What food can children with nephritis not eat?
Nephritis is a common renal disease in daily life, and it is also the most common kidney disease. Why do you suffer from nephritis? The following small series will tell you about the causes of nephritis, and the seven foods of nephritis patients must not be touched.
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Causes of nephritis
The cause of nephritis is some blood tumors or colorectal cancer and lung cancer, which may cause nephritis. These tumors may show specific antigens or secrete some factors, leading to the production of antibodies in the body and the formation of immune complexes deposited in the glomerulus.
1. Drug induction: Some autoimmune diseases rarely show nephritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis, but some drugs, such as non-steroidal analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs or gold-containing drugs, can be complicated with glomerulonephritis. As for nephritis caused by vasculitis, the situation is usually serious and needs active treatment.
2. Moisture infiltration is the cause of nephritis: the spleen governs transport and transformation, and it likes dryness and hates dampness. For example, staying in the wetland for a long time or wading in the rain leads to water invasion, or improper diet, too cold, dampness accumulated in the middle, spleen dampness, abnormal health, so that water can not get down, spread over the skin, and form edema. Or damp stagnation leads to heat, damp-heat stagnation of triple energizer, and bladder infusion has no right, which can also cause edema.
3, feel the wind evil: the lung is the body of qi, the outer fur, but also the source of water, the main way of water, the lower bladder meridian. Wind evil attacks from the outside, the guest is in the lung defense, the lung fails to descend, the ventilation is dereliction of duty, the wind inhibits water resistance, and the bladder cannot be pumped, so it is feng shui, overflowing the skin and edema.
4. Infiltration of sore toxin is also the cause of nephritis: skin boils and carbuncle, and pathogenic toxin invades into the spleen and lungs, which inhibits the muscle surface and internal resistance of waterways, and water vapor and pathogenic toxin enter the interior and spread all over the skin, causing edema.
Patients with nephritis should never touch these seven foods.
1, high-salt diet
The edema of chronic nephritis is closely related to blood volume and sodium salt, so it is necessary to limit salt and give a low-salt diet. Daily salt intake should be controlled below 2-4 grams to prevent edema from getting worse, blood volume from increasing and accidents from happening.
2. High-fat food
Patients with nephritis usually have symptoms of hypertension and anemia. If there is a lot of animal fat, it will have a great adverse effect on hypertension and anemia, mainly because animal fat will aggravate arteriosclerosis and inhibit hematopoietic function, so patients with nephritis must eat it carefully.
However, nephritis will weaken without fat intake, so vegetable oil can be used instead in daily life, about 60 grams a day.
3. Foods rich in purine and nitrogen.
In order to reduce the burden on the kidneys, foods that stimulate kidney cells, such as spinach, celery, radish, beans, bean products, sardines, chicken soup, fish soup and broth, should be restricted. Because those foods are high in purine and nitrogen, when the renal function is poor, their metabolites can not be discharged in time, which has a negative impact on renal function.
4. Strong condiment
Strong condiments are bad for kidney function and should be avoided. Because monosodium glutamate will make you thirsty if you eat too much, you should also use less when limiting the amount of water you drink.
5. Foods with high potassium ion content
Patients with nephritis and high creatinine must not eat foods containing potassium ions, such as mushrooms, amaranth, cauliflower, spinach, water spinach, bamboo shoots, tomatoes, carrots, melons, mustard greens, guava, loquat, peaches, Liu Ding, hard persimmons, oranges and Sakyamuni. They shouldn't eat raw vegetables.
Others, such as coffee, strong tea, chicken essence, beef essence, ginseng essence, thick soup, dilute salt soy sauce, salt-free soy sauce, semi-salt, salt substitute and so on, also have high potassium content. When cooking, scalding food in boiling water, taking out soup and frying it in oil can reduce potassium intake.
6. Plant protein
Protein intake should depend on renal function. In order to reduce the burden on the kidney and avoid the accumulation of non-protein nitrogen in the body, patients should have oliguria, edema, hypertension and nitrogen retention. In particular, protein contains a lot of alkaloids, which can aggravate the intermediate metabolism of kidney, so beans and bean products should not be used as nutritional supplements.
Step 7 limit the amount of liquid
Patients with nephritis should limit their fluid intake when their blood pressure is high and edema occurs. The daily intake should be controlled at 1200- 1500ml, including 800ml of water in drinks and dishes. If the edema is serious, the water inflow should be strictly controlled. In the case of urination, you can relax appropriately.
Four Early Symptoms of Nephritis in Children
One of the early symptoms of chronic nephritis in children: eyelid edema
The main causes of early eyelid edema in children with chronic nephritis are: the function of kidney excretion and water regulation is damaged, which increases the water and sodium in children's bodies, and excessive water accumulates in loose tissues in the body, and eyelids are the parts with more loose tissues. Eyelid edema is characterized by obvious when getting up in the morning and relieved after exercise.
The second early symptom of chronic nephritis in children: hematuria
Hematuria can be divided into gross hematuria and microscopic hematuria. Gross hematuria is gross hematuria. The urine color is meat-washing, turbid and red, and some children have bloodshot or blood clots in their urine. Microscopic hematuria can only be found under a microscope, and the number of red blood cells per high magnification field is greater than 1. Hematuria is the most common symptom in most children with chronic nephritis. Of course, there are many reasons for hematuria, and nephritis is just one of them.
The third early symptom of chronic nephritis in children: increased foam in urine
The increase of urine foam, mainly small foam, is interconnected and can not be dispersed for a long time, suggesting that there is protein in the urine of children with high tension. Of course, the accuracy of this symptom is poor. If you don't have certain medical knowledge, it will often be ignored by parents or children. The simplest way is to go to the hospital to check urine and rule out the possibility of proteinuria. Because the earliest change of chronic nephritis is urine.
The fourth symptom of early nephritis in children: those with chronic renal insufficiency above moderate level often have anemia.
Symptoms such as fatigue, dizziness and pallor appear. Anemia patients should pay attention to whether there is chronic renal insufficiency except blood system diseases.
Dietary considerations for children with nephritis
1, it should be a low-protein and low-phosphorus diet.
Low protein and low phosphorus diet can reduce glomerular hypertension, high perfusion and high filtration, and delay glomerular sclerosis and renal function decline. Therefore, the intake of protein in children with chronic nephritis should be appropriate, of which more than 60% should be high-quality protein, such as eggs, dairy products, lean meat and fish. Low-phosphorus foods mainly include lotus root starch, vermicelli, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, egg white, celery, spinach, tomatoes, melons, sugar cane and so on. In addition, the aim of low phosphorus can be achieved by limiting the intake of protein.
You should eat enough carbohydrates.
The intake of protein in children with chronic nephritis is limited, and the heat energy is mainly supplied by carbohydrates, so the sugar in the diet should be appropriately increased to meet the body's demand for heat energy. In addition, sufficient heat energy supply can reduce the consumption of protein, reduce the burden on the kidneys, and make a small amount of protein intake fully used for tissue repair and growth. Foods suitable for patients with chronic nephritis include vermicelli, vermicelli, potatoes, lotus root starch and so on.
3. The intake of sodium salt should be limited.
Patients with chronic nephritis with obvious edema and hypertension should be given a salt-restricted diet. Generally, the intake of sodium salt is required to be 1 ~ 3g per day. Children with chronic nephritis can increase or decrease the dosage according to the doctor's advice. Salted fish and various pickles should be avoided, and the salt content can be gradually increased after the edema subsides; Eat more foods with low sodium content, such as barley, rice, flour, zucchini, eggplant and cucumber.
4. Suitable drinking water
The amount of drinking water is generally not limited, but it should not be too much, especially for children with chronic nephritis accompanied by obvious edema and oliguria. We must pay attention to water intake.
Step 5 supplement vitamins and iron
Patients with chronic nephritis may have a long course of disease, poor appetite and less food intake, so patients with chronic nephritis should pay attention to eating foods rich in vitamins A, B and C, such as fresh vegetables and fruits, to prevent vitamin deficiency. Patients with chronic nephritis are often accompanied by anemia symptoms, mainly due to the lack of hematopoietic raw materials. Therefore, patients with chronic nephritis should also choose some foods rich in iron, such as pig liver, eggs, tomatoes, red dates, green leafy vegetables, etc., and also pay attention to the supplement of folic acid and vitamin b 12.