Which faction does Zhuge Liang belong to?

Zhuge Liang (18 1-234) was born in Wolong (also known as Long Fu) and Langxie Yang Du (now yinan county, Linyi City, Shandong Province), Han nationality. An outstanding politician, strategist, essayist, calligrapher and inventor in Shu and Han Dynasties. From official to prime minister, he was named marquis of Wuxiang when he was alive, and pursued loyalty to marquis of Wuhou after his death. Because of its military ability, the Eastern Jin regime was posthumously named King Wu Xing. Representative prose works include An Example and A Book of Commandments. He once invented the wooden ox, the flying horse, the Kongming lantern and so on, and transformed the crossbow, called Zhuge Lian crossbow, which can hit all targets with one crossbow. In the twelfth year (234), Yu Jianxing died in Wuzhangyuan (now Qishan, Baoji). He was loyal to Wuhou, so later generations often called Zhuge Liang Wuhou and Zhuge Wuhou. Zhuge Liang devoted all his life to his death, and he was the representative of loyal officials and wise men in the biography of China's traditional text/kloc-0. Zhuge Liang and Han Guanghe were born in Yang Du County, Langye County in the fourth year (A.D. 18 1). Zhuge's family is a famous family of Langxie, whose ancestors were Zhuge Feng in the Western Han Dynasty. Zhuge Liang's mother Zhang died at the age of 3, and Zhuge Liang lost his father at the age of 8. Together with his younger brother Zhuge Jun, he followed his uncle Zhuge Xuan, who was appointed as the prefect of Zhang Yu by Yuan Shu, to Zhang Yu. The Eastern Han court sent Zhu Hao to replace Zhuge Xuan, and Zhuge Xuan went to Jingzhou. In the second year of Jian 'an (197), Zhuge Liang's uncle Zhuge Xuan died of illness; Emperor Xian of Han fled from Li Jue in Chang 'an to Xu County in Cao Cao. Zhuge Liang is now 16 years old. He likes reading Song of Fu Liang on weekdays, and often compares himself with Guan Zhong and Le Yi. At that time, people looked down on him. Only friends like Xu Shu and Cui believe in his talent. He made friends with Xiangyang celebrities, Pang Degong and Huang at that time. Huang once said to Zhuge Liang, "I heard that you want to choose a wife. There is an ugly girl in my family with yellow hair and dark skin, but her talent can match yours. " Zhuge Liang agreed to this marriage and married her. At that time, people made fun of it as a joke. There was even a proverb in the village: "Don't choose a wife for Kong Ming, but you will get an ugly girl for Acheng". But there is also a saying that Huang Yueying herself is extremely beautiful, so she is envied by other young women in the village and disfigures her appearance. Longzhong Countermeasures At that time, Liu Bei was attached to Liu Biao and stationed in Xinye. Later, when Si Mahui met Liu Bei, he said, "Those Confucian scholars are people with little knowledge. How can they understand the current situation? A hero is one who can understand current events and situations. At this time, only Wolong (Zhuge Liang) and Feng Chu (Pang Tong) are left. " Zhuge Liang was recommended by Xu Shu, and Liu Bei hoped that Xu Shu would take him to see him, but Xu Shu suggested: "This person can go to see him, but he can't condescend to it. The general should condescend to visit. " [5]? Liu Bei personally inspected Longzhong and went there three times before meeting Zhuge Liang (known as "three visits to the cottage" in history). After seeing Zhuge Liang, Liu Bei told others to avoid him and asked him, "Now that the Han Dynasty has declined, the traitor has done things under the guise of the emperor's orders, and the emperor has lost power." I didn't measure my virtue and ability, and wanted to save the world with righteousness, but my wisdom and strategy were short-lived and insufficient, so I often failed today. But my ambition has not yet come true. Is there any plan to help me, sir? " Zhuge Liang told him that Cao Cao was not desirable and Sun Quan could help him. It also expounds that the state grazing of Jing and Yi is cowardly and has opportunities. Only by owning these two States can we win the world. He also told Liu Bei the strategy of attacking the Central Plains. This theory was later called "Longzhong Dui". Upon hearing this, Liu Bei praised Zhuge Liang and invited him to help, so Zhuge Liang came out of the mountain and entered the curtain. Liu Bei often talks with him, and the relationship is getting closer and closer. Guan Yu and Zhang Fei were greatly displeased. Liu Bei explained to them, "I have Kong Ming, just like fish has water. I wish you would stop talking. " "Guan Yu and Zhang Fei will no longer complain. [6]? Zhuge Liang's long-term confrontation was the basic national policy of Liu Bei and Shu Han in the following decades. In the 13th year of Jian 'an (2008) in Battle of Red Cliffs, Liu Biao's wife Liu Qi and stepmother Cai slandered many times, and Liu Biao gradually fell out with Liu Qi. Liu Qi asked Zhuge Liang for advice on self-defense several times, but Zhuge Liang often refused. Liu Qi used the trick of taking the ladder from home at a banquet to let Zhuge Liang tell the solution. Zhuge Liang asked Liu Qi: "You will be in danger if you don't see Shen Sheng in the Spring and Autumn Period, but can Zhong Er (referring to Jin Wengong) be safe outside?" At that time, Huang Zu was killed by Wu Dong, and Liu Qi was recommended as Jiangxia Prefecture. In August of the same year, Liu Biao died of illness and his second son, Liu Cong, succeeded to the throne. Hearing the news that Cao Cao was going south, he sent messengers to surrender. After learning the news of Fancheng, Liu Bei led the soldiers and civilians to flee to the south, and Cao Jun caught up with Liu Jun in Changban, Dangyang. [7]? Liu Bei failed in Xiakou, and Sun Quan sent Lu Su to observe the situation and suggested to Liu Bei to ask Sun Quan for help. Zhuge Liang recommended himself as a lobbyist for Chai Sang and made friends with Lu Su. After arriving in Chaisang, Zhuge Liang met Sun Quan and first gave Sun Quan two choices by dichotomy. "If Wu Yue can compete with the Central Plains, it is better to break diplomatic relations with Cao Cao earlier"; Another option is to provoke the law. "If you think you can't resist it, why don't you stop military action and surrender to the north!" Sun Quan asked Zhuge Liang why Liu Bei didn't surrender. Zhuge Liang raised Liu Bei's social status, saying that Liu Bei had backbone and would never surrender to show Sun Bei's determination. Sun Quan was furious and vowed not to surrender to Cao Cao, but he was worried about how many troops Liu Bei had left to fight. Zhuge Liang finally analyzed the situation of the two armies. First, he said that there were 10,000 people in Guijun and Guan Yu's water army, and there were no fewer than 10,000 Jiangxia soldiers in Liu Qifan. Then he said that Cao Jun was exhausted from a long distance. He chased Liu Beishi and walked more than 300 miles a day and a night with a Qingqi. That is "a spent force, it is impossible to wear Lu Mao"; Moreover, northerners do not learn water warfare, and Jingzhou people are forced to obey Cao Cao, unconvinced; Finally, Cao's defeat is certain. Sun Quan is very happy. Later, after lobbying by Lu Su and Zhou Yu, he decided to unite Liu against Cao and sent Zhou Yu, Lu Su to lead 30,000 water troops against Cao Cao. Zhuge Liang went back to Liu Bei with the army; In November, Cao Cao's army was attacked by Sun Liulian in Chibi, and Cao Cao's army suffered heavy losses. At this time, a plague broke out in Cao Cao's army, and Cao Cao had to lead the army north. [8]? After Battle of Red Cliffs, Liu Bei, a foot soldier, pacified the four counties in Jingnan in December of the 13th year of Jian 'an, appointed Zhuge Liang as a military commander, lived in Lin Xuan, overseen Lingling, Guiyang and Changsha counties, and was responsible for adjusting taxes and enriching military assets. [9]? In the 16th year of Jian 'an (2 1 1), Yizhou Pastoral Liu Zhang sent Fazheng and Mengda to ask Liu Bei to assist Zhang Lu. Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun guarded Jingzhou. In December of the following year, Liu Bei broke with Liu Zhang and attacked Chengdu. Zhuge Liang, Zhang Fei, Zhao Yun and others went to Shu to help out, leaving Guan Yu in charge of Jingzhou's defense, dividing troops to pacify counties and counties, and forming a capital with Liu Bei. In the 19th year of Jian 'an (2 14), Liu Zhang surrendered and Liu Bei entered Yizhou. Zhuge Liang received 500 Jin of gold, 50 million yuan of silver 1000 Jin, and 0/000 pieces of brocade/kloc-0, and was appointed as a strategist and general, in charge of the general's office. Whenever Liu Bei sent troops to attack, Zhuge Liang was responsible for guarding Chengdu and providing Liu Bei with adequate food and clothing. For example, in the battle of Hanzhong, he provided resources for Liu Bei. In the first year of Han Yankang (220), Cao Pi usurped Han to stand on his own feet. In the second year of Wei Huang (22 1), ministers heard the news that Emperor Xian was killed and advised Liu Bei, who had become the king of Hanzhong, to be the emperor. Liu Bei refused, and Zhuge Liang persuaded Liu Bei with the story of Geng Chun lobbying Liu Xiu to be emperor. So Liu Bei promised Zhuge Liang to be prime minister, record history and have a holiday; In the same year, Zhang Fei was killed and Zhuge Liang became a captain. [ 10]? In August (222), the second year of Zhang Wu's trusteeship of Baidicheng, Liu Bei was defeated on the way to recapture Jingzhou and retreated to Yongan. Zhuge Liang sighed, "It's a pity that Fa is dead, otherwise Liu Bei's crusade to the East will stop." In February of the third year of Zhangwu (223), Liu Bei was seriously ill and called Zhuge Liang to Yong 'an to entrust Li Yan with his affairs. Liu Bei said to Zhuge Liang, "Your talent is ten times that of Cao Pi. In the end, you will be able to achieve great things. If the adopted son (Liu Chan) can help, help him; If he has no talent, you can take it yourself. " Zhuge Liang said tearfully, "I will try my best to serve the faithful solar terms until I die!" " "Liu Bei asked Liu Chan to regard Zhuge Liang as his father. In April, Liu Bei died, and Liu Chan succeeded to the throne, making Zhuge Liang the marquis of Wuxiang and opening a yamen. Soon, Liu Chan relied on Zhuge Liang to take charge of Yizhou pastoral administration, and Zhuge Liang decided. It turned out that South China took the opportunity to rebel because of Liu Bei's death. Zhuge Liang did not send troops first because the country had just lost its monarch, but sent Deng Zhi and Kyle to Soochow to repair it. [ 1 1]? In the spring of the third year (225), Zhuge Liang led the army south. Before he left, Liu Chan gave Zhuge Aliang a gold cymbal, a song cover, one before and after Yu Bao preached, and sixty warriors. Later, Zhuge Liang went deep into the barren land to crusade against Lv Yong and Meng Huo. Zhuge Liang took Ma Su's advice to join the army and gave priority to self-attack. First, he defeated Lv Yong's army, then captured Meng Huo seven times and put down the autumn chaos. Shu Han settled in Nanzhong, gained a lot of resources and formed a powerful army. After a long period of accumulation, it laid the foundation for the Northern Expedition. [12- 13] In the spring of the sixth year of the Northern Expedition (228), Zhuge Liang raised his voice ahead of time and took the inclined valley road to attract Cao Zhen's heavy troops, so that Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi set up suspected soldiers to attack Qishan. Nan 'an, Tianshui and Anding counties in Longyou opposed Wei's attachment to Shu, and Guanzhong shook. Chang 'an, the west town of Wei Mingdi, ordered Zhang He to ride fifty thousand troops and beat Ma Su to the street pavilion. At the same time, Zhao Yun was outnumbered and lost to Ji Gu. Zhuge Liang pulled more than 1000 families back to Hanzhong from Xixian County. The first Northern Expedition failed. [ 14]? In the winter of the same year, Zhuge Liang took advantage of the weakness of Guanzhong by taking advantage of the opportunity of Taiwei's eastward advance. He took advantage of the Northern Expedition to send troops to disperse customs (southwest of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province) and surround Chencang (east of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province). Zhao Hao, the general of Wei, refused him, but Zhuge Liang failed to persuade him to surrender. He had no choice but to return to Hanzhong. Wei Zhui was beheaded. In the spring of the seventh year of lite (229), Zhuge Liang sent Chen Shi to attack Wudu (now Chengxian County, Gansu Province) and Yin Ping (now Wenxian County, Gansu Province). Guo Huai, the secretariat of Yongzhou, led the troops to rescue him. Out to Jianwei (now west of Xihe County, Gansu Province), Guo Huai withdrew, so he got the second county. In the autumn of the eighth year of lite (230), Wei Jun attacked Hanzhong, Sima Yi went to Xicheng (now northwest of Ankang City, Shaanxi Province), Zhang He went to Woods Valley, and Cao Zhen went to Gu Jie. Zhuge Liang was stationed in Chenggu (now east of Chenggu County, Shaanxi Province) and Akasaka (now twenty miles east of Yangxian County, Shaanxi Province). It rained heavily for more than 30 days, and Wei Jun retreated. In the same year, Zhuge Liang sent Wei Yan and Wu to Qiang, and defeated Fei Yao, the general after Wei Dynasty, and Guo Huai, the secretariat of Yongzhou, in Yuyang River (now Nan 'an County, southwest of Wushan Mountain in Gansu Province). [ 15]? In February of the 9th year of Jianxing (23 1), Zhuge Liang led an army to attack Qishan, only to get lucky. When Cao Zhen was seriously ill, the Guanzhong commander Sima Yi refused. Zhuge Liang cut wheat in Shangguan (now Tianshui County, Gansu Province). Sima Yi chased the light to Lucheng (now between Tianshui City and Gangu, Gansu Province), dug up the camp and held on, which was a mockery of "fearing Shu like a tiger". According to Han Chunqiu, in May of the same year, Zhuge Liang sent Wei Yan, Gao Xiang and Wu Ban to refuse, and Sima Yi was defeated. The Han army obtained the first batch of 3000-class armor, 5000-class armor and 3 100 crossbows, so Sima Yi returned to Baoying. In June, Li Yan called back because of poor grain transportation. Zhang He chased Liang, retreated to the wooden door and was shot dead by an arrow. This is his second time out of Qishan. [ 16]? In February of the 12th year of Jianxing (234), Zhuge Liang led the army out, and settled in Weibin according to Wu Wuzhangyuan (now Qishan South, Shaanxi Province), with Sima Yi as Weinan, and sent troops with Wu. During this period, Zhuge Liang sent envoys to issue gauntlets and decorate women many times to anger Sima Yi in Wang Xuan. However, Sima Yi could not bear the humiliation and calmed his anger with the coup of "a battle of thousands of miles". Zhuge Liang is an adventurous wasteland-digger, who grows grain and is self-sufficient with the people of Wei in the territory of Wei. He planned to stay there for a long time, but Zhuge Liang became seriously ill because of overwork. [ 17]? In August, Zhuge Liang died in Wuzhangyuan (in Baoji) at the age of 54. Yang Yi and others led the troops back, and Jiang Wei obeyed Zhuge Liang's will, secretly refused to send out an obituary and slowly withdrew. Sima yi led the army in pursuit, only to see the handsome flag of the Shu army flying, and Kong Mingyu sitting in the car, wearing a black silk scarf. Sima Yi suspected that Kongming had deceived the enemy, so he quickly got on his horse and retreated, so there was a story of "Zhuge's death scared Zhong Da away". [ 18]? The six battles, Qishan only twice; The fourth time, Wei Jun took the initiative to attack, and the Shu army defended. Due to continuous rainstorm and flash floods, the plank road was washed away, and Shu and Wei surrendered without a fight. [ 19]? Zhuge Liang's last words ordered the Ministry to be buried in Dingjun Mountain in Hanzhong, and a tomb was built according to the mountain situation. The tomb can only accommodate the coffin, put on the usual clothes, and do not need to use other instruments for burial. Zhuge Liang was buried in the tomb of Wuhou, Mianxian County, Dingjun Mountain. Zhuge Liang once pointed out in the above table that he had no extra property, only 800 mulberry trees and 15 hectares of land, and all his clothes were seized by the court. Although his sons are self-sufficient, he has no extra property. Sure enough, Zhuge Liang was like this until his death. Even before he died, he was told that when he was buried, he only needed to dig a hole and put the coffin in, so he could put on ordinary clothes without other funerary objects. [20]? Thirty years after Zhuge Liang's death, his eldest son Zhuge Zhan and his eldest grandson Zhuge Shang died together in Mianzhu.