Su Shi himself
Su Shi (1037-1101) was also known as Zizhan, Hezhong, and Dongpo Jushi. A native of Meishan, Meizhou (now Meishan County, Sichuan). He was a writer and famous painter of the Northern Song Dynasty, and one of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". Together with his father Xun and younger brother Zhe, they are collectively known as "Sansu". He received a good family education when he was young, and he studied hard. In his youth, he had extensive historical and cultural knowledge and showed various artistic talents. When he was admitted to Jinshi in the second year of Renzong Jiayou's reign (1057), Ouyang Xiu, the chief minister, saw his article and repeatedly said, "Happy! Hurray!" In 1059, he was appointed as a judge of Dali and signed the Fengxiang Mansion. Yingzong ascended the throne and was appointed as the Cheng of Dali Temple. During the reign of Emperor Shenzong, he served as Dr. Taichang and an official in the Kaifeng Prefecture. Because he had political disagreements with Wang Anshi, he asked for a foreign appointment and became the general magistrate of Hangzhou. He changed his name to Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), someone from Yushitai quoted his poems criticizing the new law and was imprisoned for "slandering the government", which is the so-called "Wutai Poetry Case". After being released from prison, he was demoted to the deputy envoy of Tuanlian in Huangzhou. Five years later, he was appointed the deputy envoy of Tuanlian in Ruzhou. Zhezong came to the throne and Sima Guang and other old parties were in power. He returned to the imperial court and served as magistrate of Dengzhou, Zhongshu Sheren, Hanlin bachelor, and Zhizhigao. He also served as an attendant. Because he had different political views with Sima Guang and others, he asked for a foreign appointment and was appointed as magistrate of Hangzhou. , Yingzhou, Yangzhou, and later served as the Minister of the Ministry of War and the Minister of the Ministry of rites, the scholar of the Duanming Palace and the Minister of the Imperial Academy, and the Minister of the Ministry of rites. In the eighth year of Yuanyou (1093), the new party came to power again. On the charge of "ridiculing the previous dynasty", he was demoted to Huizhou resettlement, and then demoted to Danzhou (now Dan County, Hainan Province) Biejia and Changhuajun resettlement. When Huizong came to the throne, he transferred Lianzhou resettlement, Shuzhou Tuanlian deputy envoy, and Yongzhou resettlement. In the third year of Yuanfu (1101), a general amnesty was granted, and he was reinstated as Chaofeng Lang. On his way back to the north, he died in Changzhou, and his posthumous title was Wenzhong.
Su Shi's literary views are in the same vein as Ouyang Xiu, but he emphasizes the originality, expressiveness and artistic value of literature. He believes that compositions should reach the artistic realm of "like flowing clouds and flowing water, with no definite quality at first, but always doing what they should do and always stopping at what they must do. Natural literature and science, full of gestures" ("A Letter of Thanks to Minshi"). Su Shi's prose writings are rich, and he is also known as Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and Ouyang Xiu. The style of the article is easy and smooth, bold and free. Shi Dehong's "Postscript to Dongpo (Left and Right Yun) Chi Lu" said: "His writing is as smooth as the quality of water. If it spreads vastly, its waves will naturally become written."
Su's poems now exist in about four volumes. There are thousands of poems with broad content and diverse styles, but they are mainly bold and unrestrained, with vertical and horizontal strokes, endless changes, and romantic color, which opened up a new path for the development of Song poetry. Xie Zhou's "Original Poems" said: "Su Shi's poems have opened up a realm unprecedented in ancient and modern times. Everything in the world laughs and curses, and they are all inspired by the writing." Zhao Yi's "Oubei Poetry Talk" said: "Take text as poetry , starting from Changli, to Dongpo, he became more and more eloquent, opened up new perspectives, and became a grand view of the generation... Especially those who are unreachable, they are born with a strong pen, as refreshing as a mourning pear, and they can be cut quickly, and there is a hidden secret that can be reached without difficulty. This is why Su Shi became a great poet after Li and Du, but he is not as good as Li and Du."
There are more than 340 poems written by Su Shi in existence, breaking the rule of writing specifically about love between men and women. The narrow theme of separation and separation has broad social content. Su Shi occupies a special position in the history of Chinese poetry. He expanded the spirit of the Northern Song Dynasty's poetry innovation movement to the field of Ci, swept away the traditional Ci style since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, and created the Bold Ci School that stood side by side with the Graceful School. He expanded the subject matter of Ci and enriched the artistic conception of Ci. It broke through the boundaries of poetry in Shizhuang and made a significant contribution to the innovation and development of poetry. Liu Chenweng's "Xin Jiaxuan Ci Preface" said: "The words reach Dongpo, and they are upright and upright, like poetry, like writing, like the wonders of heaven and earth."
Su Shi is an outstanding writer in the history of Chinese literature. Practice pushed the poetic innovation movement of the Northern Song Dynasty forward, bringing the creation of poetry, prose, and lyrics to a peak. His literary achievements have attracted widespread attention from contemporary and future generations of scholars. Lu You and Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty, Yuan Haowen in the Jin Dynasty, Yuan Hongdao in the Ming Dynasty, Chen Weisong and Cha Shenxing in the Qing Dynasty are all writers who were obviously influenced by him. The thoughts of playing life and being self-sufficient in Su Shi's works also had a negative impact on later generations of literati. For details of his life, see Volume 338 of "History of the Song Dynasty". There are "The Complete Works of Dongpo" and "Dongpo Ci".
This book selects six main chapters of his essays, "On the Perfection of Honesty in Punishment and Reward", "Shanghai Zhidao Shu", "Xiyu Pavilion", "Shizhongshan", "Qian Chibi Fu", " "Teaching War and Guarding Strategies"; six poems, "Evening View of the Spring River in Huichong", "Inscription on the West Forest Wall", "Drinking on the Lake after the First Sunny Rain (Part 2)", "Hezi Nostalgic from Mianchi", "June 27th" "Five Wonders of Drunken Books at Wanghu Tower (Part 1)", "Jijiang Sencha"; eleven poems "Water Dragon Song" (the flowers still look like non-flowers), "Shui Diao Ge Tou" (When will the bright moon appear), "Nian Nujiao" ( The River Goes East), "Moon on the Xijiang River" (Photos of Yami Asami), "Linjiang Immortal" (Drinking in Dongpo at night and waking up drunk), "Ding Fengbo" (Don't listen to the sound of beating leaves in the forest), "Congratulations to the Bridegroom" (Breast Swallow Flying to the Huawu House), "Jiangchengzi" (I talked about being a teenager), "Jiangchengzi" (Ten Years of Life and Death), "Butterfly Loves Flowers" (the flowers faded to red, green and apricots), "Huanxi Sand" (Jujube flowers fall on clothes and towels).
Famous articles passed down from generation to generation
On the importance of loyalty in punishment and reward
Explanation of the problem
This article is Su Shi's analysis of how punishment and reward can achieve the perfection of loyalty. An excellent policy essay. Focusing on the word "suspicious" in the Confucian classics, the author demonstrates that loyalty does not solely lie in punishment and reward, but in governing the world with "the way of the gentleman and the elder". This article uses detailed reasoning to make the purpose of the classic and the author's theory complement each other.
Original text
During the reigns of Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, Wu, Cheng, and Kang, how deeply did they love and care about the people, and how they treated the world as a gentleman and an elder? The way! If there is a good deed, then you will appreciate it, and then you will sing and sigh about it. , so be happy with the beginning and be happy with the end. If there is a bad deed, we will punish it, and we will grieve and punish it, so we abandon the old and create a new one. Therefore, his voice of appeal to Yu, joyful, sad and sad, can be found in the books of Yu, Xia, Shang and Zhou.
After the death of Cheng and Kang, King Mu was established, and the Zhou Dynasty began to decline. However, he still ordered his minister Luhou to punish him with auspicious punishment. His words are sad but not hurtful, powerful but not angry, loving but capable of breaking up, and compassionate but with a heart of pity for the innocent, so Confucius still has some ideas. "Biography" says: "Rewarding doubts is followed, so we are generous; punishing doubts, we are careful about punishment."
In the time of Yao, Gao Tao was a scholar. When he was about to kill someone, Gao Tao said: "Kill him", three. Yao said: "Forgive him", three. Therefore, the world is afraid of Gao Tao's firmness in law enforcement, but is happy with Yao's lenient punishment. Yao said: "No!" Gunfang ordered the people of the tribe. Then he said: "Try it!" "Why did Yao not listen to Gao Tao's murder, but use Gun from the Four Mountains? However, the meaning of the sage can also be seen. "Book" said: "The suspicion of guilt is only light, and the suspicion of merit is heavy. Rather than killing innocent people, it is better to lose them. "Woohoo! That's it!
You can be rewarded or you can not be rewarded. The party is more than benevolence; if it is more than benevolence, it will not be regarded as a gentleman; if it is more than righteousness, it will flow into the forbearance. Therefore, benevolence can be exceeded Yes, righteousness cannot be overstepped. In ancient times, rewards were not given with titles and salaries, and punishments were not punished with swords and saws. The way to reward people is to follow the rules and regulations, and not to punish them with swords and saws. The power of punishment is applied where the sword and saw can reach, but not where the sword and saw cannot reach. The ancient kings knew that the good in the world cannot be rewarded, but no honors and honors are enough to persuade them; they know that the evil in the world cannot be punished, but the sword and saw are not enough to cut it. Therefore, when doubts are raised, they should be treated with benevolence, and the world should be treated in the way of a gentleman and an elder. Therefore, it is said: Loyalty is the most important thing! : "A gentleman is like a good man, and the common people are in chaos. A gentleman is angry, and the common people are in chaos and frustrated. "The husband and the gentleman are already in chaos, how can there be any strange skills? They are happy and angry at that time, but they are just benevolent. The meaning of "Spring and Autumn" is that legislation values strictness, and responsibilities value lenient. Because of its meaning of praise and blame, it is used to control Rewards and punishments are also due to loyalty.
The Story of Shizhong Mountain
Explanation of the Problem
This article was written in the seventh year of Yuanfeng in the Song Dynasty (1084). It records the circumstances and reasons of the trip to Shizhong Mountain. Discussing the origin of the name of this mountain arouses my thoughts. In March of that year, the author was ordered to move from Huangzhou to Ruzhou (now Linru, Henan Province), and took a boat to take office in June. At that time, his son Su Mai went to Dexing, Raozhou (now in Jiangxi Province) in the same boat. ), and wrote this note because he traveled to Shizhong Mountain on the east bank of Poyang Lake in Hukou County.
Original text
"Shui Jing". It says: "At the mouth of Peng Li, there is Shizhong Mountain. " Li Yuan thought: "Besides the deep pool, the breeze is blowing, the water and rocks are fighting against each other, and the sound is like a loud bell. "That's right, people often doubt it.
Now if a bell or a special chime is placed in the water, it will not sound even though there are strong winds and waves. How about a stone? In the Tang Dynasty, Li Bo first visited his remains and found two stones on the pool. He "clasp and listen to them. The south sound is like Hu, the north sound is clearer and clearer, the sound has stopped and the aftertaste has slowly rested." He thought he had found it. Although this is said, I still doubt it: the sonorous sounds of stones are everywhere, and why is this one named only a bell?
Ding Chou in the sixth month of the seventh year of Yuanfeng, Yu Ziqi'an came to you on a boat trip, and the eldest son Maijiang went to Raozhi Dexingwei and sent him to Hukou, because he could watch the so-called stone bell. The monk asked the boy to pick one or two of the axes among the rocks and buckle them, and Yu Gu laughed and didn't believe it. At the end of the night, when the moon was bright, I took a small boat with Mai alone to the bottom of the cliff. The boulders stand thousands of feet sideways, like ferocious beasts and strange ghosts, eager to attack people. The falcons on the mountain will startle when they hear the sound of people, and they will buzz in the sky. There is also an old man who coughs and laughs in the valley, and may say: "This is a stork and a crane." The rest of the party is eager to return, and makes a loud noise on the water, and the jingling is like bells and drums incessantly, and the people in the boat are frightened. If you look at it slowly, you will find that there are stone caves under the mountain. I don't know how shallow or deep they are. Microwaves penetrate into them and they are filled with surging waves. This is why. The boat returned between the two mountains and was about to enter the port. There was a large rock in the middle of the stream, which could seat a hundred people. There were many holes in the air, which were in harmony with the Feng Shui. There was the sound of boring and boring mandarins, corresponding to those who were facing it, and it was like a piece of music. . Because of his laughter, he said to Mai, "You know what you know? Those who are squeaky are the King of Zhou Jing's inability to shoot; those who are boring and boring are the songs of Wei Xianzi. The ancients did not deceive them."
Is it okay to make assumptions about whether things exist without seeing them with eyes and ears? What Li Yuan saw and heard was almost the same as that of Yu, so it is unknown. The scholar-bureaucrats were unwilling to park their boats under the cliff at night, so they couldn't know; while the fishermen and sailors knew it but couldn't tell it, so it was not passed down in this world; and the unscrupulous people tried to find it by testing it with axes and pounds, thinking that they It’s true. The rest of the notes were written in a way that lamented Li Yuan's simplicity and laughed at Li Bo's ugliness.
Previous Chibi Fu
Explanation of the title
Also written as "Chibi Fu", see "Jingjin Dongpo Collected Works". In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou (today's Huanggang, Hubei Province) as deputy envoy of Tuanlian because he opposed Wang Anshi's new law. Three years later, he visited Chibi (also known as Chibiji) outside Huangzhou City. Thinking that Zhou Yu had defeated Cao Cao's Chibi (today's Boqi, Hubei Province), he wrote two poems on the spur of the moment. Later generations used to call the former poem "Chibi Fu" or "former Chibi Fu", and the latter poem "later Chibi Fu".
Original text
In the autumn of Wang Xu, in the seventh month, Su Zi and his guests went boating under Red Cliff. The breeze comes slowly and the water waves are calm. Lifting the wine to the guests, reciting the poem "Ming Yue" and singing the chapter "Yaoyou". After a while, the moon rose above the east mountain, wandering among the bullfights. White dew flows across the river, and the water reaches the sky. The vastness is as if Feng Xu is riding the wind without knowing where it is going; the flutteringness is as if he is left alone in the world, becoming an immortal and ascending to immortality.
So they drank and had a lot of fun, and sang along to the boat. The song says: "The orchid oars are hanging on the osmanthus, and the light is shining in the sky. I feel the mist in my arms, and I look forward to the beauty in the sky." There is a guest who plays the cave flute, and I sing along with it. Its voice is like a whine, like resentment, admiration, weeping, or complaining, and the lingering sound is like a wisp. The lurking dragon dances in the secluded ravine, and the concubine weeps in the lonely boat.
Su Zi was stunned. He sat upright and asked his guest: "Why is it so?"
The answer was: "'The moon and stars are sparse, and the black magpie flies south.' Cao Jide of North Africa Looking to the west of Xiakou and to the east of Wuchang, the mountains and rivers are close to each other, and the sky is green. Is this not what Cao Mengde was trapped in by Zhou Lang? Fang Qi broke through Jingzhou, went down to Jiangling, and sailed thousands of miles eastward. Banners covering the sky, drinking wine by the river, and writing poems across the tree, I am a hero for a lifetime, and now I am safe! Kuang Wu and his son fished for woodcutters on the river, accompanied fish and shrimps, and made friends with elk; I hold the bottle to belong to each other; I send the ephemera to the sky and the earth, a drop in the vast sea. I mourn for a moment in my life, and I envy the infiniteness of the Yangtze River. "The wind."
Su Zi said: "You also know that the water and the moon are like this, but they have not yet passed away; those who are full and weak are like that, but the dead will grow and fade." If you look at it from the perspective of others, you will see that heaven and earth cannot last for a moment; if you look at it from the perspective of being unchanging, then things and myself are endless, so why should you envy them? Although you can’t take even a single ounce of it, the breeze on the river or the bright moon in the mountains can be picked up by ears and become sounds, and eyes can see them and become colors. They can be taken without restraint and can be used inexhaustibly. They are the endless treasures of the Creator. The perfect place for me and my son.
”
The guests laughed happily, washed the cups and drank more. The food cores were all gone, and the cups and plates were in a mess. The pillows and pillows were scattered in the boat, and they didn’t know that the east was white.
Teaching War and Guarding Strategies
Explanation
This article is selected from "Jing Jin Dongpo's Collection of Stories", the original title is "Jiao Zhan Shou", the author Su Shi focuses on the serious threats faced by the corrupt Song Dynasty from Liao and Xia. , pointed out the danger of "knowing safety but not knowing danger, being able to relax but not working", thereby discussing the significance of teaching people to fight and defend, and put forward specific measures. What are the troubles for the people? They know that they are safe but do not know the dangers, and they are able to relax but cannot work. This kind of trouble will not be seen today, but will be seen in the future. .
In the past, the kings knew that the troops could not go away. Therefore, even though the world was at peace, they did not dare to forget about fighting. The ears and eyes are accustomed to the bells, drums, and flags without being disturbed, and their minds are at ease when it comes to killing and killing without being frightened. Therefore, even if there are changes in thieves, the people will not be frightened and defeated in future generations. , it is a grand festival for the king to go to war; when the world is established, he rolls up his armor and hides it. After a few decades, the armored soldiers are defeated, and the people are content with nothing. If there are thieves and thieves, they will talk to each other in fear. , leave without fighting. In the time of Kaiyuan and Tianbao, won't the world be in great peace? If the people are contented with the joy of peace and indulge in games, wine and food, their hearts and courage will be blunted, and they will become weak and unable to recover. As soon as Lushan came out and took advantage of it, the people from all directions were busy with beasts and birds, and they were begging for prisoners. The world was divided, but the Tang Dynasty was still small.
The world is divided. The situation is like a body. Isn't it because Wang Guibing has been suffering from many diseases in his daily life? What's the reason for his hard work all year round? Changes in dew are the cause of this disease. Farmers and small people work hard in the midsummer, but are exposed in the cold winter. Their muscles and bones are aggravated, and their skin is soaked. The light frost and dew are exposed to wind and rain, so the cold and heat cannot be poisoned. Nowadays, the princes and nobles are under heavy houses. When they go out, they ride on their carriages, the wind blows on their coats, and the rain blows on their roofs. All things that are worried about dangers should be prepared. If they are afraid of being too much, they will raise them too much. If they are not as expected, the cold and heat will come. This is why those who cultivate their bodies well can make them able to work easily and move quickly, so that their bodies can withstand the changes of cold and heat. Then they can be strong and strong, and they can go into danger without being hurt. The same is true for the people today. As time goes by, people in the world are arrogant, lazy and fragile, like women and children. If they do not come out of their boudoir, they will shrink their necks and tremble when they hear the name of thieves. But the scholar-officials will not listen. Yan Bing, thinking that causing trouble and disturbing the people will not last long. Isn't this too much fear and too much care? Changes happen out of nowhere, and this is not the case. Today, the number of people who serve the captives in the west and north is limited, but those who seek them are endless, and those who are bound to fight are bound to fight. If the situation is not ahead of me, then it is ahead of others; if it is not from the west, then it is from the north. What is unknown is that there are delays, speeds, and distances, and it is inevitable that the world will use troops, but it will not be used. Gradually, the people will be in peace and contentment. Once they are born and die, they will be in trouble. Therefore, it is said: The people of the world know safety but do not know danger. They are able to relax but cannot work. This is what I call a great danger.
I want the scholar-bureaucrats to respect martial arts and teach them the art of war; the common people who are in the official position are taught how to conduct battles; the people who serve as thieves are taught the art of stabbing. At the end of each year, they gather in the county government, just like the ancient capital trial method, with victory and defeat, rewards and punishments, and after a long period of practice, they are engaged in military law. However, those who discussed it would think that if they moved the people without any reason and violated military laws, the people would be uneasy; but I thought that this was the reason why the people were peaceful. If the fruit trees in the world fail to fight off the soldiers, then they will drive away the ungodly people to fight. Although there is a small fear that the husband will attack the people for no reason, who will be in danger if the husband is in danger?
Today, the soldiers gathered in a group are arrogant and resentful. Why do they suppress the common people and invite those who are above them? In his mind, I am the only one who knows how to fight in the world. If all the common people are accustomed to fighting, and they know the reason, then their treacherous plots and their arrogance will have been defeated. Isn't it clear that the times of benefit and harm are clear?
Evening Scenery of the Spring River in Huichong
Explanation of the Problem
The title of the poem "late" means "dawn". In the eighth year of Yuanfeng (1085), after seeing "Evening Scene on the Spring River" painted by monk Huichong in Bianjing, the author wrote two quatrains, one of which.
Hui Chong's paintings do not exist to this day.
Original text
Three or two branches of peach blossoms outside the bamboo,
A duck prophet of the warmth of the spring river.
The ground is high and the reed buds are short,
It is the time when the puffer fish is about to come.
Question on the West Forest Wall
Explanation of the question
Selected from "Seven Collections of Dongpo". In the seventh year of Yuanfeng (1084), the author was demoted from Huangzhou to Ruzhou (today's Linru, Henan Province) as Tuanlian deputy envoy. He visited Xilin Temple in Lushan on the road and left poems on the wall.
Original text
Looking horizontally, it looks like a ridge and a peak on the side, with different heights near and far.
I don’t know the true face of Mount Lu, just because I am in this mountain.
Drinking on the Lake at First Sunny and Later Rain (Part 2)
Explanation of the Problem
The poem was written on the West Lake in Hangzhou in the spring of the sixth year of Xining (1073). With his peerless genius, the author traveled to Hangzhou, a city with abundant natural resources, and was intoxicated by the famous mountains and rivers. He wrote many masterpieces depicting the beautiful scenery of lakes and mountains. This poem is one of the most widely read swan songs among his Hangzhou landscape poems.
Original text
The clear sky is beautiful when the water is shining, but the mountains are also strange when they are empty and covered with rain.
If you want to compare the West Lake to the West, it is always better to put on light makeup and heavy makeup.
He Zi nostalgic from Mianchi
Explanation of the problem
See "Seven Collections of Dongpo". In the sixth year of Jiayou's reign (1061), the author went to Shaanxi and passed by Mianchi (now part of Henan). His younger brother Su Che sent the author to Zhengzhou, and then returned to Kaifeng, the capital. However, the love for his family was difficult to send away, so he wrote a poem "Huai Mianchi to Brother Zhan" as a gift. This poem is a Japanese poem by the author.
Original text
What is it like to know everything in life? It should be like a flying dragon stepping on slush.
Occasionally there are fingers and claws left on the mud, Hongfei is counting on those things!
The old monk has died and a new pagoda has been built, and there is no reason to see the old inscriptions if the walls are broken.
Do you remember the bumpy past now? The road is long and the people are sleepy and the donkeys bray.
June 27th
The Five Wonders of Drunken Calligraphy at Wanghulou (Part 1)
Explanation of the title
The poem was written by Shenzong Xi of the Song Dynasty In the fifth year of Ning Dynasty (1072), Su Shi was appointed as the general magistrate of Hangzhou. There were originally five songs, and this is the first one. Wanghu Tower was built by Qian, King of Wuyue during the Five Dynasties. It is also known as Kanjing Tower and Xiande Tower. It is located beside the West Lake.
Original text
Black clouds rolled over the mountains without covering the mountains, and white raindrops jumped into the boat.
When the wind comes and blows away, the water under Wanghu Tower is like the sky.
Jijiang Sencha
Explanation
In the poem "Jijiang Sencha", the author Su Shi uses materials to describe how to draw water, make tea and other daily activities of drinking tea. The trivial matters of life are written in a poetic and engaging way.
Original text
Living water must be cooked with live fire, and you can get the deep clear water from fishing stones:
The big ladle stores the moon and returns to the spring urn, and the small ladle divides the river into the night bottle.
The snow milk has been fried for the feet, and the pine wind suddenly makes the sound of diarrhea.
Withered intestines are not easy to ban three bowls, sit and listen to the length of the deserted city.
Shuilongyin
Ciyun Zhang Zhifu Yanghuaci
Explanation of the problem
Selected from "The Complete Works of Mr. Dongpo". Zhang Zhifu wrote the Yanghua poem "Water Dragon Song", and Su Yiyunhe wrote the poem. The whole article is narrated layer by layer, every sentence is a pen of sustenance, and the three originally unrelated images of Yanghua, Sifu, and "I" are processed and tempered into a trinity of new artistic images.
Original text
It looks like a flower, but it still doesn’t look like a flower, and no one wants to teach it. Leaving home on the road, thinking is ruthless and thoughtful. The lingering damage to the soft intestines makes the delicate eyes open and close again due to jealousy. The dream travels thousands of miles with the wind, looking for the man's whereabouts, and is called by the oriole again.
I don’t hate that these flowers will fly away. I hate that the red flowers in the West Garden are difficult to decorate. It rained all around, where are the traces? A pool of broken apples. There are three parts of spring scenery, two parts of dust, and one part of running water. If you look closely, you will see that they are not Yanghua, but dots of Liren's tears.
Shui Tiao Ge Tou
Explanation
See "The Complete Works of Mr. Dongpo", titled "Bingchen Mid-Autumn Festival, drinking till the end of the day, getting drunk, I wrote this Chapter, and pregnant with children." In this poem, the author Tian Zhongqiu associates the full moon with farewell in the world, from people to the moon. From ancient times to the present, it expresses his best wishes to all those who have experienced the pain of separation.
Original text
When will the bright moon appear? Ask the sky for wine. I don’t know what year it is today in the palace in the sky.
I want to ride the wind back home, but I'm afraid it's too cold in the high places. Dance and clear the shadow, how does it seem to be in the human world!
Turn to the Zhu Pavilion, where the Qihu is low and the light shines without sleep. There shouldn't be any hatred, so what's the point of saying goodbye? People have joys and sorrows, separations and reunions, and the moon waxes and wanes. This is a difficult thing in ancient times. I hope that people will live long and travel thousands of miles to meet Chanjuan.
Nian Nujiao·Chibi Nostalgia
Explanation of the problem
Selected from "Dongpo Yuefu". In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty, Su Shi was arrested and imprisoned for the famous "Wutai Poetry Case". After many rescues, he was finally demoted to Huangzhou Tuanlian Deputy Envoy. Between July and October of the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082), he visited Red Cliff (Chibiji) in the west of Huangzhou City twice, chanted three poems about Red Cliff, and wrote three immortal poems: "Niannujiao·Chibi Nostalgia" and "Chibi Ode" successively. masterpiece.
Original text
The great river goes eastward, and the waves are swept away, and there are romantic figures throughout the ages. Therefore, on the west side of the fortress, the human path is: Chibi, Zhou Lang of the Three Kingdoms. Rocks pierced through the sky, stormy waves crashed onto the shore, and thousands of piles of snow were rolled up. The country is picturesque, and there are so many heroes at one time.
I think back to Gong Jin’s time, when Xiao Qiao got married for the first time and looked majestic and handsome. Feather fans and silk scarves, while talking and laughing, the boats and oars disappeared into ashes. My motherland wanders in my mind, I should laugh at my passion, and I will be born early. Life is like a dream, a bottle of wine can return the moon to the river.
Xijiang Moon (with preface)
Explanation
This poem was written in March of the fifth year of Yuanfeng (1082), when Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou One day, I was recovering from a serious illness. It was a season of pleasant scenery and full of spring. I visited Qishui Qingquan Temple with my friends and felt particularly refreshed. So I used the wonderful pen of raw flowers and bright colors to depict the extremely beautiful late spring scenery, full of spring vitality.
Original text
I was walking in Qishui on a spring night in Huangzhou. I passed a restaurant and got drunk. I rode the moon to a bridge over a stream, untied my saddle, bent my arms and lay down drunk for a while, and When I feel the spring dawn, the mountains are surrounded by chaos, and the flowing water is sonorous. It seems that it is not from this world. I write this sentence and live on the bridge.
Zhaoye (left and right) is surrounded by shallow waves, and the sky is faintly visible across the sky. The arrogance of jade has not yet been solved by the mud, and I want to get drunk on the fragrant grass.
It's a pity that the wind and moon in the stream can't be taught to crush Qiong Yao. When I untie my saddle and pillow on the green poplar bridge, Du Yu hears the sound of spring dawn.
Linjiangxian·Returning to Lingao at Night
Explanation of the problem
Selected from "The Complete Works of Mr. Dongbo". The title of the poem is "Returning to Lingao at Night". The whole poem describes the author Su Shi drinking in the snow hall on Dongpo at night and returning drunk to his apartment in Lingao Pavilion, which expresses the author's desire to be free.
Original text
After drinking in Dongpo at night, I woke up and became drunk again. When I came back, it was like the third watch. The boy's breath is thundering, and he doesn't answer the door. He leans on his stick and listens to the sound of the river.
I always regret that this body is not mine, when will I forget Yingying? Quiet night? The grain is flat. The boat passed away from now on, and the river and sea left it for the rest of my life.
Ding Fengbo
Explanation
See "The Complete Works of Mr. Dongpo". The author's calm demeanor of whistling and walking in the wind and rain reflects his magnanimous mind and cheerful mood, and also implies his attitude towards the relegated life.
Original text
On March 7, it rained on Shahu Road. The rain gear went first, and everyone in the group was in a panic, but I didn't realize it. Sui Qing pretended to do this.
Don’t listen to the sound of beating leaves through the forest, why not just scream and walk slowly. Bamboo sticks and mango shoes are easier than horses, who is afraid? A coop of mist and rain will last a lifetime.
The steep spring breeze blows away the drunkenness, it is slightly cold, but the mountain tops are shining slantingly. Looking back at the desolate place where I came from, there was neither wind, rain nor sunshine.
Congratulations to the Bridegroom
Explanation of the Problem
Selected from "The Complete Works of Mr. Dongpo". This word is the author's expression of the beauty's old age and feelings of sadness and unrequited talent. The whole word adopts the techniques of metaphor, contrast and contrast, and is written in a saving, subtle and thought-provoking way.
Original text
The milk swallow flies to the flower house, no one is there, the shade of the tung trees turns to noon, and the cool evening brings a new bath. The hand is made of raw silk and white round fan, and the hand of the fan looks like jade for a moment. Gradually, he becomes sleepy and sleeps alone, becoming more and more mature. Who will push the embroiderer outside the curtain? It is useless to teach people to dream of breaking the Yaotai song. But again, the wind knocked against the bamboo.
The pomegranate is half-vomited and the red scarf is frowning. When all the flowers and flowers are gone, I will be alone with you. If you look closely at a beautiful branch, your heart will be as heavy as a bundle. Also afraid of being frightened by the west wind. I have been waiting for you to come here, and I can't bear to touch the wine in front of the flowers. ***Pink tears, two rustles.
Jiang Chengzi·Mizhou Hunting
Explanation
This poem was written in the eighth year of Xining (1075), the reign of Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty. The author Su Shi expressed his patriotism through the incident of hunting. The pride expressed his eagerness to be reused by the court and to serve the country.
Original text
I was chatting like a teenager, holding the yellow on the left and the green on the right. Wearing brocade hats and mink fur, thousands of cavalry roll around Pinggang, reporting the beauty of the city to follow the prefect. Shoot the tiger yourself and watch Sun Lang.
It doesn’t matter if your chest and gallbladder are still open due to the wine, and there is a slight frost on your temples. In the cloud of Chijie, when will Feng Tang be sent? He can hold the eagle bow like the full moon, look northwest, and shoot at the wolf.
Jiang Chengzi
Dreams recorded on the night of the 20th day of the first lunar month of Yi Mao
Explanation
This word can be found in "The Complete Works of Mr. Dongpo" by the author Using a contrasting technique of fiction and reality, he writes about his sincere, intense, and ever-changing feelings of longing for his wife who has passed away for ten years. In Yimao, the eighth year of Xining (1075), Su Shi was the magistrate of Mizhou (now Zhucheng County, Shandong Province).
Original text
Ten years of life and death. If you don’t think about it, you will never forget it. Thousands of miles of lonely tomb, nowhere to say desolation. Even if we meet each other, we should not know each other, our faces are covered with dust and our temples are like frost.
When night comes, I suddenly return home with a deep dream. Xiaoxuan window, dressing up. They looked at each other without words, only a thousand lines of tears. It is expected that the broken part of the intestines will be cut off every year, on a bright moonlit night, there will be short pines.
Die Lianhua
Explanation
This word is selected from "The Complete Works of Mr. Dongpo". It is titled "Spring Scene". By describing the late spring scenery in the distance and lamenting that spring is fleeting and beauties are hard to see, this poem tortuously expresses the author's complex mood when he was relegated.
Original text
The flowers have faded and become red, green and apricots are small. When swallows fly, green water surrounds people. There are few willow trees blowing on the branches, and there are no fragrant grasses anywhere in the world.
The swing inside the wall and the road outside the wall. Pedestrians outside the wall, beautiful women smiling inside the wall. The laughter gradually becomes quieter and quieter, but the sentimental one is annoyed by the ruthlessness.
Huanxisha
Explanation
From "Dongpo Yuefu". This poem was written in Xuzhou. It was originally a set of five poems. There is a small preface under the title: "Xumen Shitan is thanking the rain, and five poems were written on the road. The pond is twenty miles east of the city, and it often increases or decreases with the Surabaya River. "The turbidity corresponds." These five poems all describe the customs and customs of rural areas, just like five rural custom paintings, vivid, natural, close and relevant.
Original text
Jujube flowers are rustling on clothes and scarves, milling wheels are ringing in the south of the village and north of the village, and cucumbers are sold by old willows in cow clothes.
I am sleepy after a long journey due to alcohol. I am thirsty and thinking about tea. I knock on the door and ask about the wild people.