Introduction to Xi'an City Wall and related ancient poems
1. Poems describing the ancient city wall of Xi'an
1. Listening to the flute playing on the Yellow Crane Tower with Shi Lang Zhongqin
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Inscribed on the Beixie Monument
Tang Dynasty: Li Bai
One day I moved to Changsha, looking west to Chang'an but not seeing my home.
The jade flute is played in the Yellow Crane Tower, and the plum blossoms fall in May in Jiangcheng.
Translation:
Once you become a relegated person, it is like Jia Yi who arrived in Changsha and looked westward day after day, but could not see Chang'an or his home.
The flute sound of "Plum Blossoms Falling" came from the Yellow Crane Tower, making Jiangcheng see plum blossoms falling again in May.
2. Three Quatrains on Passing the Huaqing Palace
Tang Dynasty: Du Mu
Looking back at Chang'an, there are piles of embroidery, and thousands of doors are opened one after another on the top of the mountain.
Riding on the red dust concubine smiled, no one knew it was lychee.
The green trees of Xinfeng are covered with yellow mosaics, and several emissaries riding on the fishing sun are returning.
The song of neon clothes reaches thousands of peaks, and the original dance comes down.
The music and songs of all nations are intoxicating and peaceful, and the moon in the sky tower is clear.
Lushan dance is shot randomly in the clouds, and laughter is heard under the heavy mountains as the wind blows.
Translation:
Looking back at Lishan Mountain in Chang'an, it looks like a pile of brocades. On the top of the mountain, thousands of doors of Huaqing Palace are opened one after another.
The concubine smiled happily when a horse came riding and the smoke was billowing. No one knew that fresh lychees had been sent from the south.
Yellow dust can be seen from time to time in the Xinfeng area surrounded by green trees, which is the return of the emissaries from Yuyang.
They lied about the military situation, and Tang Xuanzong and Yang Guifei still indulged in singing and dancing until Anlu Mountain raised troops and the Central Plains was ruined.
The whole country was immersed in singing and dancing, and the palaces and pavilions on Lishan Mountain looked particularly distinct in the moonlight.
An Lushan dragged his fat body into a whirlwind dance, causing Yang Guifei's laughter to float in the wind across the mountains.
3. Walking along the sand embankment to Mr. Pei
Tang Dynasty: Zhang Ji
The sand embankment on Chang'an Avenue is dust-free, rain-free and mud-free in the morning.
Three moments later, the jade in the palace leaked, and the prime minister arrived on horseback led by Zhu Yi.
The high-rise buildings on the roadside are singing and singing, and thousands of cars can't move, but those who can't move have to avoid it.
The street officials and the local staff are calling each other, and there is only an empty thoroughfare for ten miles now.
The white hemp edict is transferred to the seal, and the new embankment has not yet become the old embankment.
Translation:
The sandy road in Chang'an City was specially paved for the prime minister and privy ministers to travel from their private residences to the palace. Even if it is windy in the morning, there will be no dust. , there will be no sludge even if it rains.
The jade clepsydra used to record time in the palace shows that after three quarters (presumed to be the third quarter of the fifth watch, ordinary officials lined up in court at the second quarter of the fifth watch), the prime minister dressed in red clothes for The leading knight led them down to the palace gate.
On the way here, the singers and musicians on the tall buildings on both sides stopped singing and playing, and the cars, horses and pedestrians on the road had to stop and avoid it.
The officials in charge of patrolling the streets and alleys shouted loudly for the Prime Minister's cavalry, and the first ten miles of the cavalry became an unobstructed empty road.
However, this superficial majesty and prominence are temporary. As soon as the imperial edict made of white linen is issued, the official seal of the prime minister will be handed over, and the power in the court will be replaced. For the new prime minister and privy councilors, Before the new Shamian road paved by the minister was completed, the Shamian road paved by the former minister was destroyed because there was no one to take care of it.
4. Reminiscing about Wu Chushi on the River
Tang Dynasty: Jia Dao
When the Min Kingdom sailed away, the toad lost its balance and regained its balance.
The autumn wind brings forth the Weishui River, and the fallen leaves cover Chang'an.
It was the evening of the party here, and it was thundery, rainy and cold.
Lan Yanshu has not returned yet, and there is a sea of news.
Translation:
Since you set sail to Fujian, the moon has waxed and waned several times.
When we parted, the autumn wind blew across the Wei River, and fallen leaves scattered all over the capital city of Chang'an.
I remember that on the night of the farewell party, the weather was very chilly with thunderstorms.
The ship you are on has not returned yet, and your news is still far away from the sea and clouds.
5. Song of Yangchun
Tang Dynasty: Li Bai
The white sun shines in the spring sky in Chang'an, and the green poplar trees and smoke hang down in the wind.
The flowers in front of the Xiang Palace are beginning to turn red, and the flowers are fragrant and colorful in the embroidered houses.
In the embroidered house, phase passed by.
Queen Feiyan dances lightly, Lady Purple Palace sings a masterpiece.
The Holy King has thirty-six thousand days, but he is happy every year.
Translation:
In March, the warm sun shines on Chang'an City. Under the blue sky, the branches of the poplar trees have sprouted buds. Under the warm spring breeze, they look light from a distance. Smokey dance.
The flowers in front of the Xiang Hall are in bud, already showing their red color, exuding fragrance in the embroidery room.
The poet passed by the embroidery room.
I can’t help but think of Queen Zhao Feiyan’s graceful figure and dancing posture, and Mrs. Zi Gong’s peerless voice.
But these beautiful scenery in the palace gardens in spring have been wasted in the homes of emperors of all dynasties, and the world cannot appreciate it. It is a pity. 2. Verses related to the city wall
1. Time has destroyed its vicissitudes: but it still stands majestic, like an angry-eyed King Kong. He has experienced a lot of desolation, prosperity and sadness. The moss is a trace of the passing of time, and the ancient walls block enemies and make the city impregnable.
2. The scenery of the ancient city wall is always new in four seasons, which can greatly attract people's yearning and concern. There is no difference between Xi'an people, strangers, Chinese and foreigners, and they are treated equally. Smile.
3. The ancient city wall of Shouxian County is one of the few well-preserved city walls in the country. Because Shouxian County is located in an important position where the Huai River and the Huai River are bounded by the Yangtze River, it has been an important military town fought over by military strategists for thousands of years.
4. The city wall was originally built with flat bricks. After liberation, part of the wall was built with stones to prevent floods. In recent years, it has been reinforced with stone strips.
5. As a witness to ancient history, Shouzhou people cherish the well-preserved city wall. The city wall was rebuilt in the Song Dynasty and repaired repeatedly since then. The city wall has a circumference of 7174 meters, a height of 9.7 meters, a bottom width of 18-20 meters, and a top width of 6-10 meters.
6. Inlaid on the east wall of the south gate of the ancient city is a stone carving with a samurai in the shape of a stabbing. This is the "menliren" one of the "Eight Scenes in Shouzhou".
7. Standing on the broad city wall, looking far into the distance. Under the vast sky, this ancient brick wall stretches up and down along with the mountains and valleys.
8. The Great Wall has stood here for thousands of years. It is a record of life and a witness to history. I guess there must be something hidden in the longest, strongest and thickest gray wall on earth. it? Could it be the great soul of our ancient nation?
9. The city wall is built so high. The king who built the city wall believed that the towering city wall gave people the impression of being indestructible, and that height meant strength. But such a concrete power is no match for a word, no match for the words of this generation of Weiguo leader: "Let's surrender."
10. A city wall, a few bricks. Without those histories and legends, its value would be what we see, and there is no need to delve into it.
11. Walking through the lonely city of youth, caressing the mottled ancient city wall, I wonder how many mirrors and moons have passed by in the passing years, and before I knew it, sad rain fell quietly.
12. Chinese etiquette books stipulate that the city wall must be square and must be located in an orderly manner: the city wall must have 12 gates to coincide with the 12 months, and there must be an inner city for the royal family to live.
13. The past time stayed in a certain corner. I pursued it all the way. Through the ancient city wall, I saw us in black and white, so I smiled sentimentally again...
14. In the rain, I walked through the thick Yuan City Wall, climbed up to the ancient Big Wild Goose Pagoda, and walked by the hazy Qujiang Pond, but I couldn’t find the Chang’an in my dream or you in my dream.
15. The ancient city wall looks like it has been standing here since ancient times. The hundred-meter-high wall is already covered with little moss, and these moss are the traces of the passing of time and the vicissitudes of life. The best evidence.
16. Let’s look at it more seriously. The city wall, with its ups and downs, cannot withstand the weight of history and is slightly stooped. It has countless cracks and is overgrown with weeds. Its majesty is just a shell. It has been deserted for a long time and is full of cannonballs. Remains. Any enemy can be defeated in one attack.
17. When I climb the ancient city wall, when I caress the decayed pillars, when I lean on the railing and look far away in excitement, there will always be a trace of sourness rushing into my throat, and I will always hear a The voice said loudly: Remember? Your ancestor's name is Yanhuang.
18. A corner platform is built at each corner of the city wall. The southwest corner platform is round and the remaining three are square. The corner platform protrudes outside the wall, and there is a turret taller than the enemy tower, indicating its important position in war defense.
19. There are 98 protruding enemy towers every 120 meters on the city wall. There are currently 93 seats. An enemy tower was built on the enemy platform, which was a place for the defenders to rest, watch and fight.
20. The growth and development of Xi'an City Wall has its own long process, and subsequent construction has never stopped. The history of the Xi'an City Wall can be traced back to the Sui and Tang Dynasties more than 1,400 years ago. We should not conclude that it is only more than 600 years old just because it was built in the Ming Dynasty and covered with bricks. 3. Verses related to the city wall
1. Time has destroyed its vicissitudes: but it still stands majestic, like an angry-eyed King Kong.
He has experienced a lot of desolation, prosperity and sadness. The moss is a trace of the passing of time, and the ancient walls block enemies and make the city impregnable.
2. The scenery of the ancient city wall is always new in four seasons, which can greatly attract people's yearning and concern. There is no difference between Xi'an people, strangers, Chinese and foreigners, and they are treated equally. Smile. 3. The ancient city wall of Shouxian County is one of the few well-preserved city walls in the country.
Because Shouxian County is located in an important position where the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River are bounded by the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River, it has been an important military town fought over by military strategists for thousands of years.
4. The city wall was originally made of flat bricks. After liberation, part of the wall was built with stones to prevent floods. In recent years, it has been reinforced with stone strips.
5. As a witness to ancient history, Shouzhou people cherish the well-preserved city wall. The city wall was rebuilt in the Song Dynasty and repaired repeatedly since then.
The city wall has a circumference of 7174 meters, a height of 9.7 meters, a bottom width of 18-20 meters, and a top width of 6-10 meters. 6. There is a stone carving embedded in the east wall of the south gate of the ancient city, which depicts a samurai in the shape of a stabbing. This is the "menliren" one of the "eight sceneries in Shouzhou".
7. Standing on the broad city wall, looking far into the distance. Under the vast sky, this ancient brick wall stretches up and down along with the mountains and valleys.
8. The Great Wall has stood here for thousands of years. It is a record of life and a witness to history. I guess there must be something hidden in the longest, strongest and thickest gray wall on earth.
It? Could it be the great soul of our ancient nation? 9. The city wall is built so high. The king who built the city wall believed that the towering city wall gave people the impression of being indestructible, and that height meant strength.
But such a concrete power cannot compete with a word, nor can it compete with the words of this generation of Weiguo leader: "Let us surrender." 10. A city wall, a few bricks.
Without those histories and legends, its value would be what we see, and there is no need to delve into it. 11. Walking through the lonely and youthful city, caressing the mottled ancient city wall, I wonder how many beautiful things have happened in the passing years, and before I know it, sad rain falls quietly.
12. Chinese etiquette books stipulate that the city wall must be square and must be located in an orderly manner: the city wall must have 12 gates to coincide with the 12 months, and there must be an inner city for the royal family to live. 13. The past time stayed in a certain corner, and I pursued it all the way. Through the ancient city walls, I saw us in black and white, so I smiled and felt sentimental again... 14. In the rain, I walked through the heavy rain. The city wall, the Everlasting Wild Goose Pagoda, walking by the hazy Qujiang Pond, I can't find the Chang'an in my dream, or you in my dream.
15. The ancient city wall looks like it has been standing here since ancient times. The hundred-meter-high wall is already covered with little moss, and these moss are the traces of the passing of time and the vicissitudes of life. The best evidence. 16. Let’s look at it more seriously. The city wall, with its ups and downs, cannot withstand the weight of history and is slightly rickety. It has countless cracks and is overgrown with weeds. Its majesty is just a shell. It has been deserted for a long time and is covered with the remains of cannonballs.
Any enemy can be defeated in one attack. 17. When I climb the ancient city wall, when I caress the decayed pillars, when I lean on the railing and look into the distance with excitement, there will always be a trace of sourness rushing into my throat, and I will always hear a voice saying loudly: Remember? ? Your ancestor's name is Yanhuang.
18. A corner platform is built at each corner of the city wall. The southwest corner platform is round and the remaining three are square. The corner platform protrudes outside the wall, and there is a turret taller than the enemy tower, indicating its important position in war defense.
19. There are 98 protruding enemy towers every 120 meters on the city wall. There are currently 93 seats.
An enemy tower is built on the enemy platform, which is a place for the defenders to rest, watch and fight. 20. The growth and development of Xi'an City Wall has its own long process, and subsequent construction has never stopped.
The history of the Xi'an City Wall can be traced back to the Sui and Tang Dynasties more than 1,400 years ago. We should not conclude that it is only more than 600 years old just because it was built in the Ming Dynasty and covered with bricks. 4. Poems about the city wall
1. Yellow shoots and new willows emerge from the city wall
Tang Dynasty
Bai Juyi
"Spring Arrival"
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2. Han Jin City Wall Walk
Tang Dynasty
Yuan Zhen
"Miscellaneous Songs and Songs: Five Interpretations of City Building Songs"
3. The river flooded the city wall
Tang Dynasty
Zhang Wei
"Ascend the Jinling Linjiang Post Tower"
4. Baili Linlin City Wall
Tang Dynasty
Cen Shen
"Accompanying Di Yuanwai to the West Tower of the Mansion in the Early Autumn to Present to the Lords in the Courtyard"
5. The river flooded the city wall
Tang Dynasty
Cen Shen
"Inscribed on the Golden City Linhe Post Tower" 5. What are the poems about "city wall"
1. "Spring Grass" Tang Dynasty: Cao Song is not alone in filling the pond, but the beautiful words in his dream are fragrant.
The spring breeze has enough power to lead up to the ancient city wall. 2. "Spring Arrival" Tang Dynasty: Bai Juyi If spring has returned to the southern country, it will be a long day to fight for the east tower.
White plum blossoms float on the stream, and new willows with yellow shoots emerge from the city wall. I was busy picking up banana leaves and writing poems, and I was bored with vine branches and drinking wine.
The pleasures gradually fade away and the body grows old. From now on, I will lose the scenery. 3. "Inscribed on Qinglong Temple" Tang Dynasty: Zhu Qingyu Temple was well positioned to watch the sunset.
The green hills serve as Buddhist pavilions, and the red leaves fill the monks’ corridors. The color of bamboo reaches the ground, and the sound of insects is heard above.
The most pity is that the east side is quiet, because it is close to the Chu city wall. 4. "Five Interpretations of Ancient City Building Songs" Tang Dynasty: Yuan Zhen fortressed Xia Ding every year, and often made fortress soldiers.
Since Maodun was strong, officials built Zhelu City. You need to work hard to build a city. The city is high and can hide thieves.
But I am afraid that there are many routes for thieves, and there is no city to cover them. Dingkou passed down his father's advice, don't ask whether the city is strong or not.
Pingcheng was besieged, and the Han Dynasty destroyed the city wall. Because of this, please break up the peace and let the captives ride over.
Half-doubt and half-belief, building a city is still craggy. If you dare to worry about building a city, I am willing to listen to Ding's words.
Please build Honglu Temple and worry about the captives coming out of the customs. 5. "Su Li Zhubu" Tang Dynasty: Zhou He leaned against the pavilion with a single tree and the crescent moon came in. The city walls were surrounded by mountains.
I came here tonight last year and saw the west wind whirling in the nest of magpies. 6. "Climbing the Jinling Linjiang Post Tower" Tang Dynasty: Zhang said that the ancient garrison was very dangerous, and the tall buildings were like Wuliang.
The roots of the mountain are wrapped around the post road, and the river water soaks the city wall. Parrots nest in the garden trees, and the garden flowers hide the scent of musk.
Suddenly on the river, I remembered being a fisherman. 6. Poems describing the city wall
"Spring Solstice" Era: Tang Dynasty Author: Bai Juyi If spring has returned to the southern country, it will be a long day to fight for the east tower.
White plum blossoms float on the stream, and new willows with yellow shoots emerge from the city wall. I was busy picking up banana leaves and writing poems, and I was bored with vine branches and drinking wine.
The pleasures gradually fade away and the body grows old. From now on, I will lose the scenery. "Miscellaneous Songs and Songs·Five Interpretations of City Building Songs" Era: Tang Dynasty Author: Yuan Zhen Every year, he was forced to forge soldiers.
Since Maodun was strong, officials built Zhelu City. You need to work hard to build a city. The city is high and can hide thieves.
But I am afraid that there are many routes for thieves, and there is no city to cover them. Dingkou passed down from father to son, don't ask whether the city is strong or not.
Pingcheng was besieged by captives, and the Han Dynasty defeated the Jin city wall. Because the captives asked for peace, many captives came and rode.
Half-doubt and half-belief, building a city is still craggy. If you dare to worry about building a city, I am willing to listen to Ding's words.
Please build Honglu Temple and worry about the captives coming out of the customs. "Climbing the Linjiang Post Tower in Jinling" Year: Tang Dynasty Author: Zhang said that the ancient garrison was full of dangers, and there were five beams in the tall buildings.
The roots of the mountain are wrapped around the post road, and the river water soaks the city wall. Parrots nest in the garden trees, and the garden flowers hide the scent of musk.
Suddenly on the river, I remembered being a fisherman. "Su Li Zhubu" Year: Tang Dynasty Author: Zhou He A single tree leans against the pavilion and the crescent moon comes in. There are many mountains locked on all sides of the city wall.
I came here tonight last year and saw the west wind whirling in the nest of magpies. "Inscribed on Qinglong Temple" Year: Tang Dynasty Author: Zhu Qingyu The temple was well positioned to watch the sunset.
The green hills serve as Buddhist pavilions, and the red leaves fill the monks’ corridors. The color of bamboo reaches the ground, and the sound of insects is heard above.
The most pity is that the east side is quiet, because it is close to the Chu city wall. "The First Formation of the Official Residence" Year: Song Dynasty Author: Zhao Shixiu wanted to keep his house close to the city wall, seeking coolness in the summer.
A pond was dug to hold the water, and bamboos were planted to block the setting sun. He has been in office for three years and has nothing to do.
I don’t know how to make up for it, and it’s hard to sit still. 7. Introduction to Xi'an City Wall
An City Wall: Located in the central area of Xi'an, it was built on the basis of the imperial city of Chang'an City in the Tang Dynasty in the early Ming Dynasty. It is rectangular in shape, with a wall height of 12 meters and a base width of 18 meters. , the top width is 15 meters, the east wall is 2590 meters long, the west wall is 2631.2 meters long, the south wall is 3441.6 meters long, the north wall is 3241 meters long, and the total circumference is 11.9 kilometers.
There are four city gates: Changle Gate in the East, Ding Gate in the West, Yongning Gate in the South, and Anyuan Gate in the North. Each gate is composed of an arrow tower and a tower. The existing city wall was built between the seventh and eleventh years of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1374-1378) and has a history of more than 600 years. It is one of the most famous city wall buildings in Chinese history in the late Middle Ages and the most complete ancient city wall building in China.
Long before the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, when Zhu Yuanzhang conquered Huizhou, a hermit named Zhu Sheng told him that he should "build walls high, accumulate grain widely, and slowly become king." Zhu Yuanzhang adopted these suggestions.
After the country was unified, he ordered all prefectures and counties to build cities universally. Zhu Yuanzhang believed that "the mountains and rivers in the world are the only ones that are safe and secure".
It was during this city-building boom that the ancient city wall of Xi'an was expanded on the basis of the old Tang Imperial City, presided over by the governor Pu Ying. After expansion in the Ming Dynasty, the Xi'an City Wall was 12 meters high, 12-14 meters wide at the top, 15-18 meters wide at the bottom, and about 13.7 kilometers in circumference.
An enemy tower was built every 120 meters on the city wall, protruding outside the city wall, with the top level with the city wall. This is specially set up for shooting enemies climbing the city.
Half the distance between the enemy towers is exactly within the effective range of the bow and arrow, making it easy to shoot the attacking enemies from the side. There are 98 enemy towers on the city wall, and enemy towers are built on them.
The ancient weapons of the Xi'an City Wall were backward, and the city gate was the only way in and out. Therefore, it was the focus of defense that the feudal rulers worked hard to build. There are four city gates in the east, west, south and north of Xi'an City, each with three gates: main tower, arrow tower and gate tower.
The gate tower is at the outermost position and functions as a lifting bridge. The archery tower is in the middle. There are square windows on the front and both sides for archery. The main building is at the end and is the main entrance of the city.
The archery tower and the main tower are connected by a wall, called the Wengcheng, where troops are stationed. There is also a horse path in the urn city leading to the top of the city. It goes up slowly and without steps, making it easier for horses to get on and off.
There are 11 horse trails throughout the city. The four corners of the city wall have corner platforms that protrude outside the city.
Except that the southwest corner is round, which may be the original shape of the Tang Imperial City corner, the rest are square. There is a turret on the corner platform that is taller than the enemy tower, indicating the important position here in the war.
There are battlements, also known as crenellated walls, built on the outside of the city wall. There are 5984 crenellations on them, with crenels on them for archery and observation. The inner low wall is called the female wall and has no crenels to prevent soldiers from falling when walking back and forth.
The original Xi'an city wall was completely made of loess rammed in layers. The bottom layer was rammed with a mixture of soil, lime and glutinous rice juice, which was extremely hard. Later, the inner and outer walls and top of the entire city wall were covered with blue bricks.
There is a channel made of blue bricks every 40-60 meters on the top of the city wall for drainage, which plays a very important role in the long-term protection of the ancient city wall of Xi'an. The city is surrounded by a wide and deep river, and there is a suspension bridge opposite the city gate that can be raised and lowered at any time.
Once the suspension bridge was raised, access to and from the city was cut off. 8. Introduction to Xi'an City Wall
Xi'an City Wall, also known as Xi'an Ming City Wall, is one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units and a national AAAA-level scenic spot. The Xi'an City Wall in the broad sense includes the Xi'an Tang City Wall and the Xi'an Ming City Wall, but generally refers to the Xi'an Ming City Wall in the narrow sense. 1The Xi'an Ming City Wall is located in the central area of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. It is the largest and best-preserved ancient city wall in China234. The wall is 18 meters high, 12-14 meters wide at the top, and 15-18 meters wide at the bottom. The outline is a closed rectangle with a circumference of 13.74 kilometers. People inside the city wall are accustomed to call it the ancient city area, covering an area of 11.32 square kilometers. The famous Xi'an Bell and Drum Tower is located in the center of the ancient city area. 5. There are four main gates in the Xi'an City Wall: Changle Gate (East Gate), Yongning Gate (South Gate), Anding Gate (West Gate), and Anyuan Gate (North Gate). These four gates are also the original gates of the ancient city wall. Since the Republic of China, many new gates have been built to facilitate access to the ancient city. So far, there are 18 gates in the Xi'an city wall. On March 4, 1961, the Xi'an City Wall was announced by the State Council as one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units7. It is a national AAAA-level scenic spot.