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Lesson 1 - The definition of Chinese Feng Shui
What is Chinese Feng Shui? Chinese Feng Shui is the guiding principle and practical operating technique for ancient Chinese construction activities.
Chinese Feng Shui is the soul of traditional Chinese architecture.
Chinese Feng Shui, Chinese Architecture and Chinese Gardening constitute the three pillars of ancient Chinese architectural theory.
Currently, there are two diametrically opposed views on Chinese Feng Shui: one is total denial and despises the difficulty of cleaning, which prevents the scientific connotation of Feng Shui from being properly explored. This view separates the inheritance of human civilization and inevitably leads to "national nihilism", which leads to two social phenomena: indifference, rebellious blind obedience and superstition; one is basic affirmation, and active exploration, sorting and research are carried out to make it It is systematic, scientific and standardized, eliminating the rough and retaining the essential, removing the false and retaining the true, which has contributed to the protection of traditional town style, street landscape and ancient architectural features.
Is Chinese Feng Shui a science? Is it technology? Is it culture? Or superstitious? Those who don't know the reason will simply think it is superstition. A wave of Feng Shui research craze is quietly setting off in the academic field at home and abroad. Foreign academic circles give Chinese Feng Shui high praise. In order to give Chinese Feng Shui a correct name, it is called Chinese Feng Shui.
Chinese Feng Shui is indeed a university subject. Chinese Feng Shui contains a profound and systematic thinking concept, which is consistent with the Chinese people's code of conduct, which is Yili Yijiu; it contains systematic operating techniques and methods, among which "form method" and "principle method" include five A vast and complex system formed over thousands of years; ancient Chinese Feng Shui masters invented China's unique Feng Shui operating tool - the compass; in modern China, from palaces to private houses, from cities to villages, many ancient Feng Shui systems are still preserved. Architecture is a living fossil of Feng Shui; there are old people in the countryside who can casually talk to you about the Feng Shui characteristics of their hometown. Isn’t this worthy of study by those engaged in architecture? Analyzed from a modern point of view, although it contains many aspects that are contradictory to modern technology, this is the result of intermittent research for nearly a hundred years.
So, does Chinese Feng Shui belong to the category of traditional Chinese culture, or does it belong to practical science and technology? So far, researchers seem unable to give a precise definition of it from the perspective of a modern single discipline. However, according to the scope of application of Chinese Feng Shui, it can be summarized as follows: Chinese Feng Shui is the guiding principle and practical operating technology of ancient Chinese architectural activities.
Chinese Feng Shui is almost ubiquitous in our country’s architecture, site selection, planning, design, and construction. This is confirmed by the large number of existing ancient towns, ancient buildings, gardens, residences and mausoleums in our country.
In the long-term development process, Chinese Feng Shui has interspersed with other related disciplines and has rich connotations in ancient Chinese philosophy, aesthetics, psychology, geology, geography, ecology, landscape and other aspects. It should be noted that Chinese Feng Shui is also mixed with many non-scientific, backward and human factors. This is one of the important topics in carrying out theoretical research on Chinese Feng Shui.
The core content of Chinese Feng Shui is the unity of heaven, earth and man. Chinese Feng Shui explores the harmonious relationship between the location, orientation, and layout of buildings, nature, and the destiny of mankind. It is the integration of man and nature in Chinese Feng Shui, that is, the principle of "unity of heaven, earth and man" that rejects the destruction of the natural environment by human behavior, focuses on human reactions to the natural environment, and guides people how to solve architectural choices based on these reactions. Sites and even construction created the east, west and south of China. The unique urban layout, architectural forms and architectural landscapes in North and Central China are adapted to local conditions and are extremely beautiful. In contrast, with the opening of the country, Western modern architecture has blossomed all over China, only pursuing specific, single architectural grandeur, or pursuing a single form of beauty, or pursuing functional practicality, or pursuing economic benefits, regardless of the The integration of regional, natural, and historical conditions has created the homogeneity of cities in China from south to north and from east to west. This will be a sin that will last forever.
Lesson 1--The Definition of Chinese Feng Shui
1 The Definition of Chinese Feng Shui
For the study of Chinese Feng Shui, due to the different focuses of researchers , so the evaluations of Chinese Feng Shui vary.
The excerpts from domestic and foreign reviews on Chinese Feng Shui research are as follows:
Foreign scholars’ evaluation of Feng Shui
Foreign scholars have made many pertinent comments on Chinese Feng Shui based on their research fields. Here are some of his more influential comments for your reference.
Chinese Feng Shui is actually: a comprehensive natural science of geography, meteorology, ecology, planning and architecture (excerpted from "Chinese Street" (l) by Guo Zhongduan and others), Japan Published by Aiyoko Shobo Showa in 1955. ).
Chinese Feng Shui is the art of harmonizing the living and the dead with the earth's atmosphere in the universe (Charlie Chatley's words, excerpted from "Science and Civilization in China").
Chinese Feng Shui is a theoretical system about "reason", "number", "qi" and "form". This system follows the following rules:
①The laws of nature (Thelaws of Natu) .)
②The Numerical Proportions of Nature)
③The Breath of Nature (TheBreathofNature)
④The FormsandOutlinesofNature)
< p>l) All things are in a corresponding overall relationship between heaven and earth. The ancient Chinese discovered the movement patterns of the sun, lunar (moon), twenty-eight constellations and the five planets of gold, wood, water, fire and earth very early, and discovered their relationship with the earth's diurnal changes and disasters. Taking celestial phenomena as the reality of the world, we try to open the door to understanding nature through it. In the Song Dynasty, Zhu Xi developed this into a complete philosophical system. What controls all things is "reason", which moves according to certain laws and independent of human will. From the initial chaos, yin and yang emerged, and then Evolved into heaven, earth and all natural things.2) The existence and appearance of celestial bodies in the universe, the alternation of time and space, and the different types. They can exist harmoniously because they are in the appropriate position and have a certain amount and trajectory, making various Interaction reaches equilibrium, which is boiled down to "number". Natural things on earth also reflect the balance of numbers, which is also dynamic given the constant movement of yin and yang.
3) Following "principles", in the balance of a certain "number", the energy that promotes the formation of the world and serves as the life process of all existences, and is released to influence each other, is called "qi" .
4) "Li", "Shu", and "Qi" cannot be directly seen. And all things on the earth, with their external images, potentially reflect the principles, numbers and qi. Through the corresponding comparison between the earth and the sky, we can discover their "shape" and grasp the function of Qi under certain principles and numbers. Destruction of the natural balance will be retaliated by Qi (Excerpted from (English) Emest J. Eitel's "Feng Shui is the Sacred Landscape Science of Ancient China", published in 1883.).
The so-called "Kanyu" (note, Feng Shui) is actually a simple scientific study in our country in ancient times. During the period of tracing traces and paths of life and death, we studied the wonders of its geology and the true shape of our mountains in Taoism. The purpose of the pictures is to reveal the insights of geophysics in a unique way (excerpted from the book An Overview of Chinese Culture by Nan Huaijin, Taiwan), Fudan University Press, published in December 1995. ).
Feng Shui is an art that attempts to influence the aura of a certain place through the arrangement of things, from building foundations to interior decoration. It helps people harness the natural power of the earth and the balance of yin and yang to obtain auspicious energy, thereby promoting health and enhancing vitality. Feng Shui is a major cultural phenomenon that is well-known in China. Feng Shui is the essence of ancient architectural theory (extracted from "Feng Shui" written by Yi Changlin Li Pu of Singapore and compiled by Wu Wu et al.).
Feng Shui is a landscape evaluation system for finding auspicious locations for buildings. It is the art of geographical site selection and layout in ancient China. This unique Chinese system of selecting locations has both scientific and superstitious elements (excerpted from "Research on Korean Feng Shui - Culture and Nature" by Yin Hongji).
In addition, Joseph Needham, a famous British authority on the history of science, also spoke highly of ancient Chinese Feng Shui, calling it a quasi-science and ancient Chinese landscape architecture. He pointed out that Feng Shui theory "always contains an aesthetic component."
"The beauty of the countryside, houses, villages and towns all over China can be explained by this." British scholar Patrick Abelonby said: "In terms of rural issues, China's Feng Shui has made much progress in nominal treatment than any other country in Europe." Probably the most beautifully constructed of landscapes". In his representative work "Urban Imagery", Kevin Lynch, an authority on urban planning in the United States, spoke highly of traditional Chinese environmental philosophy, saying that Feng Shui theory is a "promising knowledge" and "professors have organized themselves to study it. Inference", "Experts are seeking development in this area' and so on.