How to control common diseases and pests of avocado
Avocado, also known as avocado, is a very popular tropical fruit and one of the woody oil tree species. What are the common diseases and insect pests in avocado growth and how to prevent them? Today, Bian Xiao shared with you how to control common diseases and pests of avocado.
How to control common diseases and pests of avocado
Avocado anthracnose
Anthracnose is an important disease of avocado, which mainly harms mature fruits and can also infect leaves, branches, flowers and young fruits. Causes fruit drop and fruit rot, and shortens the shelf life.
Generally, when the fruit is ripe, pathogenic bacteria can invade the pulp, causing dark green dry rot.
Prevention and control methods: remove diseased branches from orchards, cut off diseased leaves and eliminate the source of infection. Postharvest low temperature pretreatment and storage should be carried out as soon as possible. Almost all avocado varieties are sensitive to this pathogen. The key to control is to minimize the occurrence of other fruit diseases (especially cercospora leaf spot) and avoid mechanical damage in fruit transportation.
How to control common diseases and pests of avocado
Avocado scab
The disease does not affect the flavor quality of fruit, but the appearance quality is seriously reduced. In the young fruit period, the disease is serious in cold and humid weather. It can also harm the leaves, and the damaged leaves appear brown spots and the leaves shrink; The sensitivity of different varieties to the disease is quite different.
Prevention and control methods: cut off diseased branches to reduce germs. Spray bordeaux mixture or other copper preparations.
Gray spot disease of avocado
Can harm leaves, stems and fruits. Infected fruit can cause anthracnose infection by forming withered spots on its surface or causing skin cracking. In severe cases, the dead spots merge to form a larger dead spot.
Control method: chemical control is adopted, and copper preparation and azoxystrobin are sprayed on branches and fruits.
How to control common diseases and pests of avocado
Avocado small hole shell fruit rot
Before picking, the symptoms of infected fruits were not obvious, and the diseased spots were small and shallow. Symptoms become obvious during the ripening process after fruit softening. In the early stage, small and irregular brown to red lesions appeared in the pericarp. Because bacteria invade the vascular bundle, brown stripes appear in the pulp when peeling. As a result, the pedicle appears purple-brown irregular lesions. With the fruit ripening, the epidermal lesions gradually become longer, darker and sunken. The fruit shrinks, the brown peel is covered with a layer of grayish brown mycelium and spores, the fruit rots, and the brown pulp and juice flow out, giving off an unpleasant smell.
Prevention and control methods: cut off dead branches and remove dead trees and diseased fruits. Choose sunny weather to pick fruits. Strengthen the nutrition of fruit trees and reduce the occurrence of other diseases.
Avocado stem rot
The pedicel of the fruit comes on first, and there is slight withering around the pedicel. As the fruit matures, pathogenic bacteria invade the fruit, and obvious black rot appears around the fruit pedicle, and the boundary between the diseased and healthy parts is obvious. And gradually spread to the whole fruit surface, bacteria invaded the pulp, causing tissue discoloration, degradation and unpleasant smell, thus reducing fruit quality.
Prevention and control methods: pathogenic bacteria can survive on the host's disease residue. Therefore, it is necessary to clear the source of infection in time to avoid the gathering of sick and disabled people in the park. Watering the lower part of the orchard can prevent bacteria from transferring to higher fruits. Eliminating water stress can reduce infection. Covering trees with film or weeds will accelerate the decay of the sick and disabled. In addition, don't harvest in rainy days.
How to control common diseases and pests of avocado
Phytophthora avocado
Phytophthora can cause fruit rot before and after harvest, and can also cause stem ulcer and rot. Infected fruits often have black round spots near the pedicle, and germs can invade the pulp.
Prevention and treatment methods: cut off the diseased dead branches and withered branches; Clean up the orchard, remove fallen and diseased fruits, and prevent pathogens from being infected again. Cover plants with thick mulch to prevent bacteria from spreading in the soil.
Avocado soot disease
The surfaces of fruits, leaves and stems are covered with a large number of black soot-like hyphae and spores, which grow on the honey dew secreted by wax scale and whitefly.
Control method: The key is to control pests and reduce the production of honeydew. A better method is to use natural enemies for biological control.
The above is an article about how to control common diseases and pests of avocado. I hope I can help you. Early detection and control of pests and diseases of broken jade avocado.