Folk customs and activities of mans solar terms
Mangzhong solar terms folk custom
1. Cooking Huangmei
Before and after mango seeds, it is the rainy season in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Huangmei is ripe at this time. Because Huangmei is sour, it is not convenient to eat directly, so it needs to be processed before eating. Therefore, many farmers in this area have the custom of cooking plums with mango seeds.
2. Flower Festival
In some areas in the south of the Yangtze River, there is also the custom of holding a "flower party" on the day of ear planting. The local people believe that it is summer after the awn is planted, the flowers wither and the flower god abdicates, so it is necessary to arrange various gifts for the flower god to see him off. Some people hang flowers on silk to show off. Cao Xueqin wrote in the 27th chapter of A Dream of Red Mansions: "On this day, those girls, either making sedan chairs with petals and willow branches, or making thousands of floors with brocade gauze, were tied up with colored threads. These things are tied to every tree and every flower. The embroidered ribbons in the garden are fluttering, and the flowers bloom and fall. " "Dry" in "Dry Architecture"
That is, the shield; Jing and Zhuang are ancient flags. At the top of Xi flagpole is a yak's tail flag. Jing is similar, but the difference is that it is decorated with colorful folded feathers, and the shape of the building is umbrella-shaped. It can be seen that the mango festival of a large family is a lively scene for the flower god to bid farewell.
3. An Miao
Anmiao is a folk farming activity in some areas of southern Anhui, which began in the early Ming Dynasty. Every season when rice seeds cover the sun, in order to pray for a good harvest in autumn, all localities should hold an Anmiao sacrifice. Every household steamed bags with new wheat flour, kneaded the flour into the shape of five grains, six animals, fruits and vegetables, and then dyed it with vegetable juice as a sacrifice, praying for the bumper harvest of five grains and the safety of the villagers.
Fight in the mud
Young Dong men and women in southeastern Guizhou hold a mud festival every year before and after planting hemp. On the same day, the newlyweds, accompanied by good young men and women, collectively planted rice seedlings, playing with each other while planting rice seedlings and throwing mud at each other. After the activity, the results show that the person with the most mud is the most popular person.
Solar term activities of Miscanthus
One: Feel the change of solar term temperature.
Panicle seed is the ninth solar term in the twenty-four solar terms and the third solar term in summer. During the ear planting season, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China began to enter the rainy season. The rain continued, the rainfall increased, the temperature rose, the air was very humid, the weather was very sultry and the temperature changed obviously. Adults and children watch the weather forecast together, understand the temperature difference in different areas, and record the daily temperature of solar terms in their living areas, and compare it with the previous solar terms record book to feel the change of solar terms.
Two: measure the rain.
Mango is the third solar term in summer. With the arrival of the solar term, it began to enter the rainy season, with continuous rainfall and increased rainfall. Adults can record the changes of rain behind the scenes with their children, and compare them with the records of previous solar terms to understand the changes of nature in different solar terms.
Three: Know three times and feel the season.
The solar terms of mango have three periods, one is when mantis is born, the other is when Peng begins to sing, and the third is when his tongue is silent. Adults can explain the meaning of the three seasons to their children, or go into nature together to find the meaning behind these changes in solar terms and the phenological phenomena they represent, so that children can understand that this is not only a symbol of the seasons, but also the crystallization of the history and culture of human life.
Four: Busy, busy, Mai goes on stage.
Twenty-four solar terms are ancient agricultural calendars, so each solar term is indispensable for our agricultural planting activities. The arrival of the awning season marks the beginning of the summer season, which also means that the busy farming season has begun, and people are busy grabbing mature awning crops. At this time, if the wheat has been planted before the class, the teacher can take the children to harvest and the subsequent threshing work, and experience the difficulty of farm work, knowing that only by paying can we reap; If there is no planting, you can prepare some wheat to take your children to observe, understand the process of farming and feel the power of natural growth.
Under the guidance of the teacher, the children thresh and peel the harvested wheat, which can be stored in the sun as seeds for the coming year.
In classes that don't plant wheat, teachers can prepare wheat and show children about wheat and its growth process.
Five: Pinmaixiang
Food is the foundation of human existence, and China people have their own unique ideas and expressions about food. Tasting according to the season is the happiest thing. In the awning season, the simplest and most delicious thing is the newly harvested wheat. At this time, adults can take their children to taste wheat bags. The raw materials of wheat bales are ground from mature wheat in the awning season without peeling. Flour is rough and has a strong wheat flavor, so you can feel the beauty of the original plant for the first time.
Or adults can take their children and try to make all kinds of pasta and snacks with wheat flour. While experiencing and tasting, they can appreciate the hard-won food and understand the true meaning of "every grain is hard".
Six: Make a creative straw painting.
Everything can have artistic expression. After many processes, wheat finally becomes delicious on the table, so wheat straw is also of great significance. Adults can take their children to remove the leaves from the straw, weave straw grates with string, add them to the role area of the class, or make creative straw stickers together. Feel the joy of creation and understand that different things have their own values.
Seven: Busy transplanting rice after wheat harvest.
"When it rains, all the fields are planted with seedlings." Besides harvesting wheat, Mangzi is busy sowing summer grain. Adults can take their children to plant late rice, millet, millet and other crops, so that children can do what they can, experience the whole process of plant growth such as sowing, flowering and fruiting, and feel the process of life growth.
Eight: Send flowers to God and plant new flowers.
In ancient times, people would send flowers to God's home on the day of sowing, not only to welcome Xia Jun, but also to be grateful and look forward to meeting flowers again in the coming year. This custom is described in the 27th chapter of A Dream of Red Mansions: The girls in the Grand View Garden either weave sedan chairs with petals and willow branches, or fold them into dry buildings and tie them to each tree head and flower with colored threads. At this time, adults can send flowers with their children and tie colored ribbons on flowers in kindergartens or communities.
Adults can also plant flowers with their children, such as impatiens, zinnia, sunflowers and other grass flowers that are sown in summer and open in summer, and feel the replacement of "awn seeds" and the changes of solar terms.
Nine: Cook plum juice together.
In the south, May and June are the season when plums ripen, and there is an allusion of "Plum Boils Wine as a Hero" in the Three Kingdoms. Plum contains a variety of natural high-quality organic acids and rich minerals, and has unique nutritional and health-care functions such as purifying blood, regulating intestines, reducing blood fat, relieving fatigue, caring skin, regulating acid-base balance and enhancing human immunity. However, most fresh plums are sour and difficult to eat directly, and they need to be processed before they can be eaten. This process is to boil plums. At this time, adults can cook a pot of green plum soup with their children and taste the beauty of solar terms.
Ten: Let's mow the grass together.
In ancient times, there was also the romantic custom of mango, that is, fighting grass, also called stepping on a hundred herbs. In the Palace Museum in Beijing, there is a painting called "Sketch of Baby Fighting". Weeding is to find grass with good toughness and then go through it and pull it hard. The winner is the one with continuous grass. Adults can take their children outdoors to find the grass that they think is the most resilient, and then continue to compete and feel the fun of folk games.
Solar term characteristics of Miscanthus plants
1, rainfall
The Yangtze River is in the ear sowing season, and the Huanghuai Plain is about to enter the rainy season. If there is continuous rain, strong wind and hail before and after ear planting, and the wheat can't be harvested, threshed and stored in time, it will lead to the lodging, grain dropping, germination and mildew of the ear, "rotten wheat field" and destroy the crops in front of us.
Behind the scenes, the monsoon rain belt in southeastern South China is stable, which is the season with the most precipitation in a year. The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River have entered the rainy season one after another, with more rainy days, more rainfall, less sunshine and sometimes lower temperatures.
In the awning season, rice, cotton and other crops grow vigorously and need a lot of water, and moderate plum rain is very beneficial to agricultural production; In the years when the plum rains are too late or too little or even "empty plum blossoms", crops will be threatened by drought. However, if the rainy days are too early, too many rainy days and too few long-term rainy days, it will also have a negative impact on agricultural production, especially if the rainfall is too concentrated or heavy rain will cause floods.
Southwest China has also entered the rainy season of the year since June. At this time, the hail weather in the southwest and western plateau areas began to increase.
2. Temperature
During this period, except for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the northernmost part of Heilongjiang, people in most areas can generally feel the summer heat.
In June, whether in the south or the north, high temperature weather above 35℃ may occur, and high temperature weather above 40℃ may also occur in Huanghuai area and the eastern part of northwest China, but it is generally not a continuous high temperature. In China's southern provinces of Taiwan Province, Hainan, Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi, the average temperature in June is around 28℃. If the air humidity is high before the thunderstorm, it is really stuffy and hot. Sometimes it is necessary to issue a high temperature forecast to the public to remind people to prevent heatstroke, air conditioning disease and acute gastroenteritis.