has become popular in high-end restaurants in Huaihai area, and it is no longer exclusive to Guanyun. But its practice and taste are mainly Guan Yun. Especially in winter, after the beans are dug out of the bean fields, how to get rid of the rustic flavor in the soil and make it more delicious is a skill of chef Guan Yun.
As it only grows in summer, things are scarce, so it is said that Doudan has reached 400 yuan/Bowl in the local area.
Guanyun Doudan is a natural organic food, which is extremely delicious and unforgettable. It is one of the most representative local specialties in Lianyungang, and it is known as "rare in the whole country, only in northern Jiangsu, and unique in Guanyun".
Herse Convolvulvululi Spinning Primitive Man
[Chinese name] Sweet potato moth
[Alias] Conifer moth, sweet potato moth and sweet potato leaf moth
[Objective] Lepidoptera
Misguridae
[Moderator] Sweet potatoes, grapes and mung beans
【 Hazard characteristics 】 Larvae feed on leaves, which affects the growth and development of crops. In recent years, the damage of this insect in North China and East China has become more and more serious.
[Function Description]
The adult is 50mm long and has a wingspan of 90-120 mm. The body and wings are dark gray; The shoulder plate has a black longitudinal line; The back of the abdomen is gray with white, red and black lines on both sides. 5. The inner, middle and outer horizontal lines of the front wing are two dark brown sharp serrated belts with black diagonal corners; There are four dark brown horizontal bands on the hind wings, and the white and dark brown hairs on the edges are mixed together. Oval, 2mm in diameter, yellow-green. The mature larvae are 50-702nm long and have two body colors: one is khaki on the back, yellow-green on the side, mixed with thick black spots, gray-white twill on the side, with red pores and black wheels outside; The other body knife is green, with yellowish head, white twill and apricot tail. The pupa is 56 mm long, vermilion to dark red, snout-shaped, extended and curled into an oval long ring, which is connected with the body. The wings reach the end of the fourth abdominal segment.
[law of occurrence]
There are 1 or 2 generations in Beijing and 3 generations in South China. The mature larvae overwinter in the soil with a depth of 5- 10 cm. In Beijing, adults appeared in May of 10 or early of 10, with strong phototaxis and scattered eggs on the back of leaves. Larvae damage can be seen in South China at the end of May, and it occurs in September-65438+1October. Larvae eat leaves and tender stems of Cai Rong, while old larvae eat a lot. In severe cases, they will eat all the leaves, leaving only the old stems. The egg stage is 5-6 days, the larval stage is 7- 1 1 day, and the pupal stage is 14 days.
[Control Method]
When necessary, spraying 1500 times of 30% chlorfenapyr EC, 2,000 times of 2.5% deltamethrin EC or 600 times of Bt emulsion has better control effect than phoxim, malathion and dichlorvos.
[geographical distribution]
whole country