How to design a loft
The English name of the loft is; loft. It refers to the usable area built in the natural layer using the upper space of the house or the herringbone ladder frame. Dark buildings that are less than the area of the floor will not be counted as floors. The attic, that is, the building compartment, is a secondary structure. It has the following methods:
1: The steel structure is covered with wooden laminated timber, pine, large core board, and bamboo glue board. My understanding of several types of boards; laminated materials are not suitable for deformation and the standard size and cost are slightly higher than other boards; pine boards are prone to deformation when exposed to moisture; large core boards are not environmentally friendly; bamboo glue boards are also available, but the ones on the market are not too thick to step on. There is a bit of a thumping sound; it is recommended to use laminated materials.
Two: The construction of cast-in-place concrete requires the wall to have sufficient load-bearing capacity because its dead weight is very large. It is generally used in public places and is rarely used in households. Many secondary structures are not load-bearing at all. It is recommended to use steel structures so that columns are used for support at locations that are not load-bearing walls, which is stronger. ?
Three: Most owners now use steel-concrete combination (steel structure is laid with steel plates and concrete is made). Features: Good sound insulation effect;
Design instructions:
1. This structural design is based on light steel structure design and complies with the national light steel structure design specifications. ?
2. The main beam of the steel structure adopts (12#, 14#, 16#,,,,) I-beam. The main beam and embedded parts are fully welded at 360 degrees, and anchor bolts are used to connect and reinforce the wall. After the main body of the steel structure is completed, apply anti-rust paint twice. The main beam is made of floating steel plates, and the upper part is made of 8# rebar and 6# wire rods to form high-strength mesh ties. The internal filled ceramsite concrete floats 5 cm. ?
3. Based on this structure, the seismic coefficient is calculated to be 8 degrees, and the service life is more than 70 years. ?
4. ?Steel structure design and construction specifications: (GBJ50017-2003)
Steel structure high-strength bolt connection construction specifications: (JCJ82-19)?
Main load: High-strength bolts can bear pressure: 3.5 tons/bolt (diameter: ?12mm?)?
Active load: 0.15N/㎡. ?
5. According to the design specifications of steel structures, the fire resistance limit in this design scheme ranges from 450℃ to 650℃, and the limit time is about 60 minutes. Exceeding the limit will cause the structure to collapse. Damage affecting normal use. ?
Steel structure construction plan?
1. Main materials: (12#, 14#, 16#...) I-beam, 10# rebar, 6# plate Strips, floor decking, 16# chemical anchor bolts, special anti-rust coating for steel structures, lightweight ceramsite, cement, etc. ?
2. Process flow: ?
Determination of embedded parts * Determination of actual elevation on site (determination of main beam and secondary beam lengths) * Frame (contact) processing * Main beam fixation *Secondary beam fixation*Slab welding*Steel wire mesh reinforcement*Lightweight ceramsite concrete pouring*Main structure acceptance*Rust removal and anti-rust (fire prevention). ?
3. Construction specifications: ?
1. Determine the embedded parts: first remove the wall covering and expose the embedded parts to determine their specific location and size. The basis for cutting and connecting the main beams. When removing the wall skin, follow the marks on the original wall to avoid unnecessary wall skin falling off. The embedded parts should be in accordance with the design requirements. ?
2. Determination of on-site elevation: Determine the elevation based on the specific location of the embedded parts. If the site elevation is different from the original design, the company's design department must be consulted. Construction can only be carried out after the secondary design plan is determined, and the site elevation must be marked with a horizontal line.