Ask a cultural relic expert, what is "paving"?

Specifically, it is the knocker on the door leaf of the gate, which is for people to knock on the door and has decorative significance. Especially in feudal society, people are superstitious and think that the most important way to prevent all monsters from entering the door on weekdays is to put a monster with a knocker on the knocker of the gate to prevent monsters from entering the door. This is the monster drill ring.

First, the shop made a monster with its head wide open and an iron ring in its mouth. This is the so-called "animal face ring", which is usually made of copper and iron. It is placed at the height of the gate, which is equivalent to the height of the human body. In feudal society, almost all important city gates were paved.

The shop head on the door has been widely used since the Han Dynasty. Most of the buildings in the Han dynasty are invisible today, and can be basically learned from indirect information. Ming wares (architectural models of Han Dynasty) are often unearthed in tombs of Han Dynasty. At that time, when people were buried after death, they first had to make funerary wares (the life, life experience, houses and doors of the deceased were all made of earthenware and then fired). Generally, there are such funerary wares in large tombs.

There are several houses in the Ming wares of the Han Dynasty unearthed in Guangzhou, and a door in the * * * was made into a "shop head ring". The wooden door unearthed in Suide County, Shaanxi Province is paved with "strange biting rings". There are also paving heads on the wooden doors in the portrait of Pengxian County, Sichuan Province. The door leaf of the east gate of Hanguguan in Han Dynasty has a "head ring". In addition, as can be seen from the literature, the gate of the Han Dynasty bronze unearthed from Le Lang's tomb also has a "head ring". Paving was quite common in Han dynasty and has been widely used, especially in city gates and tombs.

The monster carved on the door leaf unearthed from the Han tomb in Dahuting, Mi County, Henan Province, has two horns, a big nose and small eyes, a bit ring in the mouth and a wide and round iron ring. The surface of the iron gate ring has also been carefully carved, and there are also Han Dynasty carvings on the door panels. Laojunmiao, Guoyang County, Anhui Province, has a shop head on the double-fan stone door, which is carved very carefully. Big nose, small eyes, two horns protruding from the side of the nose, both of which are forked. There is a ring in the mouth under the nose, an iron ring is made into a three-ring pattern cover, and each cheek sticks out its claws. The monster looks lifelike and scary. These two doors were both in the middle of the Han Dynasty and were well preserved.

It has a history of more than 2,000 years since the Han Dynasty, so when we inspect ancient buildings, we often encounter upper bunks. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, paving the floor was also used for more advanced buildings, especially big houses. With the development of history, people have changed their berths slightly. Some knockers that removed the animal's face from the gate and replaced it with nails are still in use, and some gates still use animal's face rings.