Types of continuation
This is childlike innocence, this is childlike innocence. Cartoons and cartoons, flowers and animals, heaven and earth, legends and anecdotes ... imagine what you want and write how you want. This is "imaginary composition"! About imaginary composition, the Chinese curriculum standard says-"can write simple narrative and imaginary composition"; "write imaginary things"; "You can write down what you see, feel and imagine in an informal way"; "Use association and imagination to enrich the expression content"; "Stimulate students' imagination and fantasy and encourage them to write imaginary things" provides favorable conditions and broad space for students to write independently, reduces the constraints on students' writing and encourages free expression and creative expression. "
..... is really liberation, liberation, liberation again! Composition teaching has ushered in the era of great liberation, and children's exercises have gained more free space. Under this background, from the 200 1 school year to the 2002 school year, our county has carried out special teaching and research activities on sex composition teaching throughout the county for many times.
Several teachers from experimental primary school, Zhaishan primary school and Tongling primary school also participated in three successful open classes of imaginative composition. All these have broadened the horizons of most of our front-line teachers and provided us with valuable experience.
Based on my county's teaching and research experience in recent years, my own teaching practice, and various online newspapers, magazines, papers and related materials, the author is delighted to find that the imaginative composition is indeed rich in connotation and full of charm. Content determines form, and composition teaching must start with content, and imaginative composition is no exception.
The author thinks that imaginary composition can be roughly divided into two categories: material composition and imaginary composition. Among them, material composition can be divided into text composition, material composition and abstract composition.
First, the material composition (1) Text material composition This kind of composition is based on certain article texts, stories and legends, and it is extended and extended, so that students can use their imagination to expand, continue or rewrite stories. From the perspective of subject matter, there are mainly the following situations: 1, and the new extension of the old text comes from the text in the textbook, such as whether the little boy will come back after the little photographer I taught, what will the future of the little Red Army look like in difficult times, what will happen if I live on the street in Little Match Girl, and the return of Uncle Yu Le published in Dongshan Island Composition Garden for Primary and Secondary Schools.
2. Re-edit old stories, and continue to edit and adapt stories with familiar fairy tales and legends (sources are different from textbooks). For example, the New Tortoise and Rabbit Race taught by Chen Yukun, the Postscript of Journey to the West and Today's Journey to the West published by the composition garden, and the representative work of a 7-year-old pupil in Shenzhen, the Romance of the New Three Kingdoms, etc.
This kind of composition is often particularly attractive because of its repetition of the old tune. 3, new materials to make up the story based on the new materials provided, expand imagination, and make up the story according to the tips.
This is the case with the third prize composition of the national "Spring Bud Cup" directed by the author. The topic is a monkey who likes to throw fruit skins and stones everywhere and doesn't listen to advice.
To this end, the animal kingdom held a "moral court trial" to educate it, so that the little monkey finally realized his mistake and was determined to correct it. Participants are required to imagine the trial process in detail and expand the material into an article of more than 500 words.
Follow Me, which was popular all over the country in the early 1990s, is a typical example of this kind of composition. Writing a story according to the outline has some limitations, but because of this, it is challenging, which is undoubtedly conducive to training students' imagination.
For example, according to the outline, write "Cloud doll goes to desert": 1, and Cloud doll goes to desert; 2. Cloud dolls look at camels; 3. The camel asks the cloud doll for help; (Thinking: What does the camel ask the cloud doll for help? 4. The cloud doll helped the camel; Think about it: What can Cloud Doll do to help? 5. Cloud dolls bid farewell to camels; (2) Articles and material compositions are inspired by some specific things, and children's imagination is brought into play, and stories are compiled to write compositions. According to different projects, it can be divided into: 1, picture composition, which is a more traditional type, just like the "tree planting map" we wrote before.
It seems old-fashioned, but as long as the material is attractive, it can also achieve good results. For example, comic books and cartoons are very attractive to children.
The most typical is the Lenovo Rubik's Cube in the mid-1990s, which uses the combination method of Rubik's Cube to string several unrelated pictures into a fairy tale and science fiction story, which greatly stimulates children's creativity and imagination. 2. Graphic composition Use geometric figures to exert your imagination, or use graphic puzzles such as ○□△ to write an imaginary composition according to the meaning of the picture.
199 1 year college entrance examination composition gives candidates a circular figure, which requires them to imagine this figure as a different object, and allows them to choose the appropriate foil to form a picture and write a composition. Some candidates imagine "circle" as a ball, balloon, etc. Some people imagine the "circle" as a selfless sun, while others realize many life philosophies from the "circle" and "cycle".
3. Articles composition provides some stationery and daily necessities, such as guns, pens, dolls, car models, etc. For example, the story of the toy in which the author participated. Before class, I asked the students to take their toys home and put them on the table. Guide students to imagine possible stories between them through free combination.
Chen, a teacher in Fuzhou, said: "This method of composition teaching is very popular in some primary schools in the United States. The teacher prepares a touch bag (box), which contains toys, wood chips, cloth pieces, stones, stationery and other items. After students touch an object, they will associate it with various related things under the * * * of the object, thus forming the object.
2. What are the types of prose: theme prose, narrative prose, propositional prose, quoted prose and semi-propositional prose, with many examples, such as 1. Material composition (1), text composition 1, new extension of old text 2, recompilation of old story 3, new material composition 4, writing story according to outline (2), material composition 1, picture composition 2, graphic composition 3, material composition 4, audio composition (3) and abstract material composition/kloc. Suppose imaginary composition 1, time hypothesis 2, space hypothesis 3, role hypothesis 4, function hypothesis "the Monkey King vs Ouyang Feng, a small break stumped Dajigong, the tortoise and rabbit didn't win or lose in the semi-final, and they traveled through three mountains and five mountains and space in their dreams."
This is childlike innocence, this is childlike innocence. Cartoons and cartoons, flowers and animals, heaven and earth, legends and anecdotes ... imagine what you want and write how you want. This is "imaginary composition"! About imaginary composition, the Chinese curriculum standard says-"can write simple narrative and imaginary composition"; "write imaginary things"; "You can write down what you see, feel and imagine in an informal way"; "Use association and imagination to enrich the expression content"; "Stimulate students' imagination and fantasy and encourage them to write imaginary things" provides favorable conditions and broad space for students to write independently, reduces the constraints on students' writing and encourages free expression and creative expression. "
..... is really liberation, liberation, liberation again! Composition teaching has ushered in the era of great liberation, and children's exercises have gained more free space. Under this background, from the 200 1 school year to the 2002 school year, our county has carried out special teaching and research activities on sex composition teaching throughout the county for many times.
Several teachers from experimental primary school, Zhaishan primary school and Tongling primary school also participated in three successful open classes of imaginative composition. All these have broadened the horizons of most of our front-line teachers and provided us with valuable experience.
Based on my county's teaching and research experience in recent years, my own teaching practice, and various online newspapers, magazines, papers and related materials, the author is delighted to find that the imaginative composition is indeed rich in connotation and full of charm. Content determines form, and composition teaching must start with content, and imaginative composition is no exception.
The author thinks that imaginary composition can be roughly divided into two categories: material composition and imaginary composition. Among them, material composition can be divided into text composition, material composition and abstract composition.
First, the material composition (1) Text material composition This kind of composition is based on certain article texts, stories and legends, and it is extended and extended, so that students can use their imagination to expand, continue or rewrite stories. From the perspective of subject matter, there are mainly the following situations: 1, and the new extension of the old text comes from the text in the textbook, such as whether the little boy will come back after the little photographer I taught, what will the future of the little Red Army look like in difficult times, what will happen if I live on the street in Little Match Girl, and the return of Uncle Yu Le published in Dongshan Island Composition Garden for Primary and Secondary Schools.
2. Re-edit old stories, and continue to edit and adapt stories with familiar fairy tales and legends (sources are different from textbooks). For example, the New Tortoise and Rabbit Race taught by Chen Yukun, the Postscript of Journey to the West and Today's Journey to the West published by the composition garden, and the representative work of a 7-year-old pupil in Shenzhen, the Romance of the New Three Kingdoms, etc.
This kind of composition is often particularly attractive because of its repetition of the old tune. 3, new materials to make up the story based on the new materials provided, expand imagination, and make up the story according to the tips.
This is the case with the third prize composition of the national "Spring Bud Cup" directed by the author. The topic is a monkey who likes to throw fruit skins and stones everywhere and doesn't listen to advice.
To this end, the animal kingdom held a "moral court trial" to educate it, so that the little monkey finally realized his mistake and was determined to correct it. Participants are required to imagine the trial process in detail and expand the material into an article of more than 500 words.
Follow Me, which was popular all over the country in the early 1990s, is a typical example of this kind of composition. Writing a story according to the outline has some limitations, but because of this, it is challenging, which is undoubtedly conducive to training students' imagination.
For example, according to the outline, write "Cloud doll goes to desert": 1, and Cloud doll goes to desert; 2. Cloud dolls look at camels; 3. The camel asks the cloud doll for help; (Thinking: What does the camel ask the cloud doll for help? 4. The cloud doll helped the camel; Think about it: What can Cloud Doll do to help? 5. Cloud dolls bid farewell to camels; (2) Articles and material compositions are inspired by some specific things, and children's imagination is brought into play, and stories are compiled to write compositions. According to different projects, it can be divided into: 1, picture composition, which is a more traditional type, just like the "tree planting map" we wrote before.
It seems old-fashioned, but as long as the material is attractive, it can also achieve good results. For example, comic books and cartoons are very attractive to children.
The most typical is the Lenovo Rubik's Cube in the mid-1990s, which uses the combination method of Rubik's Cube to string several unrelated pictures into a fairy tale and science fiction story, which greatly stimulates children's creativity and imagination. 2. Graphic composition Use geometric figures to exert your imagination, or use graphic puzzles such as ○□△ to write an imaginary composition according to the meaning of the picture.
199 1 year college entrance examination composition gives candidates a circular figure, which requires them to imagine this figure as a different object, and allows them to choose the appropriate foil to form a picture and write a composition. Some candidates imagine "circle" as a ball, balloon, etc. Some people imagine the "circle" as a selfless sun, while others realize many life philosophies from the "circle" and "cycle".
3. Articles composition provides some stationery and daily necessities, such as guns, pens, dolls, car models, etc. For example, the story of the toy in which the author participated. Before class, I asked the students to take their toys home and put them on the table. Guide students to imagine possible stories between them through free combination.
Chen, a teacher in Fuzhou, said: "This method of composition teaching is very popular in some primary schools in the United States. The teacher prepares a touch bag (box), which contains toys, wood chips, cloth pieces, stones, stationery and other items. After students touch one, they will think of all kinds of things related to it under the object.
3. Types of writing, such as writing about people, things and scenery, I want a quick description of the scenery in more than ten winters, lovely winters, where there are lovely snowmen and lovely wintersweet … that's my favorite season, because it will bring me a lot of fun.
One winter, just in front of my building, I made a lovely and charming snowman with some friends. The snowman is wearing a mini hat with lace, two big eyes, a long nose and a slightly open mouth. It snowed heavily that day. Although it was very cold, we made a snowman there. We have piles of snow. You know, building a house needs a solid foundation, that is, a huge and stable body.
We piled up a round body to support his head like a football. Although his head is big, we didn't leave him empty. First of all, we know that there must be a nose, eyes and mouth on the head.
So, we each took materials from home and started making them: grapes served as snowman's eyes, carrots served as snowman's nose, and radish heads replaced our mouths. One of us brought a broom from home to make a snowman's hand.
Wow! It's really lifelike. Lace hat, bright eyes and smiling mouth are all right! It is unusual to do it yourself! I used to see other people's snowmen very beautiful, but I never thought about making them myself. I really don't know if I did it. I was shocked when I did it! It's not that I can't do it, but that I didn't want to do it in the past. As a matter of fact, I did very well by myself! After returning home, I still miss our small production, which makes me try to do some small experiments or make some small creations in the future. Whenever I think of it, I feel indescribable excitement because it left a deep impression on my heart. Imagine continuing to write the composition "The Tortoise and the Rabbit Race". The rabbit has been unhappy since it lost to the tortoise, and it has lost a lot of weight.
Maybe God wants to give the rabbit a chance! A year later, the "Forest Games" was held in the forest. The road to go is very narrow. Rabbits and turtles actually took part in the competition at the same time and were assigned to the same group.
This day is the day when rabbits and turtles compete. This time, we have to climb the mountain and cross the river to reach the finish line.
The game attracted many animals to watch. People who had watched the tortoise and rabbit race gathered on the roadside early and talked endlessly about the game: "Who do you think will win today?" "I think it's a rabbit." "I think you are wrong. Who will win is still uncertain. "
"I'm not sure!" ..... When the rabbit heard these words, he couldn't help but feel an impulse from the bottom of his heart: I must win! The starting gun rang and the rabbit rushed out of the starting line like a gust of wind. This time, the rabbit ran very fast and quickly crossed a mountain, but when it saw the river, it couldn't stop and almost fell into it.
Looking at this big river, the rabbit is confused: there is no bridge or boat. How can we cross it? When the rabbit ran around in a hurry, the tortoise arrived panting. The tortoise looked at the river in front of him, and then at the bewildered rabbit. He understood at once and said to the rabbit, "I am good at swimming." You sit on my back and I'll carry you across the river! " "The tortoise carried the rabbit across the river safely.
Once on the shore, the rabbit quickly ran to the finish line. But after a few steps, the rabbit remembered that the tortoise was carrying himself across the river, turned around and picked up the tortoise and rushed to the finish line.
When the referee asked who was the champion, the rabbit said that the tortoise carried it across the river and the tortoise was the champion. But the tortoise said that the rabbit carried it across the finish line, and the rabbit should be the champion.
After arguing for a while, everyone understood that rabbits and turtles helped each other in the race before crossing the finish line. Finally, the referee announced that both the rabbit and the tortoise won the championship. They looked at each other and couldn't help laughing.
I admire him most, but I have never said a word to him, and I can't even name him. One night, a classmate and I came to the park to play.
When I walked in, I suddenly saw a man walking towards me with difficulty. I looked at him. He is a student with big eyes, a flat nose and a wide mouth.
He looks fine, but when he walks, his body leans left and right, and his hands lean left and right ... in short, his movements are not as relaxed and natural as normal people. My classmate told me quietly that he had hemiplegia and could not walk, so he came to practice walking.
It turns out that he is a hemiplegic patient, and I think he is really compassionate. In the next few days, he still came every day and practiced walking with his help.
Once, his mother asked him to turn, but he just couldn't turn. His face was flushed with anxiety and his eyes glistened with tears.
How can that look not be sympathetic? After a semester, during the summer vacation, I went to the park to play again. I saw him again.
He walks faster now, faster than normal people. Although his walking is unnatural, at least he can walk. Big brother is too strong, I admire you, I admire your struggle with the disease ... I want to learn from you.
Today, my grandparents and I came to ditan temple fair. The sight here immediately surprised me. A sea of people is really crowded with tourists! People are so crowded that it is difficult for me to take every step. I finally walked into the gate. A lovely calf attracted me, as if welcoming everyone. People are attracted by its cuteness and rush to take photos with it, and I am no exception.
Then, we walked on, and there were more and more people. A sea of people, some people are complaining, while sellers are taking advantage of the temple fair to shout their own goods. Soon I saw the red lanterns hanging on the trees, which seemed to add a color to the cold winter. Walking, I saw the traditional snack of old Beijing-tea soup. I asked my grandmother to buy it for me all night. I tasted it, and it was delicious, with the flavor of old Beijing.
We walked on and came to the game area. I saw the thrilling bungee jumping at a glance and immediately asked my grandmother to buy me a ticket. I'm waiting in line, my heart is racing and I'm nervous. I'm thinking: will I get dizzy? My heart is beating like a rabbit. It took me about two minutes. The staff fastened my seat belt and began to jump. I feel higher and higher, gradually.
4. What types of compositions are there?
Including: narrative, lyrical, argumentative, explanatory and practical.
Narrative: it is a style with narrative and description as the main forms of expression and characters, narrative, scenery and objects as the main contents.
1, the classification of narrative
(1) In terms of content and expression:
A simple narrative.
② Complex narrative.
(2) From the perspective of different writing objects:
(1) the narrative is mainly written by people.
② Narrative-oriented narrative.
③ Narration based on scenery.
(4) Narrative mainly tells things.
(2) Descriptive writing: a style with explanation as the main expression, which is used to introduce or explain the state, nature, structure, function, production method, development process, causes, merits and demerits of things.
1, classification of descriptive text
From description object (content):
(1) the description of physical things.
(2) explanatory text.
③ Scientific papers.
From the perspective of language expression:
(1) Simple explanation.
② Literary exposition.
2, the characteristics of descriptive text:
(1) is very scientific in content.
② The structure is clear and organized.
(3) The language has strict accuracy.
③ Practical writing:
Practical writing is a practical style that meets the actual needs of daily life, work and study.
1, types of practical writing:
(1) letters:
General letters and special letters (thank you letter, commendation letter, condolence letter, letter of introduction, open letter, confirmation letter, application, proposal, proposal,
Invitation letter), telegram, remittance.
② Precautions:
Diary, reading notes.
(3) Official documents:
There are thirteen orders, decisions, announcements, notices, circulars, motions, reports, requests for instructions, replies, opinions, letters and meeting minutes.
(4) Publicity category:
Advertising draft, speech draft, blackboard newspaper, news, newsletter, product manual.
(5) notification category:
Breaking news, posters.
[6] Etiquette:
Invitation, congratulatory letter (congratulatory letter, congratulatory message), condolence letter.
(7) behavior:
Receipts (receipts, IOUs, receipts, leave notes, text messages, etc.). ）e 69 da 5e 887 aa 323 1333532363 1343 133 13032365438+
Being chronicles:
Biography, local chronicles, family history (school history, village history).
④ Argumentative paper:
Argumentative writing is a common style, which directly expresses the author's views and opinions through facts and reasoning.
(1), the classification of argumentative papers:
By content purpose:
(1) general political papers.
2 comments.
Essays (essays, essays, notes).
4 feelings after reading.
According to the way of argument:
Create a paper.
Refute the paper.
1. Proposition composition. That is, given the composition topic in the test paper, students will fix themselves, center themselves, select materials and write according to the topic.
2. Semi-propositional composition is a part of the given composition topic in the test paper, and the other part is supplemented by the students themselves.
3. Conditional composition. It is a conditional composition form, which often gives students certain restrictions, such as time, content, theme, genre and so on. , so that students are restricted in writing, and then there are additional requirements, so that students can write according to the conditions and requirements.
4. Feed ingredients. It means that the test paper gives certain materials, and students write articles according to the materials. Its conception is quite different from that of the proposition composition. The conception of propositional composition requires careful examination and association of the given topic, combined with one's own life and knowledge, thus producing the theme of the article. Feed ingredients are faced with the materials and requirements provided by the paper, and the idea of the article must come from the materials provided. It requires students to carefully analyze the standard of the paper as long as they master it correctly.
5. After reading. It means reading an article or a book and writing down your experiences, feelings and feelings. It not only helps students to improve their reading and appreciation level, deeply understand the contents of the book and master the main points of the article, but also cultivates their ability to analyze and solve problems.
6. Picture composition. That is, students write articles according to the picture artistic conception and related requirements provided by the proposer.
7. Keep writing. It is an imaginary composition, which requires students to continue writing according to the content and story provided, so as to make the original text develop reasonably. It can cultivate students' logical ability, imagination and written expression ability.
In addition, writing types such as rewriting, expansion and abbreviation appear from time to time.