Excuse me, what is the name of a poem? I only know what is difficult~~~~

Chaitou Feng·Hongsu Shou

Original text

Chai Tou Feng (Lu You)

Hongsu Shou, yellow vine wine. The city is full of spring scenery and the palace walls are filled with willows; the east wind is bad, joy is thin, I am full of melancholy, I have been away for a few years, wrong, wrong, wrong! Spring is as old as ever, and people are thin and empty. The tear stains are red and the crocodile silk is transparent; the peach blossoms fall in the leisurely pool pavilion. Although the mountain alliance is there, it is difficult to carry the brocade book. Mo, mo, mo! 浥(yì)鲲(jiāo)

Chai Tou Feng (Tang Wan)

The world is weak and human feelings are evil. Flowers fall easily at dusk when it rains; the wind dries at dawn, and the traces of tears are left, and I want to write down my thoughts. , Monologue Xilan. Difficult, difficult, difficult! People are different, today is not yesterday, the sick soul is always like a rope on a swing; the sound of the horn is cold, the night is dark, I am afraid of being asked, so I swallow my tears and pretend to be happy. Hide it, hide it, hide it! Edit the author of this paragraph

Lu You

(1125-1210) poet and lyricist of the Southern Song Dynasty. Ziwuguan, nicknamed Fangweng, was a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province in the Southern Song Dynasty. He wrote abundantly throughout his life, with dozens of collected works and more than 9,300 poems in existence, making him the poet with the most poems in the history of literature. Lu You had many literary talents, especially his poetry. He made outstanding achievements in ideology and art. He was known as "Little Li Bai" during his lifetime. He not only became the leader of poetry in the Southern Song Dynasty, but also enjoyed a great reputation in the history of Chinese literature. He has a high status and is a great patriotic poet. The number of lyrics is not as huge as that of poems, but the same spirit of patriotism that devastates the captives runs through it. There is one volume of "Fang Weng Ci" and two volumes of "Weinan Ci". [2] Tang Wan

His courtesy name is Huixian, his birth and death dates are unknown. Lu You's cousin, the daughter of Lu You's maternal uncle Tang Cheng, was quiet, smart and talented since she was a child. She was also Lu You's first wife, who was later separated due to Lu's mother's prejudice. This is why he wrote the famous "The Hairpin Phoenix" (The Love of the World is Poor). Editor's Appreciation of this Paragraph

Summary

This poem describes Lu You's own love tragedy. Lu You's first wife was a noble lady from the Tang family in the same county. After they got married, they "got along well with each other" and were "very harmonious". They were a loving couple who were in love with each other. Unexpectedly, Lu's mother, one of the marriage arrangers, became disgusted with her daughter-in-law and forced Lu You to abandon the Tang family. After Lu You tried to persuade and plead to no avail, the two were finally forced to separate. Tang remarried Zhao Shicheng, the "eldest son of the same county", and there was no news about them. One spring day a few years later, Lu You met Tang, who was traveling with his husband, in Shenyuan near Yuji Temple in the south of his hometown of Shanyin (now Shaoxing City). Mrs. Tang arranged wine and food to show her comfort to Lu You. When Lu You saw that someone was touching something, he felt deeply in his heart, so he recited this poem while drunk and wrote it on the wall of the garden. The whole poem describes the poet's encounter with the Tang family, expressing their deep attachment and longing for each other, as well as the poet's resentment, sorrow and indescribable sadness.

The first part of the poem

The first part of the poem recalls the happy love life in the past and laments the pain of forced divorce, which has two meanings. The first three sentences are the first layer of the film, recalling the beautiful scene of visiting Shen Garden with Tang family in the past: "Red hands, yellow wine. The city is full of spring scenery and willows on the palace walls." Although it is a memory, because it is filled with lyrics, It is not possible to write essays or memoirs, so it is impossible to write down the entire scene, so I only selected one scene to write, and for this scene, I only selected one or two of the most representative and characteristic details of the love affair. "Red Crispy Hands" not only describes Tang's beautiful posture when she is diligently holding the lamp for the poet, but also summarizes the beauty of Tang's whole person (including her inner beauty). However, more importantly, it concretely and vividly expresses the tenderness and affection between this loving couple and the contentment and happiness of their married life. The third sentence outlines a broad and far-reaching background for this picture of a couple drinking in the Spring Garden, making it clear that they are enjoying the spring scenery. The ruddy color of Tang's arms, the yellow seal of the wine, and the green of the willow color give this picture a bright and harmonious sense of color. The lines of "East Wind Evil" are the second level, describing the writer's painful mood after being forced to divorce Tang's family. The previous level describes the spring scenery and love, which is infinitely beautiful, but here it suddenly changes, and the angry emotional tide suddenly breaks through the gate of the poet's heart, and is vented uncontrollably. The three words "East Wind Evil" are a pun with rich implications. They are the key to the whole poem and the crux of the poet's love tragedy. Originally, the east wind can revitalize the earth and bring vitality to all things. However, when it blows and sweeps wildly, it will also destroy the spring appearance. The saying in the next piece, "Peach blossoms fall in the leisure pond pavilion", is exactly what it says. It is the serious consequences brought about by its wild blowing and sweeping, so it is called "evil". However, it is mainly a metaphor for the "evil" forces that caused the poet's love tragedy. As for whether Mother Lu is also included, the answer should not be denied. It is only because it is inconvenient to say it explicitly, but it cannot be left unsaid, so it has to be expressed in this implicit way. The following three sentences further express the poet's resentment against the "East Wind" and add the word "evil": "Happiness is thin. I am full of melancholy, and I have been away for a few years." A happy marriage was forced to be broken up, and the love was broken. The couple was forced to separate, causing them both to suffer tremendous emotional torture and pain. The years of separation brought them nothing but sorrow and resentment. Isn't this just like the brilliant spring flowers that have been destroyed by the ruthless east wind and withered and drifted away? Next, "wrong, wrong, wrong", three "wrong" words burst out in a row, and the emotions were extremely painful.

But who is at fault? Is it a denial of the fact that I "didn't dare to go against His Majesty's will" and ended up "making love with my wife"? Is it a denial of the oppressive behavior of His Holiness? Is it a denial of the unreasonable marriage system? The poet did not say it clearly, and it is not convenient for him to say it clearly. This "olive weighing a thousand pounds" (a phrase from "A Dream of Red Mansions") is left to the readers to chew and taste. Although this level expresses one's heart directly, the passionate emotions are rushing down like a river, all at once; but they are not all gone. Among them, the words "East Wind is evil" and "Wrong, wrong, wrong" are very strange.

The next part

The next part of the poem, from lamenting the past back to reality, further expresses the great sorrow of his wife being forced to divorce, and is also divided into two levels. Change the first three sentences to the first level, describing Tang's behavior when Shen Yuan reunited. "Spring is as old as before" comes from the sentence "The city is full of spring scenery" in the previous film, which is also the background of the encounter at this time. It's still the same spring day as before, but people are no longer what they used to be. In the past, Tang's skin was so rosy and full of youthful vitality; but now, after being ruthlessly ravaged by the "east wind", she has become haggard and thin. Although the sentence "people are thin in space" only describes the changes in the appearance of Down syndrome, it clearly shows the great pain that "several years of separation" has brought to her. Like the poet, she is also tormented by "melancholy"; like the poet, she also has old feelings and longs for her! Otherwise, how could you lose weight? It is a very common technique in literary works to describe changes in appearance to express changes in the inner world, but thin means thinner, so why add the word "empty" in it? "You have a wife, and Luofu also has a husband." ("Ancient Poems. Moshang Sang") From the perspective of marriage, the two of them have long been unrelated. Now that things have come to this, isn't it in vain to torture yourself for lovesickness? With this word, the poet's sympathy, comfort, pain, etc. are all expressed. The sentence "tear marks" further expresses Tang's emotional state during this encounter by depicting her expressions and movements. When we meet again in the old garden and think about the past, can she not cry or burst into tears? However, the poet did not directly write that her face was full of tears. Instead, she used the technique of line drawing and wrote that her "tears were stained red and the crocodile gauze showed through", which seemed more tactful, calm, more vivid, and more touching. And the word "through" not only shows how much tears she shed, but also how sad she is. In the second layer of the film, the lyricist herself used a direct expression of her feelings; here, when writing about Tang syndrome, she changed her technique and only wrote about the changes in her appearance and body and her painful mood. Because everything written in this layer is composed of lyrics. It can be seen in the human eye, so it has the artistic effect of "two emotions at once". It can be seen that the poet is not only deep in emotion, but also deep in words. The last few sentences of the poem are the second layer of the next part, which shows the painful mood of the poet after meeting Tang's syndrome. The two sentences "Peach Blossom Falling" echo the sentence "East Wind Evil" in the previous film, and highlight that although the description of the scene is a description of the scene, it also implies human affairs. Isn't it? Peach blossoms wither and gardens become deserted. These are just changes in things, but changes in people and things are even worse than changes in things. Isn’t it true that Tang’s, who is as beautiful as a peach blossom, has also been tortured and emaciated by the ruthless “east wind”? Isn't the poet's own state of mind as lonely and desolate as "Xianchi Pavilion"? It's clever and natural to have two ideas in one stroke. Next, it turns to direct emotion: "Although the alliance is there, it is difficult to trust the brocade book." Although these two sentences have only eight characters, they can express the poet's inner pain. Although I say that my love is as strong as a rock and my infatuation will never change, how can I express such a sincere heart? You obviously love, but you can't love; you know you can't love, but you can't cut off the thread of love. In an instant, there was love, hate, pain, and resentment, plus the pity and comfort generated by seeing Tang's haggard face and sad condition. It was really a mixture of emotions, thousands of arrows in the heart, a kind of Indescribable sorrow once again burst out of my chest and throat: "Mo, Mo, Mo!" The matter has reached this point, and there is no way to remedy it. There is no way to recover it. What do these thousands of emotions still want it to do and say it will do? ? So he cut the mess with a sharp knife: Forget it, forget it, forget it! It is clear that the words are not finished, the meaning is not finished, the feeling is not over yet, but it just leaves it like this, and the whole poem ends with an extremely painful sigh. This poem always arranges its words around the specific space of Shen Garden. The first part of the poem goes from recalling the past to the present, with "Evil East Wind"; the second part returns to reality, with "Spring is as old" and The sentence "The city is full of spring scenery" echoes the sentence "The peach blossoms fall in the leisurely pond pavilion" and the sentence "The east wind is evil" in the previous film, vividly reflecting the love affairs and scenes in the same space and different times. The whole poem mostly uses contrasting techniques. For example, in the above film, the more vividly the beautiful scenes of the couple living together in the past are written vividly, the more deeply and palpable the sad state of mind they felt after they were forced to divorce was made. It shows the ruthlessness and hatefulness of "Dongfeng", thus forming a strong emotional contrast. For another example, the upper part says "red hands" and the lower part says "empty and thin". In the vivid and sharp contrast, they fully show the tremendous mental torture and pain that "several years of separation" has brought to Down syndrome. The whole poem has a rapid rhythm and a sad tone, coupled with two exclamations of "wrong, wrong, wrong" and "mo, mo, mo", which is so heart-stirring that it expresses unbearable and unspeakable emotions. All in all, this poem achieves the perfect unity of content and form, and is a unique and tear-jerking work. [3]

Background

The two poems were written by different people, but they are soaked in the same resentment and helplessness, because they both tell a sad love Story - Tang Wan and Lu You fall in love and dream in the garden. Lu You was a famous patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty.

He was born in a prosperous scholarly family in Shanyang, Yuezhou. When he was a child, the Jin people invaded the south, and he often fled with his family. At this time, his maternal uncle Tang Cheng's family had many contacts with the Lu family. Tang Cheng had a daughter named Tang Wan, also known as Huixian. She was quiet and smart since she was a child, not good at words but considerate. They are very similar to Lu You, who is similar in age. The two are childhood sweethearts and have been together for a long time. Even in the chaos of war, the two young people who are not familiar with the world still spend a pure and beautiful time together. As they grew older, a lingering affection gradually grew in their hearts. In their youth, Lu You and Tang Wan were both good at poetry. They often expressed their feelings through poetry. In front of flowers and under the moon, they recited poems and sang to each other. Their beautiful figures were in pairs, like a pair of colorful butterflies fluttering among the flowers, and their eyebrows were filled with happiness. harmonious. The parents of the two families, as well as all the relatives and friends, also believed that they were a match made in heaven, so the Lu family made a marriage agreement with the Tang family using an extremely exquisite family phoenix hairpin as a token. After becoming an adult, Tang Wan became the wife of the Lu family after a night of wedding ceremony. From then on, Lu You and Tang Wan became even more harmonious and deeply in love. They were immersed in the world of the two of them. They didn't know what time it was, and they temporarily put all their imperial examinations, fame and wealth, and even their loved ones out of the sky. At this time, Lu You had already made love to become an official, but this was only the first step in becoming an official. He would then go to Lin'an to participate in the "Lock Hall Examination" and the Ministry of Etiquette Examination. Newly married Lu You lingers in the gentle countryside and has no time to take care of his exam homework. Lu You's mother, Tang, is a dignified and domineering woman. She wholeheartedly hopes that her son Lu You will be named on the gold medal list and become an official, so that he can shine in the family. Seeing the current situation, she was very dissatisfied. She scolded Tang Wan several times as an aunt and even as a mother-in-law, ordering her to focus on her husband's future in the imperial examination and to neglect the love between her children. However, Lu and Tang were deeply in love and couldn't look back, and the situation never improved significantly. Mother Lu was disgusted with her daughter-in-law because of this, believing that Tang Wan was really the star of the Tang family and would delay her son's future. So she went to Wuliang Nunnery in the suburbs and asked the nun Miaoyu to tell her son and daughter-in-law's fate. After some calculations, Miao Yin said in a serious manner: "Tang Wan and Lu You are not compatible. First he misled them, but eventually his life was in danger." Upon hearing this, Lu's mother was so frightened that she hurried home, called Lu You, and forced him to say: : "Quickly write a divorce letter and give up Tang Wan, otherwise I will die with you." This sentence was undoubtedly a thunderstorm on a sunny day, which shocked Lu You and didn't know what he was doing. When Lu You's mother recounted all the things that happened to Tang Wan, Lu You felt as sad as a knife. He, who had always been filial, had no choice but to cry secretly when faced with his resolute mother. Forced by his mother's fate, Lu You had no choice but to agree to send Tang Wan back to her parents' home. This situation seems to be unreasonable today, and the relationship between two people cannot be allowed to be interfered with by others. However, in ancient Chinese society that advocated filial piety, the mother's destiny was the imperial edict, and the son of man could not obey it. In this way, a pair of deeply affectionate mandarin ducks are about to be torn apart by unwarranted filial piety, secular power and mysterious destiny. Lu You and Tang Wan were inseparable, and they couldn't bear to leave without a chance to get together, so they quietly built a separate courtyard to accommodate Tang Wan. Lu You went there as soon as he had the opportunity to renew his dream with Tang Wan, and their love was as good as ever. Unfortunately, nothing could stop the fire, and the shrewd Mother Lu quickly noticed the incident. He strictly ordered the two of them to cut off contact with each other, and married Lu You to a docile and dutiful daughter of the Wang family, completely severing the long love between Lu and Tang. In desperation, Lu You had no choice but to put away his grievances. Under the supervision of his mother, he focused on studying for the imperial examinations and studied hard for three years. At the age of twenty-seven, he left his hometown of Shanyin alone and went to Lin'an to participate in the "lockdown". Hall test". In Lin'an, Lu You won the appreciation of the examiner Lu Fu with his solid foundation in Confucian classics and brilliant literary thinking, and was recommended as the leader. The person who won the second place in the same subject examination happened to be Qin Xun, the grandson of Qin Hui, the prime minister of the dynasty. Qin Hui felt deeply ashamed, so during the Ministry of Rites examination in the spring of the next year, he made excuses and excluded Lu You's test paper. Lu You's career encountered ups and downs from the very beginning. After failing the examination of the Ministry of Rites, Lu You returned to his hometown. The scenery of his hometown remained the same, but the people's appearance had changed. Seeing things and thinking about people, I feel desolate in my heart. In order to relieve his melancholy, Lu You often stayed alone in the green mountains and green waters, or sat in a wild temple to explore the ancient times; In this way, he lived a leisurely and dissolute life. On a spring noon with blooming flowers, Lu You casually strolled to the Shen Garden of Yuji Temple. Shen Garden is an elegant garden with sparse flowers and trees, towering rocks and winding paths. It is a good place for locals to visit in spring to enjoy flowers. A woman in cotton clothes walked towards him on a quiet path deep in the garden. Lu You, who was strolling with his head lowered, suddenly looked up and saw that it was Tang Wan, his ex-wife who had been away for several years. At that moment, time and eyes were frozen. The two people's eyes were glued together, and they both felt confused. They didn't know whether it was a dream or reality. They didn't know whether the eyes were full of love, resentment, thinking, or pity. At this time, Tang Wan had married Zhao Shicheng, a scholar from the same county, at the discretion of her family. The Zhao family was descended from the royal family and had a prominent family. Zhao Shicheng was a generous and affectionate scholar. He showed sincere sympathy and sympathy for Tang Wan, who had suffered emotional setbacks. understanding. Tang Wan's traumatized mind has gradually recovered, and new feelings have begun to sprout. The unexpected encounter with Lu You at this time undoubtedly reopened Tang Wan's closed heart. The old tenderness and various grievances that had been stored in it suddenly burst out. The weak Tang Wan could hardly bear this feeling. As for Lu You, although he had suppressed his longing for Tang Wan through hard reading, poetry and wine over the past few years, at this moment, the old feelings buried deep in his heart could not help but flow out.

Their eyes met, and they had all kinds of thoughts and feelings, but they didn't know where to start. This time Tang Wan and her husband Zhao Shicheng visited Shen Garden, where Zhao Shicheng was waiting for her to eat. After being in a daze for a while, Tang Wan, who was already someone else's wife, finally took up heavy steps, left a deep glance and walked away, leaving Lu You alone in a daze among the flowers. The gentle breeze came, waking up Lu You who was deep in his old dream. He couldn't help but follow Tang Wan's figure, and came to the pond under the willow bushes. In the distance, he saw Tang Wan and Zhao Shicheng eating on the waterside pavilion in the pond. Faintly, she could see Tang Wan lowering her head and frowning. She stretched out her jade hands and red sleeves intentionally or unintentionally, and drank slowly with Zhao Shicheng. This familiar scene broke Lu You's heart. Yesterday's love dream and today's obsession and resentment were all in my heart, and I was filled with emotion, so I took up a pen and wrote on the pink wall "Chai Tou Feng". This is the first poem mentioned at the beginning. Subsequently, Qin Hui died of illness. The court summoned Lu You again, and Lu You was ordered to serve as the director of Ningde County, far away from his hometown of Shanyin. In the spring of the next year, with an inexplicable longing, Tang Wan came to Shen Garden again, wandering among the winding paths and corridors, and suddenly caught a glimpse of Lu You's inscription. Reciting it repeatedly, I remembered the scene in the past when the two of them sang poems in harmony, and I couldn't help but burst into tears, and my heart was up and down. Unknowingly, I reconciled a line of poems, which were inscribed after Lu You's poems. This is the second poem "Chai Tou" mentioned at the beginning. phoenix". Tang Wan is a woman who attaches great importance to friendship. Her love with Lu You was originally a perfect combination, but it was destroyed by the wind and rain of the world. Although Zhao Shicheng gave her emotional comfort again, after all, it was difficult to overcome the difficulties in the sea. The unforgettable relationship with Lu You has always remained in the deepest part of her emotional world. Ever since she saw Lu You's inscription, her heart could no longer calm down. Recalling the past and lamenting the helpless world, the fire of emotion tortured her, making her become haggard and depressed, and she turned into a fallen leaf and quietly passed away in the wind in the bleak autumn season. Only an amorous "Hairhead Phoenix" remains, which makes future generations sigh.