What matters should the elderly pay attention to at home in winter?

When the weather is cold in winter, the functions of various organs of the human body will decrease, blood vessels will contract and blood pressure will increase. If you don't pay attention to keep warm, it will easily lead to blood vessel rupture, blood pressure increase and myocardial ischemia.

Pay special attention to the warmth of the head, back, shoulders, neck, feet and other key parts. When going out, it is best to wear a cotton wool hat, scarf and, if necessary, a down vest or vest.

Second, closely monitor blood pressure

The temperature is low in winter, which is the season of high incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Cold will stimulate the contraction of the heart, cause high blood pressure and vasospasm, and increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Therefore, patients with hypertension should closely monitor their blood pressure in winter, and see a doctor in time if they have symptoms such as dizziness, headache, tinnitus, eye swelling, eye pain and numbness of limbs.

Elderly hypertensive patients with a history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should pay more attention to the fluctuation of blood pressure, and avoid the situation of "fishing for three days and drying the net for two days".

In addition, you must quit smoking and drinking during this period of cold, especially those with a history of cardiovascular disease.

third, get more sunshine

. In winter, the sunshine time is short and the weather is cold. In order to keep out the cold, the human body generally reduces outdoor activities, especially in the sun. At this time, more sun exposure can promote vitamin D synthesis and calcium and phosphorus absorption.

The sunshine in winter is mild and soft, and the ultraviolet rays are not as strong as those in summer.

If the elderly get proper sunshine in winter, it will help to strengthen their physique and reduce diseases.

However, the elderly can bask in the back and waist more in winter to promote blood circulation, which is also helpful to prevent osteoporosis.

Fourth, moderate exercise

When the temperature drops, exercise can make the body better adapt to the cold environment.

In addition, when the weather is cold, people's sympathetic nerves are excited, adrenaline secretion increases, and blood pressure rises. At this time, due to the reduction of energy supply in the body, the metabolic rate slows down or even stagnates, and so on, there will be a decline in physical resistance.

Therefore, exercise should be gradual, the amount of exercise should be increased appropriately, and outdoor exercise should be avoided when the temperature is high; People with basic diseases such as hypertension and coronary heart disease should exercise under the guidance of a doctor.

Try not to go out to exercise when the weather is cold in winter, because the risk of thrombosis will increase due to the contraction of capillaries, the decrease of blood flow and the increase of blood viscosity in human muscles and joints when the temperature drops.

At the same time, if you encounter strong cold air stimulation, exposed parts of your body or direct contact with cold air in outdoor sports, you will also induce cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Therefore, it is suggested that elderly friends should pay attention to keeping warm, preventing cold and catching cold when going out.

5. Pay attention to the diet structure

When the weather is cold, the appetite of the elderly will decrease.

Winter is the season when the yang is hidden and the yin is getting longer. At this time, if you eat too much cold food, it will lead to gastrointestinal discomfort and even diarrhea.

It is suggested that the diet of the elderly in cold weather should be mainly warm tonic, and the food can be lean meat, fish, eggs, beans, etc. Eat less raw, cold, hard and brittle things.

In addition, it is necessary to pay attention not to overeat, but to chew slowly.