Mystery of Zhuge Liang's tomb
Zhuge Liang will recruit eight foot soldiers, and first ask four people to make it clear; "After my death, as soon as it was dark, I disguised the body, quietly transported it to a mountainous area more than ten kilometers outside the city, dug a hole and buried it casually. After being buried, each of you should smear dust on your face, put on your hat, drag your shoes backwards, hold lanterns in your hands, and shout' Zhuge Liang is coming' when you are about to enter the city. " Zhuge Liang also stressed that if you don't do this, you will be assassinated. After the explanation, Zhuge Liang called the other four foot soldiers and gave them a handwritten note.
A few days before Zhuge Liang died, he divided the eight foot soldiers into two classes, and four people took turns to take care of them. Each group had its own tasks. Don't reveal it. A few days later, Zhuge Liang died. That night, eight foot soldiers obeyed his orders, and four foot soldiers disguised his body, dragged it out of the city and buried it in a designated place. On the way back, the four men dressed up like this, not to mention that they were assassinated, but to frighten the pedestrians along the road out of their wits. As they approached the city gate, four people began to shout, "Zhuge Liang is coming ..."
At this time, the sentry waiting at the gate heard the shouts. At first glance, there are four black shadows, and it is difficult to tell whether they are people or ghosts. Hats, clothes and shoes are not properly worn. Needless to say, four sentries came forward together and hacked them to death with a knife. When they came forward to collect the body, they found that four other foot soldiers were caring for Zhuge Liang. Afraid of asking questions, they all ran away with all the money Zhuge Liang gave them. These four sentries were four foot soldiers arranged by Zhuge Liang before his death. After Zhuge Liang's death, four foot soldiers took orders and went to the city gate to replace the sentry. And frankly; "An hour later, four' demons' broke into the city, and you have to kill it. Otherwise, there is no doubt that you will die. " As a result, the four soldiers who buried Zhuge Liang returned to the city and died unconsciously by the sword of the sentinel soldiers. In other words, it is a mystery where Zhuge Liang's tomb is buried.
In addition, Jiang Wei went to visit Zhuge Liang's illness in his account. When he saw that the whole room was empty, Jiang Wei was a very calculating person. When he knew what was going on, he didn't pursue it. Zhuge Liang also said many times before his death that his life, a Battle of Red Cliffs, a seven-capture Meng Huo and two battles, caused hundreds of thousands of casualties, and all of them were terrible, which cost him many years of life. Sima yi also swore an oath; Now that Zhuge Liang is dead, I want you to cut to pieces. So Zhuge Liang knew that it was not convenient to expose the body after death.
Jiang Wei lost Zhuge Liang's body, but how to bury it was in a dilemma. Suddenly, he remembered the kit that Zhuge Liang gave him before his death and opened it. This was done according to Zhuge Liang's arrangement before his death.
Sima Yi was both happy and sorry to learn of Zhuge Liang's death. The good news is that he lacks a tough opponent, but it is a pity that he must defeat Zhuge Liang's boasting Haikou. One day, Sima Yi, armed to the teeth, came to Zhuge Liang's grave with a big knife and knelt on his knees in front of Zhuge Liang's grave. When he tried to stand up, his legs couldn't move and two guards didn't pull him up. Sima yi was furious and shouted; "You are a dead Zhuge Liang, but what can I do?" . He knocked down the tombstone with one hand, and a book was revealed in it. Sima Yi took a look. Every page has written a thick book, "The Death of Sima Yi" and "The Tomb of Sima Yi". He flipped through the book with his fingers and licked his fingers with his tongue. Soon, Sima Yi died of poisoning.
Zhuge Liang was unwilling to get rid of Sima Yi before his death. He instructed Jiang Wei to set up a fake cemetery. The terrain here is open, which is not conducive to ambush soldiers, and it is also convenient for Sima Yi to approach. Sima Yi has a big heart. If he doesn't do this, he won't be fooled easily. There is a big magnet buried in front of the fake tomb. I thought Sima Yi would come to the tomb in full armor. After smoking him, he will get angry and push down the tombstone. When he saw the words in the book, he was even more depressed. After reading it constantly, the poisonous poison painted on every page of the book was continuously inhaled by Sima Yi and finally died of poisoning. As a result, Sima Yi, who was cautious and cunning, died in Zhuge Liang's hands. Speaking of why Cao Cao and his daughter-in-law linked the mausoleum together, talking about how more than a thousand years have passed since Cao Cao was buried, the real mausoleum has not been found, and maybe people will never find it. This article will talk about the graves of Cao Cao's sworn enemies Zhuge Liang and his brother Zhu Gejin.
The Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty, and the Southern and Northern Dynasties were the longest period of social unrest in China's history. Due to the rise of princes, fierce competition and frequent wars, the tombs in this period have the following characteristics: various forms of tombs, extremely rampant grave robbery activities, and various legends spread like wildfire.
Suspected burial and secret burial are the most common forms of funeral in this period. Many celebrities have adopted this form. In the Sixteen Countries of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, after the death of the emperors Schleswig-Holt and Shi Hu, there were suspicious tombs. Later, someone robbed the second tomb of Shishi, but it was empty.
About its suspicious tombs, Nakano Ji wrote:
Xerox Mausoleum is located 30 miles southwest of Cheng Xiangguo. It's called Gaoling. There are no walls or trees. There are five magnificent buildings and a statue of Minister Anzan Le Tu. In the majestic east, there is a mausoleum, and the Tiger Mausoleum is located in the northwest corner of Ye. Because it was buried in Yeh, the city was sealed, so it is unknown. Or the clouds were dug, and both tombs were fake burials. Schleswig and the tiger were buried in the deep mountains.
After the death of Schleswig-Holstein's mother, Wang, she also adopted a secret burial method for fear that political enemies would steal and destroy the grave.
After the death of Southern Yan Murong De, his burial mode was "more than ten coffins at night, divided into four doors, and buried in the valley", which made future generations "wonder where he was".
The most mysterious story about secret burial is Zhu Gekongming, an outstanding politician in the Three Kingdoms period.
Legend has it that Zhuge Liang accidentally kicked out the lamp because Wei Yan broke into the camp at night, and the method of prolonging life was destroyed. He has been ill ever since. On his deathbed, he wrote a suicide note to Queen Liu Chan, asking him to put the body in a coffin and carry it to the south by four soldiers. The bar broke, and the place where the rope broke was his burial place.
Does Liu Can Chen disagree with the last words of the Prime Minister who made great contributions to Shu Han? So he ordered four strong men in Kansai to carry his coffin all the way south. After a day and a night of lifting, the four men finally lost their strength, but at this time, the bar was not broken and the rope was not rotten. The four conspired to discuss: "When the Prime Minister died, the imperial court sent my brothers to wander around this deep forest with them on their backs, without even a guard. Who are we working for? Just dig a hole here and bury it! " So Zhuge Liang's coffin was dug up and buried on the spot. After returning, they reported to Liu Chan that they would bury the coffin of the Prime Minister in a rotten place. After listening to the report, Liu Chan felt something was wrong. How could it be broken so soon? So he arrested four people and questioned them severely. The four strong men couldn't stand the pain of flesh and blood and had to confess. Liu Chan was furious because he cheated you and killed four people. However, after the four strong men were killed, the world no longer knew the burial place of Zhuge Liang.
This story should end here. However, in order to render Zhuge Liang's wit, later generations thought that all this was expected by Zhuge Liang, because Kong Ming had long expected that Shu would be destroyed by Sima after his death, and Sima would dig his grave after Shu's death, so he "directed" the play after his death to ensure his peace after his death.
Both Cao Cao and Kong Ming took secret measures to deal with the aftermath, but the former was considered as a kind of "treachery" and the latter was understood as "tact", and its subtleties were worth pondering by future generations.
Located at the foot of Dingjun Mountain in Mianxian County, southern Shaanxi Province, Zhuge Wuhou Tomb Hall, photo by Yang Xueyan.
Zhuge Liang relied on Hanzhong to revive the Han industry all his life, leaving a reputation of "doing his best until he died", but where his real grave is has never been found by future generations, leaving them with infinite reverie. There is a tomb of marquis of Wu in the south of Shaanxi, which is said to be Zhuge Liang's final resting place. After the fifth defeat of Wei, he broke down from overwork and died in the former army. According to his orders, Han Shu imperial court buried him at the foot of Dingjun Mountain (now Dingjun Mountain in Mianxian County). But this is not a real burial place.
Outside the tomb and temple of Zhuge Wuhou in Mianxian County, Shaanxi Province, photo by Yang Xueyan.
The most peculiar thing about Wuhou tomb is two tall osmanthus trees beside Wuhou tomb, which is called "double osmanthus trees to protect the tomb" in history. They are located in front of the tomb, just like two guards guarding Zhuge Liang's tomb. This tree is 19 m high and 1 m in diameter. It was planted in the Three Kingdoms period. The photo was taken by Yang Xueyan.
Because Zhuge Liang assisted Liu Bei in establishing the Shu-Han regime, and the official was the Prime Minister Wu Xianghou, people have called this cemetery Wuhou Temple for thousands of years. The earliest temple of Wuhou was built near the tomb of Wuhou, at the foot of Dingjun Mountain, and it was not until the Ming Dynasty that the temple site was rebuilt in its present position. It is said that Wuhou Temple in southern Shaanxi is the only Zhuge Liang Temple built by the emperor (Liu Chan, queen of Shu Han), which is 50 years earlier than Wuhou Temple in Chengdu.
The double monument in front of Zhuge Liang's tomb. The one on the left was built in Wu Jia during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, and the one on the right was built in the 13th year of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty. The plaque reads "Sweet osmanthus fragrance".
Judging from the secret burial and secrecy of tombs, it has to be said that enemies Cao Cao and Zhuge Liang in the Three Kingdoms period are really rare in the world.
Two tall osmanthus trees beside the tomb of Wuhou under Dingjun Mountain. Historically, it was called "Shuanggui", also known as "Shuanggui Liuxiang", which was located in front of the tomb, just like two guards guarding Zhuge Liang's tomb. This tree is 19 m high and 1 m in diameter. It is said that it was planted 1700 years ago when Zhuge Wuhou died. There are cypress trees around the grave. There were originally 54 trees, but after years of tempering, only 20 trees remained.
Like Cao Cao and Zhuge Liang, the tombs of emperors, prime ministers, civil servants, military commanders, bureaucrats and celebrities have a much more tragic fate. During the historical turning point of the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the people were poor, and it was difficult to count the tombs scattered around. Many tombs of celebrities were stolen alone.
In Wuhou Temple in the southern suburbs of Chengdu, there is an ancient tomb hidden in Maolin bamboo cultivation. This is the tomb of Liu Bei, the Emperor of the Shu Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms Period, named Hui Ling. Liu Bei is a descendant of Liu Sheng, the king of Zhongshan. He was born in poverty and started his own business. But he persevered and failed again and again, and finally became the leader of one side from a peddler of woven mats, and the world called him a hero. Therefore, Liu Yuxi, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, couldn't help sighing in the poem "Temple of the First King of Shu": "Heroes in the world, generation after generation, reigning for thousands of years." This heroic atmosphere even scared off grave robbers.