Solar terms arrangement method

But I wish I could help you. * How to determine the size of the lunar calendar in China? The lunar calendar is based on the changes of the moon. The number of days in the lunar calendar depends on which day the new moon sets. In ancient China, it was calculated by formula, supplemented by actual observation, and the calculation formula was recorded in detail in the Book of Later Han Dynasty. Now calculating the time of the new moon is to directly calculate the time when the moon is just on the same plane as the earth and the sun by using the method of celestial mechanics. At this time, from the earth, the longitude of the moon and the sun is the same, and the date of the new moon is set as the first day of the lunar calendar. From the day when the new moon appears to the day when the next new moon appears, this period of time is called the lunar month or the full moon. A new moon is about 29.53059 days. When the dates of the two stages of phosphorus differ by 29 days, it is abortion; If the dates differ by 30 days, it is a big month. However, there are big and small months in the lunar calendar, which are not arranged at intervals, because the big and small months depend entirely on the time of the new moon, so there may be big and small months. Tam/FAQ/03011401* Calculation of lunar leap month Why is there a leap month in the lunar calendar? The lunar leap month is to coordinate the contradiction between the tropic year and the lunar year. What is the contradiction between the tropic year and the lunar year? Remember first: the total length of the tropic year is 365.2422 days, and the length of the first lunar month is 29.5306 days. Twelve lunar months constitute lunar year, with a length of 29.5306× 12=354.3672 days, which is 10.88 days less than the return period and nearly1/day.

0.965438+ 0 days less per month

Nearly 1 day. Accordingly, if the Spring Festival in one year of the lunar calendar is a snowy winter, the Spring Festival in the next year will be 1 1 day earlier than the season, and 16 Lunar New Year will appear in the hot summer. If the lunar year consists of thirteen lunar months, the length is 29.5306× 13=383.8978 days, which is more than the tropic year 18 days. If the calendar is made according to the above regulations, there will be a strange phenomenon that the weather is inconsistent with the calendar and the time order is disordered and reversed-this is contradiction. In order to overcome this shortcoming, our ancestors found the method of "leap month" on the basis of astronomical observation, ensuring that the first month to March is spring, April to June is summer, July to September is autumn, and October to December is winter, while ensuring that the first year of the lunar calendar is in late winter and early spring. The mid-year month of the lunar calendar is based on the length of 29.5306 days in the first lunar month, so the big month is 30 days and the small month is 29 days. In order to ensure that the first day of each month (the first day) must be a new moon, the arrangement of large and small months is not fixed and needs to be determined through strict observation and calculation. Therefore, it is very common to be big or small for two consecutive months in the lunar calendar, and even there are rare exceptions, such as 1990 in which March and April are small, and 9, 10,1,1February are big for four consecutive months. So how often do you add leap months? The best way is to find the least common multiple of the number of days in the tropical year and the number of days in the lunar month: we hope that the number of days in m tropical years is equal to the number of days in n lunar months, that is, there should be an equation: m×365.2422=n×29.5306. In this equation, we can't find m and n directly. But we can calculate their ratio: m/n=29.5306/365.2422. The approximate values of this ratio are: m/n =112 = 2/25 = 5/37 = 8/99 =1/60. For example, the sixth fractional formula 19/235 indicates that seven leap months must be added to the tropical year 19. 19 tropical year plus 7 leap months: 19 tropical year =19× 365.2422 = 6939.6018 (days). A lunar month has 29.5306 days, and 235 lunar months = 235 × 29. The contradiction only eliminates one difference: 6939.438+00-6939.438+08 = 0.092 (days)-that is, more than 2 hours and 9 minutes, which is accurate enough. Therefore, the lunar calendar adopts the method of 19 plus 7 leap months, that is, "19 7 leap month method", which well coordinates the year of the tropic and the lunar year, so that the New Year's Day (Spring Festival) of the lunar calendar is always kept at the end of winter and the beginning of spring. The ancients called 235 moons "leap week". The method of placing leap in the lunar calendar can make the average length of the lunar year close to the tropic year. The moon in the lunar calendar has distinct moon phase characteristics, which keeps the best characteristics of both the solar calendar and the lunar calendar. At present, the method of setting leap is between two winter solstice. If it is only 12 months, it is not a leap; if it is 13 months, it is a leap. Leap month begins from the winter solstice. When the first month without "neutral spirit" appears, this month is a leap month, and its name is to add the word "leap" in front of the previous month. What month is the lunar leap month? It depends on the 24 solar terms in a year. In the China lunar calendar, 24 solar terms are divided into 12 solar terms and 12 neutral terms. The date of the twenty-four solar terms of the lunar calendar is postponed month by month, so in some lunar months, the gas falls at the end of the month, and it will be out of gas next month. Generally, there will be a month without gas every two years, which coincides with the year when leap months are needed. Therefore, the lunar calendar stipulates that non-neutral months are leap months. For example, April 29th of lunar calendar 200 1 is full of breath, and the first day of next month is the next summer solstice in Qi. If there is no gas this month, it will be a leap month, after April, so it is called April and June. The calculation of the moon phase at (1) is based on east longitude 120 degrees (Purple Mountain Observatory in Nanjing, China). (2) A new moon = the elapsed time from the new moon to the new moon = 29.53059 days. The day when the new moon appears is the first day (3) 1 year = the time from the first day of the first lunar month to the first day of the next lunar month. (4) 1 year = the time from winter solstice to the next winter solstice, which is about 365 days. (5) The winter solstice must be in the lunar calendar 1 1 month (the second month). (6) If a month in the lunar calendar has only solar terms and no neutral atmosphere, that month shall be a leap month in the previous month. (7) The number of leap months is the same as that of normal months, which is 29 or 30 days. As a kind of lunar calendar, the number of days in a month depends on the profit and loss of the lunar phase, and the time of one year is based on 12 months. In order to close the earth's cycle around the sun (1 tropical year), one month is added at regular intervals, and the added month is a leap month. So the lunar leap year is 13 months. Usually 19 is a leap month, and a month without gas is a leap month. There is no thirteenth month in the lunar calendar. According to the calendar rules, a leap month repeats in the same month after any month, and the repeated month is a leap month. For example, the leap month after April is called leap April. There are differences between years and years in the lunar calendar: a year refers to the length of time from one winter to the next winter, while a year refers to the length of time from the first day of one month to the first day of the next month. Note that they are different in length. January means the length from one new moon to the next. If a year contains 12 whole months, then this year is a leap year. In leap year, the first neutral month is leap month, and the corresponding year is leap year. There is also a rule in the lunar calendar that the winter solstice must fall on 1 1 month of the lunar calendar. One month in the lunar calendar is the first month, and the lunar year usually has 12 first months (= 354.36708 days), which is shorter than the tropic year 1 0.8438+02 days. Lunar leap year has 13 lunar months (= 383.89767 days), which is longer than the tropic year 1 8.6547 days. The length of 19 tropic year is 6939. 18 days, while the length of 19x 12+7=235 moons (seven leap years in nineteen years) is 6939.665 days. It can be seen that the rule of setting seven leap in nineteen years is to coordinate the difference of days between lunar year and tropic year. Because the lunar year of 1 is about 11day shorter than the tropical year of1,the first day of the first lunar month in the following year is earlier than the tropical year of the Gregorian calendar 1 1 day; In case of leap year, the delay is about 19 days. The lunar calendar basically takes 19 as a cycle, corresponding to the same time in the Gregorian calendar. For example, in the Gregorian calendar, May 27th, 2006, 5438+0, May 27th 1982 and May 27th 1963 are the fifth day of leap April. Occasionally there are exceptions. For example, on the Gregorian calendar, April 4th 19 17 is February 13, April 4th 1936 is March 13 and April 4th 1955 is March/kloc-0. However, the corresponding dates are not far apart. China's twenty-four solar terms, the solar calendar, the ecliptic, beginning of spring February 4/5 3 15, the rain February 18/ 19 330, the shock March 5/6 345, the vernal equinox March 20/2 1 0, Qingming April 4/5 15, Grain Rain April 65438. 6th, 45 hours, May 20/2 1, 60 hours, June 5/6, 75 solstice, June 2 1/22, 90 summer, July 7/8, 105 summer, July 22/23. 24th 150 White Dew September 7/8 165 Autumnal Equinox September 22/23 180 Cold Dew 65438+1October 8/9 195 First Frost 65438+/Kloc-. 8 th 225 light snow165438+1October 22 /23 rd 240 heavy snow 65438+February 7 /8 th 255 winter solstice 65438+February 22 nd 265438+1October 22 nd 270 slight cold 65438+.

Reference:. qid = 7006 1 1260279 1