What does Sun Yat-sen's name mean?
Zhang studied in Japan when he was young. In Japan, one of his important achievements was "inventing" the name Sun Yat-sen?
To commemorate the Revolution of 1911, we can't help but mention Sun Yat-sen ... In fact, the name Sun Yat-sen is not in Sun Yat-sen's genealogy. There is no Sun Yat-sen in the archives of the Qing court, nor in the archives of the government of the Republic of China, nor in the history of the Kuomintang Party in China. The name Sun Yat-sen has never appeared in all the works left by Sun Yat-sen, and Sun Yat-sen himself has never used the name Sun Yat-sen. The word Sun Yat-sen was caused by Zhang's careless translation. ?
Sun Yat-sen's name in Deming genealogy is Sun Di, which means that his relatives asked the "Northern Emperor" to protect him. After Sun Yat-sen went to school, his name was Sun Wen. From the name of "Wen", it means "Wen carries Tao". Sun Yat-sen believes in Catholicism, and his Christian name is new, which is taken from the words "new, new, new" in the university. Sun Yat-sen lived in exile all the year round. Sun Yat-sen's English name is Sun Rixin. Westerners call Sun Yixian, while English Sun Yixian translates into Chinese as "Sun Yixian". Sun Yat-sen used the name Sun Yixian when he was practicing medicine. ?
The name "Sun Yat-sen" first appeared in the book "The Great Revolutionist" translated by Zhang and published in 1903. ?
Before the publication of this book, Sun Wen raised revolutionary funds in Southeast Asia and America and planned revolutionary activities in Guangzhou Bay, which shocked the Qing court and was blacklisted by the Qing government. In the official documents of the Qing court, everyone made a fuss about its name "Wen", adding three water roots and calling it "". The word "Wen Wen" comes from Biographies of Qu Yuan in Historical Records: "Ann looks at it with her own body, and who is the receiver?" Critics of this article either call it "obscure", "covered with dirt and dust" or "stained". It can be seen that "Wen" is a derogatory term, and it is an insult, attack and abuse of revolutionary leaders by Qing government officials. Therefore, in the minds of ordinary people at that time, "Sun Wen" was the Jiang Yang thief in Guangzhou Bay. So, how to publicize Sun Wen's thought and how to establish the image of Sun Wen? 1897 Sun Yat-sen went into exile in Japan. In order to escape the wanted by the Qing court, he changed his name to Zhongshan Qiao. Zhongshan is the surname of Japan, and the mother of Emperor Meiji is Zhongshan. Sun Yat-sen appreciated Emperor Meiji's measures to promote the Meiji Restoration, so he named him "Zhongshan" in Japan and "Joe" after himself. Sun Yat-sen's friend in Japan is called Dr. Sun Yat-sen to protect Sun. ?
1903, when Zhang was a guest at Wang Peishu's home in Japan, he accidentally found a letter from Zhongshan Bridge to Wang in his study bag. His handwriting is vigorous and unique, so he told the truth to Wang and Wang Peishu: "Zhongshan Bridge" is "Sun Wen". ?
At this time, it happened that the book Thirty-three Years of Falling Flowers Dream written by Japanese friend Miyazaki Yinzang was published in Japan. There is an article about Sun Wen. Zhang translated a passage about this book into Chinese, entitled "The Great Revolutionary". The title of this book is not the great revolutionary Sun Wen, because the Qing government regarded Sun Wen as a "national thief" and a "pirate". The book says, "It's Mr. Zhongshan Bridge". Zhang's negligence translated it into "it's Dr. Sun Yat-sen". Sun Yixian, a great revolutionary, republished it and renamed it Sun Yat-sen, hence the new word Sun Yat-sen?
Zhang's "The Soul of the Yellow Emperor" is the proof: "Mr. Shi (Sun Yat-sen) is published in the chapter, so it is inconvenient to travel. Because the name was changed to "Zhongshan Bridge" and "Zhongshan" as the surname, Gu Wumao rashly put "Zhongshan" under "Sun Yat-sen" and pronounced it "Sun Yat-sen". ?
That is to say, because Sun Wen was wanted by the Qing court, it was inconvenient to travel for the revolution, so he took the Japanese pen name "Zhongshan Bridge" for his own use. Zhang rashly took apart the "Zhongshan Bridge", combined the word "Zhongshan" with Sun Yat-sen's real name, and invented the name "Sun Yat-sen". ?
Sun Yat-sen, a great revolutionary, was published eight years before the Revolution of 1911. In China, few people know about Sun Wen and Sun Yixian. After the publication of The Great Revolutionary Sun Yat-sen, Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary deeds gradually spread all over the country, and Sun Yat-sen's name became a household name. But Sun Wen himself didn't know that the great revolutionary Sun Yat-sen was talking about himself. ?
Later, when Zhang was writing or giving a speech, he was also called Sun Yat-sen. People gradually got used to this name, and they acquiesced. However, Sun Wen himself has never used the name Sun Yat-sen, nor has the name Sun Yat-sen been used in the documents of the Kuomintang and the National Government. The Kuomintang Prime Minister is called Sun Wen, not Sun Yat-sen; The chairman of the Nanjing Provisional Government is Sun Wen, not Sun Yat-sen; The name of the Grand Marshal of Guangdong Revolutionary Government is Sun Wen, not Sun Yat-sen either. No one has ever called Sun Yat-sen in front of him.
After the death of Sun Yat-sen, the Kuomintang and the National Government banned the use of the name Sun Wen, stipulating that it must be called "Prime Minister" and "Father of the Nation". ?
Sun Yat-sen died of liver cancer in March 1925. At that time, when a public sacrifice was held at the national altar in Beijing Central Park, Fan Zhongxiu, commander-in-chief of the Yu Army, specially sent a giant plain flower banner (four or five feet high) with the word "Father of the Nation" written in Chinese, and all the mourners were called "Father of the Nation". ?
After the death of Sun Yat-sen, Wang Jingwei became the chairman of the Kuomintang. The Kuomintang passed a resolution: In the future, the Kuomintang will no longer have a prime minister, and the title of prime minister will always be reserved for Sun Wen. After that, Sun Wen was no longer mentioned in the documents of the Kuomintang and the National Government, and was directly referred to as the "Prime Minister". ?
In the middle of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, on 2 1 March 2 1 day, the Standing Committee of the Kuomintang Central Committee decided to call the Prime Minister of our party the father of our country. According to the resolution of the Standing Committee, the National Government took Dr. Sun Yat-sen as the advocate of the national revolution, set out to create the Republic of China, update the political system, lay a solid foundation for the world, seek international equality, and make great contributions to the world. On April 1 day of the same year, the National Government made it clear that the Prime Minister was the father of the Republic of China. Since then, the documents of the Kuomintang and the national government have pointed directly at the founding fathers and no longer used the title of prime minister. ?
Wang Jingwei's puppet regime in Nanjing also formulated a series of regulations. It is stipulated that "all official documents, educational books, newspapers and periodicals, publications and all words referring to the Prime Minister or Mr. Sun should be renamed as the father of the country". ?
Therefore, in old China, both the history textbooks published by the Nanjing puppet government and the Chongqing government were called "the father of the country", not, of course, Sun Yat-sen.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the * * * production party came to power, and it was obviously inappropriate to call Sun Yat-sen the father of the country or the prime minister. When referring to Sun Yat-sen in formal occasions or documents, People's Republic of China (PRC) Government or China Producers' Party usually uses the title of "revolutionary forerunner" and never calls Sun Yat-sen "father of the country". "Prime Minister" or "Father of the Nation" refers to Dr. Sun Yat-sen without a name. You can't use "revolutionary pioneer" instead of name. Sun Wen's name has long been banned. In the history textbook of the * * * production party, what should be called Sun Wen? History is always written by people, and whoever writes history always adds the author's opinion. After the founding of New China, Zhang was appointed as the curator of central research institute of culture and history, and the history textbook was examined and approved by Zhang. The published history textbook was changed to Sun Yat-sen, which was Zhang's idea and used Zhang's name for Sun. Now, in Taipei, Hong Kong and Macao, there are "Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall" instead of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall. If you want to mention it, you can call it Zhongshan Memorial Hall. ?
The place where the body of the Prime Minister was parked in Biyun Temple in Beijing was originally called "Prime Minister's Memorial Hall", but it was renamed Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall after the * * * production party came to power, not Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall. The central park where Beijing held the national public sacrifice for the Prime Minister was renamed Zhongshan Park, not Zhongshan Park. The place where the body of the Prime Minister is buried in Nanjing is called Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, not Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum. Because there is no such name as Sun Yat-sen in history.