Gave birth to the most dynamic creatures.
There are about 73,900 species of native plants;
More than 248,400 species of higher plants;
There are about 1 16870 species of invertebrates;
There are about 8774 160 species of arthropods;
There are about 19050 species of saltwater fish;
There are more than 8960 species of reptiles and amphibians;
There are more than 9040 species of birds in the air;
There are more than 4000 kinds of mammals.
With the continuous progress of scientific investigation, scientific exploration and scientific research, new discoveries and new statistical results are bound to be published.
Next, we will introduce some amazing wonders about the ecological performance and life characteristics of life on earth.
plant
Three-layer strange tree: a 400-year-old fruit tree, tall and stout, with lush foliage. Its lower layer bears peaches and pomegranates, its middle layer bears dates, oranges and walnuts, its upper layer bears osmanthus and conifers, and its trunk is chestnut. This tree grows in Shanyang County, Shaanxi Province. In addition, there is a Phoebe bournei tree similar to "one tree with many flowers" in Junshan, Dongting Lake, Hunan Province. Three different leaves and three different flowers grow from three different vines derived from cotton vines, bitter gourd vines and clematis vines. In Gaoping City, Shanxi Province, there is also a similar "Ziziphus jujuba Wang Shu", which is nearly 1000 years old. Its fruit is strange, square, flat and round, and it tastes sour, sweet, bitter and spicy. These are absolutely wonderful sights.
Third-generation trees: 2000-year-old trees, and the third-generation "wood" growing at the top of the crown is a "sun" with lush foliage; The second generation of "wood" growing in the second layer of the crown is the "offspring", and its branches have withered; The first generation of "wood" growing at the bottom of the tree crown is the "elder", which has long died and is in a lodging state. This tree grows in Alishan area of Taiwan Province Province. This is purely a strange phenomenon!
Giant Trees: There are many world-famous redwood trees in Sequoia National Park in California, USA. One of them is called "General Sherman Tree", which is a giant fir with a maximum diameter of 6 meters and a mass of 2,800 tons. It is also called "the world master". These American giant sequoias can reach as high as 100 meters, and they are truly towering trees! They are by far recognized as the largest creatures on earth.
Immortal Tree: There is a Gu Song in California, USA, which is over 4,700 years old. It grows very slowly, only increasing by 2 mm every year, and now it is only more than 9 meters high. The relatively long-lived tree is Cycas australis,1over 2000 years old. The longest-lived tree is ginkgo tree, also called ginkgo tree, which is called "living fossil". The oldest person in ginkgo tree is 16000 years old!
The most special tree: There are many kinds of special trees. For example, the oil palm tree known as the "world oil king" has the highest oil content; Sugar maple in Canada has the highest sugar content; The carrot trees along the Chash River in Rhodesia contain the most alcohol. Gabe tree in India, also known as "blood throat scissors tree", contains the most poison. In addition, there are trees that can discharge, glow, breathe fire and forecast the weather. ...
Let's talk about the contribution of forests first. Many trees make a forest, and dense forests not only beautify the earth's environment, but also play the following ten roles:
(1) "oxygen factory": 1 hectare of forest can absorb nearly 1 ton of carbon dioxide gas every day and emit nearly 0. Inhale 7 tons of oxygen at the same time.
(2) "windbreak barrier": 1 square kilometer forest can protect farmland within 100 square kilometer from wind disaster.
(3) "Water Conservation Reservoir": Improve the water absorption and permeability of the ground and prevent soil erosion. Every 1 mu forest stores 200 cubic meters more water than bare land.
(4) "gas guard post": trees can absorb toxic gases, Cryptomeria fortunei can absorb 48kg sulfur dioxide per kloc-0/mu, and other trees can absorb chlorine gas and nitrogen dioxide gas.
(5) "Agricultural Nanny": Forests can regulate the climate. For example, in the forest, it is about 3℃ lower in summer and 3℃ higher in winter. Cool in summer and warm in winter can keep humidity, increase precipitation and reduce the occurrence of drought.
(6) "big vacuum cleaner": the leaves of trees can absorb dust and play a filtering role. Every 1 hectare of forest can absorb more than 50 tons of dust in 1 year.
(7) "Good epidemic prevention officer": Forest is an expert in sterilization. Every 100 square meter of trees can secrete 2 kilograms of fungicides one day and night, so the number of bacteria in the forest is only 1 /7 in the city.
(8) "Big muffler": A 40-meter-wide forest belt can reduce the noise by more than 10 dB, and the forest is a huge natural muffler.
(9) "Good recorder": Tree rings can reflect natural changes, climatic conditions, earthquakes and volcanic activities.
(10) "raw material base": forests can provide wood raw materials indispensable for industrial production and various agricultural and sideline products.
Flowers are another kind of plants. Many colorful flowers are in full bloom, making Mother Earth more colorful, colorful and fragrant. Among the countless flowers and plants, exotic flowers and herbs are also emerging one after another.
Hypnotic flower: In Tanzania, there is a kind of flower called chrysanthemum. After eating it, the two-ton rhinoceros will fall asleep, and people and small animals will fall asleep as long as they smell it.
Drunk insect flower: In South America, there is a kind of flower called taro, which looks like a bud. Stamens are hidden in a gourd-shaped greenhouse. Insects like to smell it, but the insects that fall on the buds are soon drunk.
Sparkling flower: There is a kind of charged wild flower in Mexico. When someone or an animal touches its petals, it will discharge and make it feel electric shock; The voltage is strongest at noon and disappears at night.
Handshake flower: there is a kind of flower growing in Cameroon, with many stimulating glands on its stem; If stimulated by the outside world, the petals will shrink together, and if someone touches them with their hands, they will "catch" their hands.
Year-old flower: There is a kind of Shandan flower, which blooms in hot summer. Its color is bright and beautiful, and only one flower blooms every year, so just count how many flowers it blooms and you will know the "age" of this Shandandan flower.
Sunflower: As we all know, sunflowers always face the sun. This is because the stem under the disk contains a wonderful "auxin". The auxin in the backlight part is more active than that in the light part, which stimulates cell division and reproduction faster, so that the backlight part always grows first, causing the disk to bend towards the sun. The backlight part rotates with the sun, so the sunflower tray always faces the sun.
Huge mushroom: 1992, scientists discovered a huge mushroom in the forest in northern Michigan, USA, with an area of about 15 hectares (1 hectare = 10000 square meters) and a mass of1000 tons. This ancient creature is about 65438+.
The most special flower: the most hardy flower is Chimonanthus praecox, which blooms most brightly at -20℃; The most heat-resistant flower is called sunflower, also called purslane, which blooms in the hot sun at noon. The longest flowering period is tropical orchid, and its flowers will not rot for 80 days; The flower with the shortest flowering period is called grape flower, and the opening time is only 1 minute; The earliest flower is called snake flower, which opens at around 3 am. The flower that blooms last is called Epiphyllum, which opens around 10 in the afternoon. The most diverse flower is Rosa davurica, with 1.5 million species.
There are medicinal plants among the plants, and there are records of "Fuxi tasting a hundred herbs" and "Shennong tasting a hundred herbs" in historical materials. Edible plant fruit is not only bright in color, but also contains a lot of substances beneficial to human body, which is an indispensable food in human life. Edible plant food is also the main food for human improvement and cultivation.
animal
Animals bring infinite vitality and vigor to the earth. They are not fixed in one place like plants, but run on the ground, swim in the water and fly in the sky, which makes them more energetic. There are many kinds of animals, and anecdotes are even more strange. Here are a few of them.
Wanwa party: It has been reported in TV and newspapers that there is a spectacular Wanwa party in the rice field in front of Guangji Temple in Hengshan, Hunan every winter and spring. They come in droves, arranged and stacked in different shapes. During this period, they lay a large number of eggs, which will last for a few days or more, and then disperse overnight. What a strange scene!
Snake pilgrimage: On the small island of West Fallonia in Greece, every August, thousands of black and white poisonous snakes crawl out of the cracks in the stone and flock to the place where the church is located below the mountain, which will last for about 10 days. Local residents call this animal wonder "the pilgrimage of thousands of snakes".
Bird ventriloquism: Many birds have excellent ventriloquism skills. There is a kind of "multi-tone mockingbird" in America, which has strong imitation ability. It can imitate the cock crow in the morning, the "giggle" sound made by hens when laying eggs, the duck cry, the goose cry, the dog cry and the pig hum, so it is awarded the reputation of "ventriloquist". In addition, there are Indian birds, Australian birds, magpies, ducks, blackbirds and thrush crows. , all have different levels of oral skills. Of course, our common parrots and myna have a higher level of glossology and can imitate human voices.
Whale singing: Whale is born as a bel canto singer, and it will make different sounds such as muttering, growling, exclaiming or whining with the change of surrounding environment. Interestingly, the songs sung by whales are updated every other year and evolve year after year. No matter what new movements and phrases are added to the new music, whales everywhere can sing along, even if the two waters are far apart. Whales actually use songs to locate echoes and identify topographic locations such as seamounts on the sea floor. Whales that have traveled thousands of miles across the ocean have established their own language world by singing. Whales communicate with each other through songs. There are obstacles ahead, reminding everyone to change their itinerary and helping them swim safely. Whale singing may be an unusual way of timing. The speed of sound propagation in air is 340m/s, while the average speed in water is about 1450m/s, which is about four times faster than that in air. Therefore, whales communicate through songs faster than humans living on land. Whales are so far away from each other, through low-frequency singing, whales can communicate across the sea thousands of miles away, tell them how to track them and remind their companions where there is delicious food; Whales use "low-frequency repetitive signal sounds" to communicate. For aquatic organisms, only whales can hear the sound of this frequency, and other fish can't hear it. This allows whales to communicate in a single line with songs, so as not to express mistakes, not to warn predators, and not to reveal their position.
Animal Language: Many animals, whether domestic animals or wild animals, use sounds as language signals, such as dogs barking, wolves barking, Ma Si barking, tigers barking, apes crying and lions roaring. Insects in wild animals also have insect languages, such as crickets, spring cicadas and frogs. In addition, there are some special animal languages, such as the color language of fish, the action language of bees and the smell language of butterflies. As a signal of contact between yourself and your companions.
Champion among birds: the distance champion is the Arctic tern, which lives on the Arctic ice in summer and in the waters near the Antarctic in winter, with a flying distance of more than 10000 km; The speed champion is peregrine falcon, which can reach 394 kilometers per hour; The champion of high-altitude flight is the swan, which can fly over Mount Everest in the Himalayas, flying over 9000 meters. The diving champion is the Abi bird in the Arctic, which can dive to a depth of 80 meters for food. The champion of long-distance running is an ostrich. They live in the African desert and run at a speed of 60 kilometers per hour.
Longevity of Animals: Turtles are the most famous long-lived animals among animals, and generally live to be over 400 years old. A fisherman in South Korea caught a turtle, about 700 years old, which became the longevity of the turtle family. Followed by carp, the oldest is 300 years old; Dog fish can reach 200 years old; The longest-lived mammal is the elephant, which can live to be over 70 years old. Chimpanzees can live to be over 60 years old.
Forest Guardian: Some birds specialize in eating pests on trees, become forest guardians, and are awarded the honor of "forest guardians". For example, swallows can catch more than 400 pests a day and eat more than 7,000 mosquitoes and flies a day; The food of oriole (also known as oriole) is full of moths or moths and other pests, and it can eat more than 1000 a day; Dragonflies can kill more than 800 mosquitoes a day; Nightingales can eat more than 500 mosquitoes in one night; Woodpeckers can kill more than 300 moth larvae a day and are known as "forest surgeons"; Bats can prey on more than 260 mosquitoes in one night; Magpies are called "lucky birds", and their main food is the pest Dendrolimus punctatus; Rhododendron, also known as Rhododendron, is hardworking and eats mainly caterpillars.
Green/Ocean/Turtle
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Caring for Mother Earth
Parrot fish
(Source:)
Caring for Mother Earth