The Character Description of The Journey to the West's Pig and Bajie
Similarly, I gave Pig Bajie a definition of "farmer". Although it is a bit far-fetched, when we reset our wandering thoughts to Gao Laozhuang, slowly verify the true scriptures and make a positive result. Pig Bajie's strong peasant character and unique peasant spirit are indeed not stingy with what the "peasants at that time" showed us. As Mr. Chen Wenxin pointed out in the book Journey to the West and Folk Culture, "Bajie's conversion to Buddhism and his departure from Gaolaozhuang means the end of farmers' life and the beginning of monks' career, that is to say, Bajie's life perspective has changed, but this change is only a formal change. In clothing, Zhu Bajie is no longer a farmer, but a monk. However, there is no change in consciousness, and he is still a farmer. "
(A) Personality characteristics
I. Nine-tooth iron harrow and life details
The iron rake with nine teeth is the personal exercise of the old gentleman. The signature weapon given to Bajie by the Jade Emperor is "Change with you, love yourself", which is also an iron rake to prove the identity of Pig Bajie from a certain angle. Mr. Lin Geng pointed out in his book A Random Talk on a Journey to the West that "his nine-tooth iron rake is the best way to see his identity clearly". Looking back on Journey to the West, Zhu Bajie said as soon as he appeared, "You rake as a gardener and grow vegetables with Gao Laozhuang" (nineteen times). After crossing the Liusha River, when Pig Bajie hit Friar Sand, Friar Sand also said, "Look at your rusty iron rake, so you have to hoe the ground to make vegetables" (22 times). It is said that the Monkey King enjoys a good life in Huaguoshan, and the sand monk indulges in the river for many years without knowing anything about farmers, just for the sake of Doby to show his high opinion of the Monkey King. However, in Pingdingshan, Yinjiao Wang also quipped that "you can make this rake, and you must have stolen it when you were building land in someone else's garden" (32 times). Arriving at Tongtianhe, the goldfish essence said before fighting with Bajie, "You can make a rake. I think you should hire it to farm there and turn it into the future. " (Forty-nine) Recalling the essence of goldfish, demanding the embodiment of the old farmer, asking farmers to contribute boys and girls to eat in addition to food every year; King Yinjiao has been stationed in the mountains for many years, and he has suffered a lot from farmers. His understanding of farmers is no less than that of Mrs. Cooper, a farmer. But why did the author force him to farm, cultivate land, grow vegetables and hoe the ground? Besides, are these landlords and intellectuals responsible for "planting bamboo and trees, killing and building houses, and stopping planting" (A General History of China, Zhang Chuan)? After all, it fell on farmers.
On the way to the west, Pig Bajie had an act that made me laugh and cry-"I want to break up." In the 24th Journey to the West, the Monkey King began to break up after being driven away by the Tang Priest for killing Mrs. Bai Gujing. "If you don't go, let's break up" (32 times). The 57th time, the Tang priest drove Wukong away again, and he was going to break up again. "You look at Master's body. When I ride to the house, I will go to the shop in the village to collect some money, buy a coffin, bury Master, and we will find a way to break up ourselves." "You will be a monster in Liushahe, and the old pig will look forward to the Xiongnu's home in Gaolaozhuang" (back to 32). Wait, the final result of breaking up is to be farmers with Gao Laozhuang and Gao Cuilan, and live a husband-and-wife life with Gao Cuilan. Indeed, during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, according to the Biography of Ming Di, "if farmers still have a glimmer of hope for survival, they will never leave their homes." Of course, resettlement in different places is an objective necessity in all kinds of uneasy times, but Pig Bajie has a beautiful wife, an old father-in-law with property and a happy home in form. Instead, they have to wander away from home, become "slaves" and even "take care of their feet" after sleeping at night. How bright is it for Pig Bajie who doesn't even mention his future when he meets Master Guanyin and just wants to "atone" and "atone"? Attaching to his native land and longing to return to the life of Gao Lao Zhuang is his healthy psychological activity, but neither the Monkey King nor Friar Sand, but he is clamoring and making trouble. This "is a typical peasant consciousness and peasant psychology that has been attached to the land for a long time." (The Journey to the West and Folk Culture)
Second, as simple and honest as farmers, hardworking and practical.
"Cloak cream, high sun, perennial servant, only free from hunger ┅ ┅ catch Kou Xiaoxing, there is no side with sorrow, if with fear. Still luckily NianGu Shuncheng, Huang Yun was stuck in a panic. Years old is Euler. Come on, wild old man, you will be happy every day when you are happy, but you will be happy when you are happy, and you will be happy when you are happy. (Collected Works of Zhang Taigong, Volume 9, Notes on Xuenongyuan). Isn't the pig's behavior just for "two glasses of water and wine and a few steamed buns"? As long as he can satisfy this, he is already very happy. Even in the middle of the night, Tang Priest shouted "Land ┄ Land" and Bajie wouldn't lift the hot bed and empty the urinal. I won't describe his story of sleeping in the wind here. Of course, Zhu Bajie suffered a lot in the whole process of learning from the scriptures, and his efforts will never stop there. Even before the arrival of the Western Heaven, the Tang Priest said that "it is a loss for the traveler to collect, and it is a great merit to trudge all the way with heavy loads", "carrying the corpse" and "burying his head", and even cut down a mountain in the thorn ridge and rolled a road in the rare persimmon. They are all "as simple and honest as farmers, hardworking and solid" (an introduction to linguistics). In fact, his efforts are solid, and they all allude to the shadow of farmers' life in Gaolaozhuang. After his adoption, Gao Gonggong "swept the floor and dug ditches, moved bricks and stones, built fields against walls, plowed fields and raked fields, planted wheat and transplanted rice", and even Gao Gonggong praised him for "being diligent, plowing fields and raking fields without ox tools; Harvest Tian He without a sword. Is this also an example of the simplicity, hardship and fatuity of modern farmers? "Parents who have been on their heads for half a month/still trudging in the fields with cows/dyed hair soaked by morning dew/still rippling in the tired barn" (wandering feelings). Aren't these things imposed on him just to verify the hidden identity of "Zhu Bajie"?
(2) mental outlook
First, farmers' thoughts.
"Zhu Bajie worked as a farmer in Gaolaozhuang for several years, and his thoughts and wisdom bear the profound traces of farmers" (The Journey to the West and folk literature). On the 29th time of The Journey to the West's arrest, before Huang Paoguai was arrested, the king offered him a bowl of wine, and Bajie took it and gulped it down. Pig said, "Master, you should have drunk this wine, but the king gave it to you, so that the old pig could drink it first and catch the monster." According to rural customs, both the host and the elders should serve food, and the toast should also start from the elders. Therefore, his actions are not grandstanding, but the performance of rural folk customs. Back to the thirtieth time, Pig went home defeated. When he passed Bai angrily, suddenly the horse spoke in fear and said, "Brother, how can you talk today, but when you talk, there will be something ominous." It looks funny, but stable boy is human. Since ancient times, China has said that "the Wujiang River has turned the tide, and Zhuizhi always laughs at Wan Huhou" ("Looking Back at the Wujiang River"), so when we laugh at Bajie's cowardice, we do think of the bad things that have happened. Back to the seventy-eighth time, when the master and disciples passed through the monk's country, all Pig saw was "goose feathers covered with five-color satin curtains". "Fools laughed at Master, and today they thought that it was auspicious for the ecliptic to marry and make friends and salute everyone." He used111children's hearts as an introduction to medicine. It's not a good thing, listening to the water that makes people's noses sour. Therefore, it is normal for us to pull our faces like Tang Priest and accuse Bajie of fooling around. But there are thousands of lights and colorful decorations. Isn't it true that rural people choose to hold all kinds of happy events on an auspicious day? Of course, the city can't feel it now. "This reflects the good wishes and pursuits of the lower classes" (Journey to the West and Folk Culture)
Second, the experience of farmers
Pig Bajie has been shining with the light of farmers' experience on his way to learn from the scriptures, and even a clever monkey like the Monkey King has to admire him. When crossing the Tongtian River, testing the depth of the river with pebbles does not explain the farmer's experience. After all, he used to be Marshal Tianpeng, in charge of the river boundary. We have been longing for the four seasons in the spring-like sky. The frozen pig in Tongtianhe tied the straw to the horse's leg, but it didn't slip, so that the nine-ring iron drum fell sideways and fell into its eyes. How to explain it? Tang Priest drifted on the river when the moon was full, and Wukong often wandered around and even made friends with the Dragon King. Friar Sand has been a demon for many years, and so on. They are familiar with water, but they don't know these things. Indeed, "people without rich life experience can't think of this trick." (The Journey to the West and Folk Culture). Of course, nothing is more familiar than massage first aid. The farmers who bent down to do things under the scorching sun were "sweaty", thirsty and dry. Instantaneous shock or respiratory arrest and shortness of breath caused by sudden drinking of river water can be seen every day. Even without a doctor, people are always comfortable with it. The Monkey King has also encountered such a situation here. After Samadhi in Hong Haier really burned out, he was in a hurry to run into the water, in shock. Bajie skillfully solved his problem and resumed normal breathing. "It is the life experience that ordinary people sum up from their daily lives."