Education in Dingbian County
The name of primary school began in the county in the 30th year of Guangxu's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1904). In the 8th year of the Republic of China (1919), after the "May 4th" New Culture Movement, the primary school was renamed the National Primary School. The three subjects of Chinese language, arithmetic, and ancient literature are retained, and the new subjects of natural science, general knowledge, and health are opened. In the 18th year of the Republic of China (1929), Dingbian Higher Primary School was renamed as "Dingbian County National Elementary School", and the subjects of the Three People's Principles, English, etc. were added. The schooling duration is called 6 years, but is actually 7 years. The girls' primary schools in Dingbian and Anbian only have junior primary schools. It was founded in the 13th year of the Republic of China (1924) and merged into a boys' school in the 19th year (1930).
After the founding of New China, society became stable, production developed, people's living standards gradually improved, schools gradually increased, and students increased even more. By 1957, there were 67 primary schools with 5,123 students, more than 85% of whom were children of workers and peasants. In 1958, under the "Great Leap Forward" situation, the number of schools increased sharply. By 1959, Dingbian County had 293 private primary schools with 16,096 students. An increase of 9.4 times compared with 1949, and the enrollment rate of school-age children is nearly 80%. There are 551 teachers, an increase of 7.7 times.
After the beginning of the "Cultural Revolution" in 1966, primary schools in Dingbian County were successively affected. In 1976, there were 782 schools in operation, with 28,124 students enrolled and an enrollment rate of 95%. However, it was only in name only and had no real cultural quality. In 1978, the county salt chemical plant and the Handicraft Federation opened 6 primary schools for children. There are 191 students and 7 teachers.
Between 1979 and 1980, the first adjustment was made to the layout of primary schools. The number of primary schools in Dingbian County was adjusted from 646 to 568, and most of them were decentralized to commune (town) management. In 1981, there was a large flow of students in rural areas, and the enrollment rate of school-age children dropped from 91.3% in the previous year to 87.8%. In 1983, the county government formulated a development plan for primary school education in Dingbian County by 1990. Accordingly, Dingbian County primary schools made a second adjustment, merging the senior classes of some brigade primary schools, leaving only 28 township central primary schools and 23 complete primary schools in the counties of Xiangyang, Dongguan, Minzu and Anbian. In this way, we can achieve the purpose of concentrating teachers' strength, concentrating teaching equipment, and improving teaching quality.
In 1985, the county and socialist party and government attached great importance to it, and school-age children were generally mobilized in urban and rural areas to enroll in school. There are 22,988 school-age children in Dingbian County, and 21,997 are enrolled, with an enrollment rate of 95.7%; the enrollment consolidation rate is 91.7%; there are 3,694 fresh graduates, and 3,373 graduates, with a graduation rate of 91.4%; the primary education penetration rate is 84%. In 1989, Yulin Prefecture named Dingbian a "universal education county." The 1990 census showed that the enrollment rate of school-age children in Dingbian County was only 76.2%.
Since the 1990s, with the vigorous development of "universal six" education, social forces have begun to develop schools. Huiyuan Primary School was established earlier, and later, Sunshine Primary School, Yucai Primary School, etc. were established. Dingbian County has only 18 private primary schools and 4 private preschool education schools with 3,259 students and 91 faculty members. Two of them have been accepted by the Education Bureau and issued school licenses. By 2000, Dingbian County had 495 primary schools, 2,035 teaching classes, 3,283 on-the-job teachers in private primary schools, 51,256 students, and an enrollment rate of 97%.
In 2010, Dingbian County *** had 61 primary schools with 21,848 primary school students, and the primary school graduation and enrollment rate was 100%. In the 33rd year of the Republic of China (1944), the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region Government established the Sanbian Public School in Dingbian with a junior high school class for ordinary middle schools, setting a precedent for ordinary middle school education in the county. After the liberation of Dingbian in 1949, the secondary school of Sanbian Public School was transferred to Dingbian County. High school classes were opened in 1958. When there is a junior high school class attached to Sanbian Public School, the academic system lasts for three years, and the subjects include border area construction, Chinese language, mathematics, history and geography, nature, general knowledge, health, music, physical education and labor. Students study cultural and scientific knowledge 24 hours a week, spend more than half of their time participating in labor and social propaganda work, and go to rural areas to engage in literacy during winter and summer vacations. In September 1949, when the middle school attached to Sanbian Public School was transferred to Dingbian, there were 55 students and 3 teachers. By the end of 1949, the number of students had increased to 74, and the number of teachers had increased to 6. Both teachers and students enjoyed supply-based treatment. In 1953, the student supply system was abolished and replaced by people's scholarships. In 1957, the people in Ding and An towns relied on their own efforts to establish two middle schools, which were called private middle schools, increasing the number of middle schools to three. There are 669 students and 33 faculty members. The school has a relatively complete curriculum, and the main task of students is to study cultural courses.
In 1958, taking advantage of the momentum of the "Great Leap Forward", Dingbian County established a high school class with an enrollment of 37 students. At the same time, two new junior high schools were opened in Anbian and Jiyuan. By 1959, during the ten-year period, Dingbian County had a total of 501 junior high school graduates. In 1961, the number of middle schools was downsized, leaving only Ding and An. In 1963, the county designated the middle school as a key middle school. By 1965, more than 250 high school graduates had been sent out, 32 of whom were admitted to college.
In 1966, after the "Cultural Revolution" began, teachers and students from Ding and An middle schools were involved one after another. The schools were suspended, and students went out to conspire to "kill" the society and suspend classes to start a revolution. It was not until the spring of 1968 that he returned to school in compliance with Chairman Mao Zedong's instructions to "resume classes and make revolution." Due to the "Cultural Revolution", junior high school and high school did not enroll students for two years. Junior high school graduates went to the mountains and countryside to jump in and settle down.
In 1968, junior high school classes were established in Jiyuan, Wumaozi, Baiwanzi, Bainijing and other primary schools, which were called Daimao Middle School.
The unified examination was resumed in 1978, and admissions were based on merit. In 1979, 1,341 freshmen were admitted. In 1980, the county implemented the eight-character policy of "adjustment, consolidation, enrichment, and improvement" and canceled the high school classes in 6 middle schools including Hequan, Baiwanzi, Zhangweiwei, and Duiziliang, and the junior high school classes in more than 20 elementary schools. . There are 5 temporary high schools and 30 junior high schools. In 1983, secondary schools were restructured again, and 13 middle schools were planned to be retained, namely Dingzhong and Anzhong as complete middle schools; Dingbian No. 2 Middle School, Menghaizi Middle School, Hequan Middle School, Zhuanjing Middle School, Bainijing Middle School, Zhang Weiwei Middle School, and Yang Middle School. Jing Middle School, Hongliugou Middle School, Baiwanzi Middle School, Duiziliang Middle School and Jiyuan Middle School are junior middle schools. In 1987, the third middle school was opened in the county, with only junior high school classes. In 2000, Dingbian County had 13 junior high schools and 2 high schools, with 10,737 junior high school students and 1,549 high school students; there were 814 public and private middle school teachers.
In 2010, Dingbian County *** had 2 general high schools, 1 complete middle school, 12 junior high schools, 1 nine-year consistent school, 1 vocational middle school, and 1 teacher training school; There are 21,510 students in middle schools and 1,581 students in vocational middle schools; the junior high school graduation enrollment rate is 59.4%.