Cultivation method and function of jasmine flower
Jasmine began to bloom in early summer. If properly managed, it can blossom in three phases.
In early June, jasmine flowers bloom one after another, but these flowers are generally very small and few, so they need to be picked in time, otherwise they will consume too much nutrients, affect the quality and quantity of their later flowering, delay the flowering period and affect the appreciation. The method of picking flowers is to pick the tender branches with leaves, so as to promote the new branches to germinate again and flourish. At this time, light fat water is applied twice a week to keep the basin soil moist.
Late June to early July is the first stage of flowering. At this time, it is necessary to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, apply thin fertilizer frequently, apply/kloc-0 every two days, and apply fully decomposed organic liquid fertilizer, with the ratio of fertilizer to water of 1: 4. Watering should be sufficient, generally 2 days 1 time. Usually watering should be done in the morning and fertilizing should be done at night. This situation will last until the end of July, because of the abundant fertilizer and water, the flowers bloom greatly.
In early August, the second stage of flowering, when fertilization is slightly thicker than before, it is generally appropriate to divide fertilizer and water equally. In order to promote jasmine to bloom better, calcium superphosphate solution can also be sprayed on the leaves. By the end of August, fertilization was gradually reduced, and 1 time was applied for 6 to 7 days, but more water was needed, and 1 time was maintained for 2 days.
From early September to early 10, the third stage flower is formed. At this time, fertilization should be stopped and the amount of watering should be gradually reduced. Because the weather has gradually turned cold, which will affect the formation of flower buds, the number of these flowers is small, and the flowering will end after the middle of 10, and the pot soil can be kept slightly wet.
How to make jasmine blossom more?
1. Environment and lighting: Jasmine likes a hot, humid, ventilated environment and needs sufficient lighting. Molly is afraid of cold. Potted jasmine in the south can be cultivated outdoors for the winter. In the north, keep warm in autumn and winter, move indoors and put it in the south direction. Strong sunlight makes branches strong, leaves dark green and flowers more fragrant, while insufficient sunlight makes flowers less fragrant.
Second, moisture: jasmine is not drought-tolerant, but it is necessary to avoid water accumulation. Pour out the water in the basin in time during the rainy season, otherwise the leaves will turn yellow easily. Water the leaves twice a day on a hot sunny day in summer, once in the morning and once in the evening. If you find the leaves drooping, spray water on them to promote growth.
3. Soil: It is best to plant jasmine in fertile sandy and semi-sandy soil. When planted in slightly acidic soil with pH value of 6-6.5, the root system will be dense and grow vigorously. If the soil is sticky, lacks matrix, has low fertility and poor ventilation, there will be fewer roots, short plants, slender stems and leaves, and few and small flowers.
Fertilization: The high temperature season in midsummer is the peak of jasmine growth. Apply more organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, such as peanut cake powder, bone meal, calcium superphosphate and multi-element flower fertilizer twice a month. In summer, jasmine is often leafy but does not bloom. The main reason is that too much nitrogen fertilizer is applied, resulting in too many branches and leaves. In this case, it is necessary to control fertilizer and water, apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to promote germination, and at the same time pay attention to moving jasmine to a sunny and well-ventilated place.
5. Pruning: Jasmine grows very fast in summer, so it should be pruned in time. The base of potted jasmine is trimmed to 10 cm to 15 cm, which will promote most robust new shoots. For example, new shoots grow vigorously, and when they grow to 10 cm, they should be pruned to promote the growth of secondary branches, which will lead to more flowers and compact plant types. After the flowers wither, the branches should be cut off in time to reduce nutrient consumption, which is also conducive to promoting the growth of new shoots, making the branches dense, with more buds and more flowers.
6. Pest control: Jasmine often suffers from moth larvae, scale insects and red spiders, which are the most serious from July to September and often eat flower buds. It can be sprayed with universal powder or pyrethroid and 200 times of water once every half month, even if there are no pests and diseases, so as to prevent problems before they happen. The suitable spraying time is 9: 00 am and 4: 00 pm on sunny days, and it is not suitable to spray in the hot sun at noon to prevent phytotoxicity.
Seven, flowering maintenance: don't spray water on the flowers during flowering to prevent premature flowering and fragrance loss. When it rains, the potted jasmine should be moved to a shelter.
Conservation of potted jasmine in northern China
The culture soil is made of jasmine-like, fertile and loose, slightly acidic soil with good drainage. 4 parts of general pastoral soil, 4 parts of compost soil, 2 parts of river sand or chaff ash, and an appropriate amount of fully decomposed cake powder, chicken and duck manure, etc. Be used. You can also create your own cultural soil. Garden soil and animal and plant raw materials (such as vegetable leaves, branches and leaves, melon and fruit skins, feathers, fish viscera, etc.). ) according to the preparation of a layer of soil and a layer of animal and plant raw materials, put them into plastic bags or flowerpots and compact them with rice washing water. In this way, after a winter, the soil suitable for jasmine planting can be made. In order to keep the soil slightly acidic, 0.2% ferrous sulfate water can be poured every 10 day.
After two to three years of growth, the roots of jasmine in potted soil are intertwined, and the rational performance of cultivated soil becomes worse. At this time, if the pots are not changed, the growth of jasmine will be seriously affected. Better change the jar before Molly leaves the room. Generally, when changing pots, the roots are not trimmed, and new nutrient soil is replaced. Some bone meal and horseshoe blocks at the bottom of pots are used as base fertilizer, and then the pots are watered.
Proper watering should be based on the characteristics of jasmine, like being wet and afraid of stagnant water, and like breathing freely. From April to May in spring, jasmine is sprouting and spreading its leaves, with low temperature and little water consumption. It can be watered once every two to three days, and it must be watered thoroughly at noon. May-June is the spring flower period, and watering is slightly more than the previous period. June to August is the dog days, with the highest temperature, and it is also the blooming period of jasmine. The sunshine is strong and the water demand is high, so it can be watered once in the morning and evening. When the weather is dry, you should also spray water on the ground around the leaves and pots. From September to June 10, you can water it every 0-2 days from June 10, and the amount of water must be strictly controlled in winter, otherwise the humidity of the basin soil is too high and the temperature is too low, which is not conducive to jasmine overwintering. As far as the principle of watering during the growing period is concerned, it means that if you don't do it, the soil in the basin will be watered thoroughly.
Proper fertilization Jasmine likes fertilization, especially when the flowering period is long. Families can use kitchen waste to make liquid fertilizer. Such as fish viscera, rice washing water, bean cake and black alum (ferrous sulfate), are put into a water tank and exposed to the sun for about 20 days before use. The fertilizer water prepared in this way can not only meet the demand of jasmine for fertilizer water, but also change the pH value of soil. Fertilization should master the principle of thin fertilizer and diligent application.
Apply fertilizer just after coming out of the layer, the fertilizer solution should be light, once a week, and the ratio of fertilizer to water is 1: 5. The ratio of fertilizer to water should be 1: 1. Fertilization should be carried out 65,438+0 times every 4 days under the blooming high temperature, so it is best to fatten the branches. Generally, watering them in the morning and fertilizing them at night, and dissolving the water the next day is beneficial to the root absorption of jasmine. Before the first frost comes, it should be applied less or stopped to improve the maturity of branches and be beneficial to overwintering. Fertilization can be mastered flexibly, usually at night. Before application, loosen the soil with a spatula and then apply it. Pay attention not to fertilize when the basin soil is too dry or wet, and the fertilization effect is the best when the basin soil seems to be dry and not dry. Jasmine only grows branches and leaves without flowering, which is mainly caused by too much nitrogen fertilizer and insufficient sunshine. For example, applying more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, according to the habit of liking light, is generally not difficult to get pregnant and bloom in the sun.
Pruning branches and leaves Jasmine is usually pruned by changing pots before leaving the house every year.
Specific measures: after the pot soil is dried, all the leaves except four pairs of old leaves on each branch are cut off, but care should be taken not to damage the buds in the leaf axils. Jasmine usually grows five batches of branches a year, the first batch is strong, the second batch is strong, the third batch is weak, and the fourth and fifth batches are very weak. Thin branches should be cut off, because they can't breed buds in large numbers, and they waste nutrients and affect light transmission.
How to make jasmine blossom? First of all, do a good job of picking buds. Around the end of May, new buds are sprouting, and then buds are born for the first time. At this time, the temperature is slightly lower, the temperature difference between day and night is large, the buds are underdeveloped, the flowers are small, and the fragrance of flowers is poor. In order to promote more new buds to germinate and produce more and better buds, these weak buds should be cut off at the third pair of leaves below them in time, and only the branches with no buds should be cut off, so as to be cut off. At this time, when each batch of flower buds is about the size of mung beans, when the first flower just appears white, the pot soil can be dried temporarily, and then watered when the young leaves and flower buds of the plant droop, so that nutrients and water can be supplied to the flower branches in a centralized way, and the jasmine flowers can bloom more. Do the above, plus reasonable water and fertilizer management, your jasmine will be full of flowers and branches. The fragrance of jasmine can make people feel comfortable, regulate qi and relieve depression, and put it in the office can improve work efficiency.
Attachment: The functions of various floral scents:
Recently, scientists have proved that flowers are a kind of nutritious food resources worth developing and a useful medicinal material. There is a folk saying: "Oasis flowers are poisonous, safflower is detoxified, and white flowers are rich in nutrition." Really, flowers are a "good helper" for our health care and treatment. The fragrance of flowers stimulates nerve cells in the brain, regulates the metabolism of the whole body, and achieves the balance of physiological and psychological functions. When the aromatic stimulus is transmitted from the olfactory nerve to the amygdala, hippocampus and cingulate gyrus of the brain, it produces a taste for floral fragrance, which can relieve the nervous tension by regulating people's nervous function, so that people's depressed mood can be relieved and their spirits can be uplifted. Coordinate autonomic nerves. After the fragrance molecules of flowers are absorbed by respiratory mucosa, it can promote the increase of immunoglobulin molecules and improve human resistance. Flower fragrance can also resist harmful gases, keep the air fresh, vacuum, cool down, heat up and reduce noise.
The fragrance of osmanthus fragrans has bactericidal effect;
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The fragrance of roses not only makes people feel happy, but also broadens their minds and promotes blood circulation;
The fragrance of gardenia can clear liver and gallbladder, which is beneficial to the rehabilitation of hepatobiliary diseases;
Chlorophytum and Clivia can absorb the harmful gas in the oil knee emitted by furniture and ceiling;
The rich fragrance of cordate telosma can repel mosquitoes and prevent diseases.
In addition, the floral fragrance of sandalwood can be used as one of the adjuvant treatment methods for pulmonary tuberculosis. Chrysanthemum can absorb harmful gaseous sulfur, mint fragrance can relieve cold symptoms, and camellia can absorb hydrogen.