History of Cangnan Jinxiang

Jinxiang was called Yingzhou in ancient times. Yingzhou is within the scope of "Hengyu Chuantun" where Zhou Yu trained naval forces during the Three Kingdoms period, and belongs to the "Huipu area". "Xiaojin Township" emerged in the late Tang Dynasty. 250 years later, in the third year of Zhao Jianyan (1129), Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty, Jinzhou Township was established and belonged to Pingyang County. As for why it is called Jinzhou Township, some people say that when Jinzhou Township emerged from the sea, there were sunken shipwrecks with gold and silver jewelry attached; some people think that it is because there are Jinzi Mountain and Fuchuan Mountain to the south of Jinzhou Township, each with its own character. . From the rise and fall of Yongquan Temple, the stone horses in Huangni'ao, the funerary ornaments of Shi Wengzhong and the cliff carvings in Meiling, we can see that from the late Tang to the Song Dynasty, merchants gathered and gradually prospered.

In the seventeenth year of Hongwu (1384), Emperor Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang of the Ming Dynasty ordered Xin Guogong Tang He to build a guard and build a city in Jinzhou Township, which was renamed Jinxiang Guard. The Jinxiang Guards of the Ming Dynasty commanded all Shuiluguan Village in Pingyang County, extending to Pumen and Zhuangshi Qianhusuo in the south; to Shayuan (now part of Ruian), Ningcun (now part of Ouhai), and Hai'an (now part of Yueqing) in the north. Thousand households.

Jinxiang Guards has eleven villages and fifteen forts.

The eleven villages are: Miaohou Village, Yumen Village, Bafu Village, Dayao Village, Yanting Village, Dawo Village, Xiaowo Village, Shitang Village, Shiping Village, Dayu Village Village, small fishing village.

The fifteen forts are: Bantang fort, Jianshan fort, Baiqi fort, Maji fort, Fenghuang fort, Heritou fort, Shangyang fort, Biwan fort, Donggang fort, Lingmen fort, Dongshan 堠, Mengwan 堠, Lantou 堠, Bayongshan 堠 and Dianshan 堠.

There are many piers under the boundary. For example, the existing ancient Yandun Mountain in Dayudun Mountain is located on the top of Dunshan Mountain in Xiao'ao Village, Dayu Town. It is about 250 meters above sea level. It was an anti-Japanese alarm facility in the Ming Dynasty. It covers an area of ​​100 square meters and is about 7 meters high. It has a great view of the sea and the sky. For spectacular. It is basically intact and is a precious object of the anti-Japanese struggle in the Ming Dynasty. In 1988, it was listed as the second batch of cultural relics protection units in Cangnan County.

The Jinxiang Guard City Wall has a circumference of 9 miles and 30 steps, totaling more than 1,420 feet, a wall height of 1.9 feet, a toe thickness of 2 feet, 1,650 battlements, and 43 nests. There are four city gates: Yingxu Gate in the east, Jinghai Gate in the south, Laishang Gate in the west, and Wangjing Gate in the north. Each has a tower. There were originally four water gates, but now two remain. The city structure is made of irregular stone barriers, with loess and gravel packed inside. Due to historical changes, only part of the city base, the north and west city gates, the south and west water gates, and Kuixing Pavilion above the west water gate remain. There is a complete moat 30 to 50 meters wide outside the city wall. The small river in the city is connected to the moat through the water gate. There is a suspension bridge over the moat.

In front of the inner guard hall of the Acropolis, there are Guangji Dacang and Xiaocang, totaling more than 20 rooms, for receiving and disbursing the guard's salary. The Wei Hall is located on Wei Mountain (i.e. Lion Mountain) and has a lookout, which overlooks Haiphong in the distance and is close to the warehouse. There is also a land temple in front of and behind the warehouse, which means that the father-in-law of the land will protect the warehouse and keep it safe. (2) The layout of the Bagua universe

The Acropolis designed by Xin Guogong Tanghe has two major characteristics: first, it is military and defensive; second, it is based on the "Layout of the Bagua universe" designed by Liu Jijian of the Forbidden City in Nanjing.

There are "one hexagram and six lines" in the Bagua, which are arranged in parallel from north to south and east to west. The eighth lane in Jinxiang is the first of the six lines, and the third lane is the upper line of the six. Lines are continuous or broken. The connected ones are Yang Yao, and the broken ones are Yin Yao. The buildings in the lanes are continuous and interrupted, with alternating yin and yang, corresponding to the yin and yang lines in the hexagram. The six lines form one of the sixty-four hexagrams. According to the imagery and analogy techniques in the "Book of Changes", we can understand Liu Ji's purpose of setting up a defense. For example, the hexagram "Jin" talks about war preparation and tactics. However, due to the passage of time and vicissitudes of life, it is now impossible to identify which lane belongs to Yin or Yang, so it is impossible to determine which hexagram the Liuyao Lane originally belonged to. However, it is certain that the Acropolis is the layout of the Bagua universe.

According to Liuyao Lane: Jinxiang should only have six lanes, why are there eight? In fact, they are Liuyao Lane, Jia Ma Lane and Niu Lane (also known as Molin Lane). These two alleys date from after the city was built. The Niu Alley was where the garrison soldiers slaughtered cattle and sheep after entering the defense; the Horse Alley was where the soldiers forged their troops and horses, or where the stables were located. Niu Lane is parallel to Hengjie Street, from Lihe Street to Tiandeng Lane; Ma Lane is located at the west end of Wenchang Pavilion. As for the first and second lanes of South Gate, as they are now called by the people, they happened after the Republic of China. There were no such lanes before. The naming of the four city gates also has traces of King Wen's Houtian Bagua: Ruzhen means east and spring, the five elements belong to wood, and the sun rises in the southeast corner, so the east city gate is Yingxu Gate. Dui means west, which means joy and autumn. The five elements belong to gold, so the west city gate is the Laishang Gate. As for the North Wangjing Gate and the South Jinghai Gate, it is clear that the subjective consciousness of later generations has penetrated into them.

In addition to the four gates of the Acropolis, there are four water gates in the southeast, southwest, northeast and northwest respectively, forming a pattern of eight gates and nine palaces of Xiu, Sheng, Shang, Du, Jing, Death, Jing and Kai Bagua. For example, the southwest is the Gate of Death, which is where the Ganxi Cemetery is now and is the site of an ancient battlefield. This is the best place to kill the enemy. If the Japanese invaders invaded Jinxiang from the direction of Dayu or Xiaoyu, the defenders would attack from the south gate and they would be forced to the Ganxi battlefield. This place is surrounded by mountains on both sides and there is no other way. The enemy will surely be put to death. If the Japanese pirates escape to the west, they will be lured into the hinterland and become turtles in the urn.

To the northeast and northwest of the Acropolis, the Eight Diagrams belong to Shengmen and Kaimen, and to the north is Ximen. Because from outside the north gate of Jinxiang to Bafan and Maicheng, there was a flat plain at that time, which was a good place for our soldiers to recuperate. Now it is a basic farmland protection zone, a fertile soil for the people of Jiangnan to survive, and generations of descendants have lived and multiplied on this homeland.

From this point of view, it can be said that the choice of a geographical location that conforms to the pattern of eight gates and nine palaces when setting up a guard in Jinxiang was extremely ingenious.

Zhu Hongwu’s policy for establishing the country after the founding of the People’s Republic of China was Liu Ji’s nine-character strategic national policy of “building walls high, accumulating grain widely, and stabilizing hegemony”. It was also Zhu Yuanzhang’s order for Tang He to “border the sea and set up defenses” to build defenses along the country’s coasts. The historical background of the 59th Guards. The layout of the Forbidden City in Nanjing is exactly the same as that of Jinxiang, which is the layout of Liu Ji's Bagua City. Nanjing has "Xuanwu Gate" and "Xuanwu Lake", which are named after the "Qinglong, Suzaku, White Tiger, Xuanwu" in the Eight Diagrams.

Therefore, Jinxiang's "Jutian River" has been transformed into a pond. The meaning of fire protection also follows the purpose of Jinxiang being the Bagua City.

It is not so much that the Putcheng layout of Jinxiang is out of the needs of Yin and Yang Feng Shui, but rather it is out of the necessity of Liu Ji's military defense. Liuyao Lane, strictly speaking, was the Sixth Platoon Military Camp at that time and was not designed for residents. The yin and yang lines, with intermittent intervals, are the internal passages of the military camp to facilitate mutual communication. The width of the lane is only two or three meters, and two horses cannot run parallel. This layout is most suitable for street fighting and can be attacked and defended easily. Once the city gate is lost, you can also use your familiarity with the terrain to fight with the enemy and make the enemy enter the enchantment formation. The center of Jinxiangwei is Dacang Bridge and Xiaocang Bridge. It is where the troops store military supplies. Cao Cao of the Three Kingdoms all stored grain and grass under heavy guard. The grain harvesting methods of Okangqiao and Xiaocangqiao were based on this military strategy. Due to Liu Ji's military strategy, in order to transport grain and store grain before the city was founded, the South Canal was extended from the head of the river to Dacang Bridge in Jinxiang as early as 1384. The bridge stone of Dacang Bridge is now (the seventeenth year of Hongwu) (Building), Kuixing Pavilion in Xishuimen, and other ruins can serve as historical witnesses.

The Li River was not designed for sewage discharge, but for the purpose of transporting grain. At that time, the suspension bridges at the four city gates could not be hoisted during military emergencies. Grain and grass were mainly transported through the water gate to the hinterland of the Acropolis for accumulation.

Qishuijing is also for military needs. It is not only to provide daily drinking water, but also to prevent the soldiers and civilians from running out of water in the emergency situation of siege. Therefore, the wells are dug in the sun of Shishan Mountain to facilitate the drinking of the soldiers guarding the city wall. Many considerations stem from military needs. Tang He established a guard in Jinxiang, which shows Liu Ji's intentions.