Tell me why the ancient people's death penalty was set at "three o'clock at noon".
The ancients divided twenty-four hours a day into twelve hours in the twelve branches. It is also divided into one hundred engravings ("engraving" the notch on the drip bucket at the original designated time. Fight day and night for a hundred minutes). "hour" and "hour" are actually two sets of timing system units, which are more troublesome to convert, averaging eight and a third hours.
Twelve o'clock is
Midnight (23: 00 to 0 1: 00 Beijing time). Midnight, also known as midnight and midnight: the first hour of twelve o'clock.
Ugly time (0 1: 00 to 03: 00 Beijing time). Cockcrow, also known as pheasant: the second hour of twelve o'clock.
Yin Shi (03: 00 to 05: 00 Beijing time). Ping Dan, also known as Dawn, Dawn, Day Dan, etc. Time is the alternation of day and night.
Shi Mao (05: 00 to 07: 00 Beijing time). Sunrise, also known as the beginning of a day, dawn, rising sun, etc. Refers to the time when the sun just appeared and Ran Ran first rose.
Chen Shi (07: 00 to 09: 00 Beijing time). Meal time, also called breakfast, etc. When the ancients ate in the morning, it was also breakfast time.
Shi Si (09: 00 to 1 1: 00 Beijing time). Corner, also known as Yu Ri, etc. : near noon, it is called the corner.
At noon (Beijing time 1 1: 00 to 13: 00). Japan and China, also known as the sun is, noon, etc.
Not yet (Beijing time 13 to 15). Day? Me, also called sunset, sun center, etc. : The sun sets to the west. .
Shenshi (Beijing time 15 to 17). Hello, it's also called day shop, evening meal, etc.
Unitary time (Beijing time 17 to 19). Sunrise, also known as sunset, sunset and dusk: refers to the time when the sun sets.
Qi Shi (Beijing time 19 to Beijing time 2 1). Dusk, also known as sunset, sunset glow, dusk, etc. At this time, the sun has set and the sky will be dark. The world is dark and everything is hazy, so it is called dusk.
Shihai (Beijing time 2 1 hour to 23: 00). People are determined, also called unconscious, etc. It was already deep at this time, and people stopped their activities and had a rest. Calm means quiet.
It takes two hours every hour.
In ancient times, it was regarded as night watch, sea watch, home watch, home watch, home watch, home watch, home watch and home watch. There are five classes at night, and drums are played according to the class, with five points for each class. One hour per shift is equivalent to two hours now, which is 120 minutes, so each point in each shift only takes 24 minutes. It can be seen that "cooking at four o'clock and sailing at five o'clock" is equivalent to "65438+ cooking at 0: 00 to 3: 00 in the middle of the night and sailing at 3: 00 to 5: 00". "5: 00 and 3: 00" are equivalent to 5: 00 and 72 minutes in the morning, namely 6: 00 and 12 minutes, and "3: 00 and 4: 00" are equivalent to 1 and 96 minutes at midnight, namely 2: 36 minutes.
In ancient times, time was measured by clepsydra. The leaky pot is divided into two parts: the sowing pot and the receiving pot. The seeding kettle is divided into two or four layers, both of which have dripping holes, and finally flow into the receiving kettle. The kettle has an upright arrow engraved with 100 minutes. The arrow gradually rises with the storage of water, showing the number of minutes to show the time. And a 24-hour day and night is 100 minutes, which is equivalent to 1440 minutes now. It can be seen that each moment is equivalent to 14.4 minutes now.
"3 noon" is equivalent to noon 1: 43.2, nearly noon 12. The sun is hanging in the middle of the sky, which is the shortest shadow on the ground. At that time, people thought it was the peak of yang in a day.
In ancient China, people always thought that killing people was a "dirty thing". Whether the murdered person deserves it or not, his ghost will always haunt the judge who made the judgment, the official who supervised the execution, the executioner who executed the execution and so on. Therefore, the execution of the death penalty at the peak of Yang Can will inhibit the appearance of ghosts. This should be the main reason for the habitual "three-quarter noon" implementation.
Then, did the ancient law stipulate that the death penalty should be executed at 3: 00 noon? That's not true. For example, in the Tang and Song Dynasties, the law stipulated that every year from beginning of spring to the autumnal equinox, as well as the first month, May, September, big sacrifice day, Lent day, 24 solar terms days, the first and second day of each month, there was no birthday killing (that is, every tenth, first day, eighth day, fourteenth, fifteenth, eighteenth, twenty-third, twenty-eighth, twenty-ninth, thirtieth). Moreover, it also stipulates that the death penalty shall not be executed in the case of "the rainy night is not clear".
Some people think that according to this regulation, the death penalty can be executed for less than 80 days in a year in the Tang Dynasty. At the time of execution, the Tang Law clearly stipulates that execution can only be carried out during the period from untimely to the application for execution (about this afternoon 1 to 5: 00). Not "3: 15 noon". The laws of Ming and Qing Dynasties only stipulated the date of execution similar to that of Tang Dynasty, but did not specify the time of execution.
Since there is no explicit provision in the law, the saying of "execution at noon at three o'clock" in novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties should only be the practice of the government at that time, or the general view of storytellers and writers.
At 3: 40 noon, the operation was performed, and the yang was extremely high, and the yin dissipated immediately. This heinous crime should be "not even allowed to do ghosts" to show severe punishment.
Yin and Yang experts say that Yang is the most abundant, which is different from modern astronomy. Not at noon, but at three o'clock. In ancient times, beheading was carried out in different periods, that is, beheading was important. Generally, beheading is to operate at noon and let it have a ghost to do; Repeater or heinous criminals must choose the operation at 3: 30 noon, and don't let it be a ghost. The meridian gate of the imperial city is also the most prosperous, regardless of time, so the emperor ordered those who beheaded at the meridian gate to make them have no ghosts to do.