Customs and climatic characteristics of Xiaoman solar terms
What are the customs of Xiaoman?
Cheshen
Xiaoman Festival is in early summer, which is also the busiest season for farmers. In the old days, irrigation and drainage with waterwheels was an important event in rural areas, so there were folk activities to worship the car god in many places in Xiaoman solar terms.
Busy harvesting seeds
In the provinces of the Yellow River valley, April of the lunar calendar is the time to harvest wheat and thresh. Autumn rice is sown in the Pearl River basin, and cotton, wheat and soybeans are sown in the northeast. As soon as sorghum grows, weeds must be removed and inferior seedlings must be cut off. The solar term is the time when agriculture is busy.
About three kinds of spirits
"Around Three Souls" is popular in Dali, Yunnan and other places. April 23 to April 25 of the lunar calendar is around Xiaoman solar term, which is called the carnival of Bai nationality.
Climatic characteristics of solar terms in Xiao Man
South China: "Kotoo, full of rivers"
It reflects the climatic characteristics of heavy rain in this area. Generally speaking, if the cold air in the north can penetrate into the southern part of China, and the warm and humid airflow in the south is also strong, it is easy to cause heavy rain or heavy rain in South China. Therefore, the late Xiaoman solar term is often the tense stage of flood control in these areas.
The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River: "Little full, little yellow plum", "Little full, no rain, no awning water"
For the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, if there is less rain at this stage, it may be that the Pacific subtropical high is weak and located in the south, which means that the precipitation in Huangmei season may be less. Therefore, there is a folk proverb: "Small is not enough, and Huangmei is even less; Small full without rain, awn seeds without water. "
The middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River: "The villain is dissatisfied and the wheat is risky."
There is another saying in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River: "Xiaoman is dissatisfied, and wheat is risky." This "one risk" means that wheat has just entered the stage of milk ripening at this time, and it is very vulnerable to dry and hot winds, which leads to insufficient grain filling, grain shrinkage and reduced yield. There are many ways to prevent dry hot wind, such as building shelterbelts and spraying chemicals, which are all very effective measures.
Jiangnan area: "Xiao Man is too busy to know him."
The three cars here refer to waterwheels, oil trucks and silk trucks. At this time, the crops in the farmland need a lot of water, so the farmers are busy turning water on the waterwheel; The harvested rapeseed is also waiting for farmers to mash it and make it into fragrant rapeseed oil; The farm work in the field cannot be delayed.
But the young silkworms at home should also be taken care of carefully. Before and after Xiaoman, silkworms will start to cocoon, and sericulture households are busy reeling silk with a silk cart. "Jia Qinglu" records: "Xiaoman first came here, and the silkworm woman cooked cocoons, treated the reeling of cars, and worked day and night." It can be seen that in ancient times, the solar terms were full, new silk was about to be listed, and the silk market was about to turn prosperous. All silk farmers and silk merchants are full of expectations, waiting for the harvest day to come as soon as possible.
In addition, during the Xiaoman solar term, the Jiangnan area is often densely covered with rivers and lakes. If you are not satisfied, it must be a dry and rainy year. There are many proverbs in this regard. For example, Anhui, Jiangxi and Hubei provinces have the saying that "there is no water to wash dishes"; In Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou and other regions, there is an agricultural proverb, "Little people are dissatisfied, and the field is broken"; There is also a saying in Sichuan province that "the small one can't hold it, but the plow is high." The word "full" here does not mean that the crops are full of particles, but that there is more rain.
Judging from the climate characteristics, from Xiaoman solar term to the next Mang solar term, all parts of the country entered summer one after another, the temperature difference between north and south further narrowed, and precipitation further increased.
Xiaoman diet principle
Xiao Man Ku Chae Yeon
In ancient China, Xiaoman was divided into three stages: "Bitter vegetable show"; Second, waiting for grass to die; When the autumn wheat arrives. " In Zhou Shu, there is a saying called "Bitter vegetable show on a small full day". Nutrition experts say that bitter vegetables contain protein, fat, carbohydrates, various inorganic salts, vitamins and other nutrients, which can clear away heat, cool blood and detoxify, and have a good preventive and therapeutic effect on furuncle, vomiting blood, nosebleeds, constipation and colds.
Xiaoman sees "three delicacies"
Cucumber, garlic, cherry
Chinese medicine believes that cherry is warm, sweet and slightly sour; Entering the spleen and liver meridian has the effects of invigorating the middle energizer, invigorating the spleen and regulating the stomach, expelling wind and removing dampness, whitening, removing wrinkles and removing spots. "The deputy director of the Nutrition Society and the director of the Nutrition Department focus on" tasting "cherries. Cherry can nourish skin, improve immunity, prevent cardiovascular diseases and prevent cancer. Rich in carotene, it helps to maintain normal visual function, promote children's growth and development, maintain the integrity of epithelial cells, and prevent respiratory tract infections and diarrhea.
Xiaoman should eat mulberries in season.
Eating mulberry often can nourish the skin, delay aging, improve eyesight and relieve eye fatigue and dryness; Improve the visual function of cataract and diabetic blindness; Can improve immunity, protect cardiovascular function and prevent arteriosclerosis. It is suitable for anemia, spontaneous sweating, night sweats, premature whitening, blurred vision and nocturnal emission.
Don't eat ginger, it's easy to hurt yin.
In Xiaoman season, due to the obvious characteristics of damp and heat, all foods that affect yin and body fluid and help fire to generate heat should not be eaten more. For example, ginger is warm and dry, which is easy to hurt yin, so it is not suitable for eating more. For patients with excess heat in the body, or suffering from hemorrhoids and hypertension, it is especially necessary to avoid eating; Pomegranate is easy to help fire and produce phlegm, so it is not suitable for eating. Patients with constipation, urethritis and diabetes should not eat more.