What is the geographical advantage of Shanxi?

Shanxi Province is located in the Loess Plateau in the west of North China, bordering Hebei in the east, Shaanxi in the west, Henan in the south and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the north. The geographical coordinates of Shanxi are 34 36'-40 44' north latitude and110/5'-114 32' east longitude. In the east of Shanxi, there is the majestic Taihang Mountain as a natural barrier, the surging Yellow River as a graben in the west and south, and the foot of the Great Wall in the north. Because there are rivers outside and mountains inside, it has the reputation of "mountains and rivers outside"

Characteristics of geographical environment in Shanxi

First, the terrain is solid. The natural graben of the Yellow River is in the west and south, Taihang Mountain is in the east, and the Great Wall and Gobi Desert are in the north. In terms of high risk, it has been called "the most stubborn" since ancient times.

Second, the products are rich and complete. It has all the resources needed for agricultural production and life, such as grain, cotton, silk, salt, iron, coal, horses, wood and so on. It is precisely "there are horses in the north and salt ponds in the south".

Third, it is in the interactive zone of agricultural production mode and nomadic production mode. There are three modes of agricultural production in China: nomadic in the north, farming in the middle and farming in the south. Shanxi is located in the interactive zone between farming and nomadic production methods.

Fourth, it is in the interactive integration zone of Han nationality and nomadic minorities. Long-term interaction with Huns and Mongols in the north.

Fifth, adjacent to the capital. Before the Tang Dynasty, the capital was mainly in Xi 'an; After the Five Dynasties, the capital was mainly in Beijing. The six ancient capitals are Beijing, Xi, Luoyang, Kaifeng, Nanjing and Hangzhou. Shaanxi lies between Beijing, xi and Luoyang. This political and geographical feature, which is often near the capital, is not available in any other province.

Economic, political and cultural influence

(A) the economic impact

-Casting Shanxi merchants. There are many reasons for the rise of Shanxi merchants, including salt, grain, iron and other resources in Shanxi. At the same time, it is directly related to the border defense situation in the north of Ming Dynasty and the military geographical position of Shanxi. In addition, it is also related to the strong economic complementarity between farming and nomadic peoples.

-Energy and heavy chemical industry base. Because of its rich resources such as coal and iron, it became an energy and heavy chemical base under the planned economy after the founding of the People's Republic of China.

(2) Political influence

-A strong sense of maintaining a high degree of political consistency with the Central Committee. Long-term proximity to the capital and close relationship with the central government.

The security of the capital depends on it. Being close to the capital is particularly important for the safety of the capital. Successive dynasties attached importance to Shanxi's military construction, stationed heavy troops, appointed important officials, and stored food for emergencies, making Shanxi the military center of the dynasty.

-rule the world's major towns, and strengthen the Francisco in troubled times. Shanxi is the only place for nomadic warriors to go south to the Central Plains. When the central government is strong, it is a strategic stronghold to protect the country and defend the country. Once the regime is weak and collapses, generals with heavy power will often take the opportunity to split the country. The separatist regime was established in the Sixteen Countries Period of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In 304 AD, Liu Yuan, a native of Xinxian County, established the Han State in Lishi, which was the earliest political power among the sixteen countries. During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, in 95 1 year, Liu Chong ascended the throne in Taiyuan, and established the Han State, known as the Northern Han in history, which was the only separatist regime in the north. During the Republic of China, Yan Xishan ruled Shanxi for 38 years and was unique among many warlords.

-Good social order. The people are relatively easy to survive and have the characteristics of gentleness and patience, which has not become the birthplace of excessive peasant uprisings in history.

(3) Cultural influence

-Becoming an important birthplace of Chinese civilization. Jinnan region is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, with mild climate and abundant rainfall, which is suitable for crop growth and human life. The loess plateau and the loess alluvial plain have loose soil, so it is easy to remove natural vegetation and cultivate under the condition that the production tools are simple and the iron tools have not been used. It was the most advantageous place in the natural environment at that time. The legendary "Pingyang in Du Yao, Puban in Shundu and Anyi in Duyu" are all in the southwest of Shanxi, which has become the birthplace of the Chinese nation.

-Rich in cultural tourism resources. As an important source of ancient names in China, it has left many rich ancient buildings. Because of the dry climate, they are less damaged by war. Existing ancient buildings before Yuan Dynasty account for more than 70% of the country, and quadrangles in Ming and Qing Dynasties have become important tourism resources.

-The treasure house of folk art, with small mobility, little communication, isolated development of literature and art and distinctive features, has become the cradle of northern China opera, the ocean of folk songs, the hometown of folk dance and rich and colorful folk art..

Characteristics of Sanjin culture

The characteristics of Shanxi's geographical environment determine the characteristics of Sanjin culture in a certain sense.

Mr. Liu summarized the characteristics of Sanjin culture as four, namely, nationality, inclusiveness, regionalism and practicality. Mr. Li summed up two most essential and important characteristics from the aspect of the development of ancient culture in Sanjin: first, the innovative spirit of adapting to the times; Second, an inclusive and open attitude. When combined with other regional cultures, it has permeability and adaptability; Be conservative and closed by the impact of foreign culture.

It can be said that there are two characteristics that have been accompanied by Sanjin culture. One is seeking truth from facts, and the other is being modest. It is precisely because of seeking truth from facts that the Legalists and their thoughts aimed at enriching Qiang Bing rose in Sanjin, and at the same time formed the characteristics of Shanxi people's hard-working quality and stubbornness and conservatism. Because of its openness and openness, there are continuous cultural exchanges between different ethnic groups, and Sanjin culture has a continuous diffusion and influence on surrounding cultural areas.