Explain the following words
Instruments (lái lóng qù mài)
Explanation Originally refers to the trend and direction of mountains rising and falling like a dragon's body. It is a metaphor for the cause and effect of an event or the origin of a person. It is also reflected in Feng Shui. Dragon: In the old days, people who were superstitious about Feng Shui compared the rolling mountains and rivers to "dragons". Lailong: The location of the dragon's head is called "Lailong". If you are in a place with a dragon, you will be lucky, successful and prosperous. ①The terrain that is connected like a vein from the dragon's head to the dragon's tail is called "the ins and outs". ② Metaphor for the origin of people or things, or the causes and consequences of things. Also known as "Lailongjiemai".
Source: Ming·Wu Qiurui's "Yunbi Ji·Niu Mianzhi Point": "There is good land on the front hill here, with the ins and outs, leaning on the ridge and facing the mountain, everything is qualified."
Usage Conjunctive; used as subject and object; used to describe events
Example Yang Mo's "Song of Youth" Part 2, Chapter 2: "But what does he do? How does he... What's going on?"
Jiao Yulu said seriously: "We must find out what it is, defeat it, and subdue it." ★Jun Qing's "The Glory of Jiao Yulu"
Synonyms have a beginning and an end. Cause and effect, one continuous line
Antonym: beginning but no end, beginning and no end
Word title like tiger with wings
Pronunciation rú hǔ tiān yì
Interpretation as if a tiger has wings . It is a metaphor that powerful people get help to become more powerful. It can be used in both a complimentary and a derogatory sense.
From Zhuge Liang's "Xin Shu·Military Plan" of the Three Kingdoms and Shu: "The general can hold the power of the army and control the power of the army. When he is facing the group, his arms are like The tiger has wings and can soar across the sea."
Example Because the gangsters knew very well that once these two things were in Jiang Qingshan's hands, no amount of people could do anything to him. (Qu Bo's "Lin Hai Xue Yuan" 27)
Synonyms such as a tiger spreading wings, such as a tiger gaining wings, such as a tiger gaining wings, such as a fish gaining water
Idiom name Lao Ma knows the way
Chinese Pinyin lǎo mǎ shí tú
The idiom explains Tu, road, road. Lao Ma knows the road he has traveled before. It is a metaphor that an experienced person is familiar with the situation and can provide guidance in a certain aspect. It is often used to describe someone who is experienced as a leader.
Idiom usage: subject and predicate; used as subject and predicate; with complimentary meaning
The source of the idiom is "Han Feizi·Shuo Lin Shang"
Original text
"Guan Zhong, Xi Peng followed Yu Huan Gong and cut down the lonely bamboo. Spring turned to winter, and he was confused and lost his way. Guan Zhong said: "The wisdom of the old horse can be used. "He let the old horse go and followed him, and he learned the way." There was no water in the mountains. Xi Peng said: "Ants live in the sun of the mountain in winter and in the shade of the mountain in summer. There is water within an inch of ant soil." "So he dug it and got water. With Guan Zhong's sage and Xi Peng's wisdom, it's not difficult to learn from the old horse or old ant until he doesn't know it. Today's people not only use their foolish minds to learn the wisdom of the saints, but also go too far. ?
Original explanation
In the Spring and Autumn Period, Guan Zhong and Xi Peng once went on an expedition to the Guzhu Kingdom with Duke Huan of Qi. When they returned home in triumph, they got lost during the march at night and could not move forward. Guan Zhong said: “The old horse knows the way. "So he let go of the old war horse and let it move forward freely. The whole army followed it, and soon they found the road back to Qi. As they passed through the mountainous area, there was no more water in the army. Xi Peng said: " Ants build their nests in the south of the mountain in winter and in the north of the mountain in summer. If you dig down an inch away from the ant nest, you can dig out a water source. "He ordered people to dig the ground, and springs came out. With Guan Zhong's sage and Xi Peng's wisdom, they still have to take the old horse and the ant as their teachers. But now people don't admit their ignorance and don't know how to learn and absorb the wisdom of the saints. Is it too much?
Background story
Source: "Han Feizi. On the Forest"
Guan Zhong and Xi Peng followed Huan Gong to cut down the lonely bamboo. Returning to winter, he was confused and lost his way. Guan Zhong said: "The old horse's wisdom can be used." "You let the old horse go and follow it, and you get the Tao.
Interpretation of "road". The old horse knows the road. It is a metaphor for an experienced person who is familiar with the situation and can provide guidance in a certain aspect.
Story In 663 BC, at the request of Yan State, Duke Huan of Qi sent troops to attack the Shanrong invaders of Yan State. Prime Minister Guan Zhong and doctor Xi Peng accompanied him. The Qi army went out in the spring, and when they returned in triumph, it was already winter, and the vegetation had changed. The army wandered around in a valley in the high mountains, and finally lost its way and could never find its way back. Although many groups of spies were sent to explore the road, they still couldn't figure out where to get out of the valley. As time passed, the army encountered difficulties in providing supplies. The situation is very critical. If we don't find a way out, the army will be trapped here. Guan Zhong thought about it for a long time and came up with an idea: since dogs can find their way home even if they are far away, then horses in the army, especially old horses, will also have the ability to know the road. So he said to Duke Huan of Qi: "Your Majesty, I think the old horse has the ability to recognize the road. We can use it to lead the way and lead the army out of the valley." Duke Huan of Qi agreed to give it a try. Guan Zhong immediately picked out a few old horses, unbridled them, and let them walk freely at the front of the army. It's strange that these old horses all move in the same direction without hesitation. The army followed them east and west, and finally walked out of the valley and found the road back to Qi. Guan Zhong and Xi Peng followed Duke Huan of Qi to expedition to Guzhu in the north. They returned from spring to winter. They lost their way on the way home because there was no guide who was familiar with the geography. Guan Zhong said: "The wisdom of the old horse can be used." So he indulged the old horse. In front of the army, let them go where they want, follow them, and then return home with enlightenment. While marching in the mountains, there was no water to drink. Xi Peng said: "Ants live on the south side of the mountain in winter and on the north side of the mountain in summer. There is water wherever the ants' soil is an inch deep and a foot deep." So he excavated the ant nest and found it. water source. With the wisdom of Guan Zhong and Xi Peng, they did not regard it as a shame to ask for advice from Lao Ma and Ant when it came to things they did not understand. However, people nowadays do not admit their ignorance and do not know how to learn and absorb the wisdom of saints. , isn’t that too much?
dāi ruò mù jī (dāi ruò mù jī)
Explanation: to be as dumb as a wooden chicken. Describes the state of being stunned by fear or surprise.
From "Zhuangzi Dasheng" by Zhuang Zhou: "Although the chicken crows, it has not changed. It looks like a wooden chicken; its virtue is complete, and no one who dares to respond to a different chicken will go away.
Used more formally; used as predicate, adverbial, complement; with derogatory meaning
Example Chen Shixu's "The General in a Small Town": "When people first see the general, They were all surprised~.
The dumb chicken is selected from "Zhuangzi·Waipian·Dasheng"
Original text
Ji Zhuzi raised fighting cocks for the king. On the tenth day, he asked, "Is the chicken ready?" He said, "Not yet, Fang is weak and depressed and relying on his energy." On the tenth day, he asked again, "Not yet, I still should face the scenery." On the tenth day, he asked again, " At the end of the day, I still looked at him with anger and anger." On the tenth day, he asked again, "How long is it? Otherwise, go away."
Ji Chu [〔渻] is pronounced as shěng. ] Ziweiwang [王] refers to the King of Qi. Raise fighting cocks. On the tenth day, he asked: "Is the chicken ready?" [[Chicken is ready] means has the fighting cock been raised? ] Said: "Weiye, Fang is empty and relies on Qi." [[Xu and Qi] is vain and proud, and relies on one's own Qi. , through "arrogance". ] asked again on the tenth day, saying: "Weiye, I should still be facing the scenery." [[Yuying Xiangjing] I still react when I hear sounds or see images, which means that my heart is still restrained by external objects. To, pass "ring". Scenery, through "shadow". ] asked again on the tenth day, saying: "Not yet, I still look at it quickly and full of energy." Asked again on the tenth day, saying: "How many years have it been? Although the chicken crows, it has not changed. It looks like a wooden chicken. Virtue [[德]virtue, can be understood as the basic quality of a fighting cock], and those who dare not respond will go away."
Translation
Ji Zhuzi domesticated fighting cocks for King Xuan of Zhou Dynasty. Ten days later, King Xuan of Zhou asked, "Has the chicken been tamed?" Ji Zhuzi replied, "No, he is vain, arrogant and self-reliant." Ten days later, King Xuan of Zhou asked again, and replied, "No, if you hear the sound, you will "It screams and jumps when it sees a shadow." Ten days later, King Zhou Xuan asked again, and he replied, "It's still so fast and energetic." Another ten days later, King Zhou Xuan asked, and he replied, "It's almost the same."
Even if other chickens crow, it will not change much and looks like a wooden chicken. Its virtues can be said to be complete. Other chickens do not dare to challenge, so they turn around and run away. ”
There was a Mr. Ji who raised chickens for King Qi. These chickens were not ordinary old hens, but fighting cocks that had to be trained to participate in competitions.
Mr. Ji only raised 10 chickens. Heaven, King Qi asked impatiently: "Have you raised it yet?"
Mr. Ji replied: "It's not over yet. Now these chickens are still very proud and extremely arrogant." "
Ten days later, King Qi came to ask again, and Mr. Ji replied: "Not yet. As soon as they hear the sound or see the shaking figure, they start to panic. "
Ten days later, King Qi came again. Of course, he was still concerned about his fighting cock. Mr. Ji said: "No, he is still sharp-eyed and domineering.
Ten days later, King Qi had given up hope and came to see his fighting cock. Unexpectedly, Mr. Ji said this time: "It's almost done. Although the cock sometimes crows, it won't panic." , but it looks like a chicken made of wood, and I am completely ready mentally. The other chickens didn't dare to challenge, so they just ran away. ”
Later, people extended the idiom “dumbfounded” to mean being very stupid (yú), and also to describe being in a daze because of fear or surprise.