What does the story of the grave keeper tell?
Zhang Zuolin Cemetery looks at Yiwulu Mountain in the north and the Bohai Bay in the south. It is located on a slope in the east of Shisanfeng, and faces Shisanfeng across a stream in the west. Compared with "Marshal Forest" in Fushun, this cemetery seems to have the feeling of being hidden in the deep mountains without being asked. In fact, Yimafang, a small village, is well-known. Otherwise, how could Emperor Qianlong kiss the name of such a small village? What's the strange landscape and geomantic omen in Yimafang Village? After Zhang Zuolin died, why didn't he be buried in the "Marshal Forest" as luxurious as the imperial mausoleum, but in this simple cemetery? I visited the cemetery with these questions.
There are two stone pillars on both sides of the gate of Zhang Zuolin Cemetery. A couplet is engraved on the stone pillars. The couplet reads: Jiazhao Qianqiu opens a post horse; The bottom line is: filial piety and filial piety.
When you walk into the cemetery, you are greeted by two Yong stone tablets, which have the same specifications and the same shape, and are carved with nine eyes. South Yongyong is an imperial tablet given to Zhang Zuolin's mother by Emperor Puyi on November 19, the second year of Xuantong in Qing Dynasty. Yiyong in the north is a tombstone erected by Zhang Zuolin for his mother in November of the fifth year of the Republic of China. The cemetery is surrounded by blue brick walls, which are simple and beautiful. From the garden gate to the grave, there is a 64-meter-long blue brick tunnel with light red kerbs on both sides. The two tombs are all arched by cement. One is the tomb of Mrs. Zhang's mother, Mrs. Wang Tai, and the other is the tomb of Zhang Zuolin and Mrs. Zhao.
Zhang Fulai, a 53-year-old grave keeper, is a villager in Yimafang. He told me that pavilions and stone archways were built in the cemetery, which was quite large, but they were damaged later. Over the years, the government has funded several repairs to the cemetery. His family lives in the cemetery, replacing the late Li Ziyuan. He has been here for four years, and he is responsible for the daily management of the cemetery, and he is very willing to tell visitors about the history of the Republic of China. When I asked him some questions, he talked endlessly.
in p>1912, Zhang Zuolin, who had been appointed as the minister of training outside the customs, wanted to move his ancestral grave in Heishan county, so he entrusted his brother-in-law Wu Yongen to handle it. Wu Yong 'en found seven well-known Feng Shui gentlemen. He started from Shanhaiguan and walked all the way to Yimafang Village at the foot of the "Thirteen Peaks" in Linghai. He saw the beautiful peaks, the gurgling streams and the towering ancient trees in the valley. The overall mountain shape is high on both sides and low in the middle, with two mountains sandwiched by one hill, which represents the emperor's saying. Among the thirteen peaks, there are three mountains called "Monkey Mountain", "Yinshan Mountain" and "Maanshan", and there is a small river at the foot of the mountain. Building a grave here coincides with the ancient people's meanings of "sealing Hou immediately" and "sealing Hou and hanging seals". In addition, this area is also the place frequented by Zhang Zuolin's wandering rivers and lakes in his early years. Zhang has a good impression on this place, and it belongs to his hometown. Therefore, it is Zhang's own wish to choose this place as the ancestral grave. After finding this place, Zhang Zuolin bought 4 hectares of surrounding land and built the Zhangjia graveyard. It is said that Zhang Youcai, the father of Zhang Zuolin, was buried in a wooden cabinet because of his poor family after he was killed because he won money from gambling. After burial, the grave soil was swallowed by the flood, and the coffin was blocked by trees when it went down with the water. The Zhang family called this "a sign of heaven and earth", so they were reburied on the spot. After Zhang Zuolin made his fortune, he thought that this should be said. Therefore, after "the omen has been auspicious", in order to avoid the destruction of Feng Shui, his father's grave was not moved, so Mrs. Wang was buried here alone. In the second year of the Republic of China, Zhang Zuolin moved his mother's bones from Heishan County to be buried here as the main grave, and his wife Zhao (Zhang Xueliang's biological mother) was also moved here. The tomb covers an area of about 15 mu, and there are five or six fruit trees outside the tomb, surrounded by cultivated land. This is probably the reason why Zhang Zuolin moved his ancestral graves to Yimafang Village.
Later, after Zhang Zuolin was promoted from the "King of Northeast China" to be the Grand Marshal of the National Army, Navy and Air Force, he decided to choose a place near Zhangdang in Fushun with beautiful scenery and outstanding terrain. According to the example of the emperor's tomb building when he ascended the throne, he also built a "Marshal Forest".
On June 4th, 1928, Zhang Zuolin was forced to return to Fengtian from Beiping, and was killed by the Japanese in Huanggutun. The coffin was temporarily buried in Zhulin Temple in Dongguan, Shenyang, and was buried after Marshal Lin Xiucheng of Fushun. In the September 18th Incident, the Japanese invaders invaded Shenyang, and Marshal Lin was forced to stop work, so Zhang Zuolin's burial of Marshal Lin ran aground.
On June 3rd, 1937, on the ninth anniversary of Zhang Zuolin's bombing, Zhang Zuolin's former headquarters came forward to offer a "comfort sacrifice" to the dead in Fengtian. Zhang Zuolin's coffin was transported by train from Shenyang to Yangjuanzi Station, and then carried to Yimafang to be buried with his wife Zhao. At that time, Wu Yongen, Zhang Zuolin's brother-in-law, presided over the burial ceremony of Ying Ling at Yimafang. There are twenty or thirty Japanese officers and men, and there are many other staff members, as well as monks, veterans and lamas. There are four wheels under Zhang's coffin. After getting off the bus, the queue from the station to the ground is about a mile long, including elegiac couplets, wreaths, umbrellas for all people, flags for all people, etc. The monk drum music brought by Fengtian, and the monk and drum music from Jinzhou, played together when the coffin stood up from the sheepfold cart, and the scene was spectacular. Every time you pass a village, you must also play, which is mighty and very lively.
After decades of ups and downs in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the War of Liberation, the land reform in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China and the "Cultural Revolution", and at the same time, the land was overgrown with weeds and desolate, and all other buildings collapsed and destroyed except two Yong monuments.
In August, 1984, Jinzhou Municipal People's Government listed Zhang Zuolin as a key cultural relic protection unit, carved a granite sign to stand in the garden, engraved the Weibei "Zhang Zuolin Cemetery", and allocated funds for many times to repair it, making Zhang's cemetery more and more solemn. The news that the Zhang Zuolin Cemetery has been renovated by the local government soon spread to both home and abroad, attracting Zhang's old staff and overseas Zhang's descendants. In recent years, Zhang's descendants and Zhang Xueliang's former staff made a special trip to Yimafang Village, Shishan Town for many times to pay homage to Zhang's cemetery. According to relevant sources, in the 199s, Zhang Xueliang planned to go back to China to visit the grave, but he was unable to make it. Now that Jong has passed away, it will be a lifelong regret to sweep the grave.
After listening to the little-known stories told by the grave keeper, my calm heart vibrated so violently. Although Zhang Zuolin was a fierce man in troubled times, I still admired this "King of Northeast China". During the time when he was called "King" in Northeast China, he quickly built and improved the modern heavy industry system and set up education in Northeast China, which made the industry, agriculture, medical care and modern education in Northeast China far ahead of the whole country at that time. Although he was born as a bandit, he deeply understood the country's righteousness and did not want to betray the country's interests. It is precisely because of Zhang Zuolin's "uncooperative, uncooperative and disobedient" that the Japanese finally created the Huanggutun incident, which killed Zhang Zuolin and Wu Junsheng, another warlord in Northeast China who refused to obey Japan's "constraints", and then launched the "September 18th Incident" that invaded China.
As people say, if Zhang Zuolin or Wu Junsheng didn't die, it would be impossible for the Japanese to occupy the Northeast quickly, and the history of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression in China might be rewritten. Perhaps this is why people come to pay their respects to him!