Factory location case analysis
The location problem is a type of problem in combinatorial optimization that has important theoretical significance and extensive practical background. Its essence is to seek a reasonable arrangement of demand completion assignment tasks to obtain optimal results in a certain sense. How to choose a factory site? The following is a case study on factory site selection that I compiled for you. Welcome to read it!
Factory site selection case 1
?November 26, 2007 On the afternoon of the same day, at a press conference held in Beijing on the establishment of a flu vaccine production plant by Sanofi-Aventis in Shenzhen, the Shenzhen Municipal Government and Sanofi-Aventis announced that: in China and France Witnessed by leaders, Sanofi-Aventis signed an agreement with the Shenzhen Municipal Government to establish an influenza vaccine production plant in Shenzhen. This is the largest foreign-invested biopharmaceutical project in China so far, with an investment of RMB 700 million in the first phase.
Regarding the choice to build a factory in Shenzhen, Sanofi-Aventis CEO Lei Fujie said, "This is the company's strategic choice." Shenzhen is one of the most dynamic cities in China. The company has a good history of cooperation with Shenzhen for ten years and has received strong support from Shenzhen, especially Shenzhen's skilled technical workers, good production environment and Shenzhen Municipal Government's support for the project. Factors such as being very interested in and encouraging such high-tech projects to settle in Shenzhen ultimately contributed to the company’s investment in Shenzhen.
Sanofi Pasteur (Sanofi Pasteur is the vaccine division of Sanofi Aventis Group)? Negotiations for the Shenzhen influenza vaccine project lasted three years, and investors had The site has undergone three rounds of assessments. On July 19, 2007, the two parties finally signed a project investment agreement preparation document, confirming that this new vaccine production plant would be located in the Shenzhen National Bio-Industry Base. ? Factory Site Selection Case 2
Sister Qin and her husband *** started a business together. In three years, they grew from a small clothing store to a clothing factory with tens of thousands of people today. ?, recently they wanted to further expand their operations and decided to build a large-scale factory on a piece of land near the original factory. However, out of caution, the couple invited the author to conduct an on-site survey.
When the day of appointment arrived, Sister Qin drove the way to a large open space. The land was covered with green grass, with a large factory area forming a backing on one side and a clear creek on the other. At first glance, the impression of mountains and rivers is good, but after a closer look at the shape of the stream and the topography of the entire land, it suddenly feels bad, because the entire stream forms an "anti-bow" shape. According to Kanyu's point of view, the river in front of the Yangzhai becomes The shape of the bow is like an open bow facing each other, which is a sign of great danger, and as the water near commercial land directly affects the business conditions, the water leaks to the outside of the commercial land. Go, is a veritable place to lose money. After listening to my analysis, Sister Qin said with a look of embarrassment: "Listening to what you said, this land cannot be used for business at all, but before my husband We have already made a verbal commitment to the lease with the village committee responsible for leasing this place. If we go back on our word now because of Feng Shui, it would be unjustifiable. Do you think we can only build factories for first- and second-line production and living quarters for workers here? The original factory area is reserved as an office and finished product packaging room, so business negotiations and production are no longer here? Sister Qin's words fully reflect the unique and versatile businessman, and it seems that this is the most reasonable approach. , but unfortunately from the Feng Shui point of view, this land also has a "disadvantage", that is, due to the limitations of other factory buildings nearby and the shape of the creek, it has become a "triangular land" (Note: refers to the entire terrain like an incomplete Regular triangles), this type of triangular land may not have serious financial worries in Feng Shui, but due to the unstable aura, people who often move here are prone to injuries and disasters. After I rejected the proposed construction plan, Sister Qin repeatedly asked if there was any way to resolve the problem. From her tone, I could tell that she was reluctant to give up this place. The author then proposed a method of resolving the problem by enclosing the three corners of the triangular land with railings to form a green area.
Factory Site Selection Case 3
Aisol (Guangzhou) Packaging Co., Ltd. is the exclusive investment enterprise of Aisol Packaging Group in China. At present, in China, Aisol has offices located in Guangzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone and There are 4 factories in Yonghe District, Hefei Economic and Technological Development Zone, Tianjin Jinnan District and other places. Each company has its own focus in the production field. The Guangzhou Development Zone Branch and the Hefei Branch serve P&G and Unilever respectively, and mainly supply the two major brands. The Guangzhou company and Tianjin branch are supply and production bases open to all customers. At the end of this year, Aisol will establish its fifth factory, Aisol Packaging (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd., as another nationwide production base of Aisol.
The new factory in Suzhou is located in Changshu, Suzhou, with a construction area of about 5,000 square meters. The annual production capacity of the factory in the first phase is expected to reach 160 million yuan. According to Aisol, East China is home to many domestic and foreign first-line daily chemical manufacturers, such as GlaxoSmithKline, Longrich, Unilever, L'Oreal, Beiersdorf, Johnson & Johnson, Pechoin, Shanghai Jahwa, Xiangyi Materia Medica, Hanshu, Proya, etc. The completion of the new factory in Suzhou will help Aisol better serve customers in East China.
In recent years, the trend of using composite hoses in global cosmetics has been very obvious. Composite hoses are known for their diverse sheet materials, exquisite printing, good barrier properties, comprehensive anti-counterfeiting technology, and fully automatic integration. The rapid response and sustainability advantages brought by production are favored by multinational cosmetics customers and leading Chinese national brands. Globally, Aisol has cooperated with many brands such as L'Oreal, Procter & Gamble, Unilever, Beiersdorf, Johnson & Johnson and Henkel in the application of composite tube cosmetics, and for the Chinese market, which has become the world's second largest cosmetics market , Aisol is even more full of expectations. The establishment of the new factory in Suzhou allows Aisol to complete the most important strategic layout of the Chinese cosmetics market. How to choose a factory location
1. Factors to consider when choosing a factory location
1. Choose a factory location in an urban area: This type of factory is suitable for technology- and capital-intensive industries with a small land area. A high-tech industry without noise, air and water pollution. The advantages are: very convenient transportation, good information, easy introduction of talents, low transportation costs, etc. Disadvantages are: high land and labor costs, many restrictions, and easy relocation due to urban planning and other reasons.
2. Factory location selection in the suburbs: This type of factory site has the strongest applicability and has various advantages of a downtown site. It is also suitable for labor-intensive enterprises, and the cost of land and labor is also low. There are relatively few restrictions, making it an ideal factory location.
3. Factory site selection in the countryside: There are many situations for such factory sites, including being far away from the city, docks, train stations, and roads, water supply, and power supply, which should be analyzed separately. This type of factory is suitable for labor-intensive, polluting industries. The advantages are: low land cost, low labor cost, close to raw material production, low quality requirements for workers, and easy recruitment. There are also many disadvantages: high sales and transportation costs, small amount of information, poor traffic conditions, frequent water and power outages, etc.
2. Industrial plant site selection skills
1. Choose a factory site in an urban area
This type of factory is suitable for technology and capital intensive, small land area, and no High-tech industries that reduce noise, air and water pollution. The advantages are: very convenient transportation, good information, easy introduction of talents, low transportation costs, etc. Disadvantages are: high land and labor costs, many restrictions, and easy relocation due to urban planning and other reasons.
2. Choose a factory site in the suburbs
This type of factory site has the strongest applicability and has various advantages of a downtown site. It is also suitable for labor-intensive enterprises and has low land and labor costs. It is also low and has relatively few restrictions, making it an ideal location for factories.
3. Choose a factory site in the countryside.
There are many conditions for such factory sites, including being far away from the city, docks, train stations, and roads, water supply, and power supply. They should be analyzed separately. This type of factory is suitable for labor-intensive, polluting industries.
The advantages are: low land cost, low labor cost, close to raw material production, low quality requirements for workers, and easy recruitment. There are also many disadvantages: high sales and transportation costs, small amount of information, poor traffic conditions, frequent water and power outages, etc.
The advantages and disadvantages of the above analysis are that in terms of geographical location, it does not mean that locations with more disadvantages are not suitable for factory location. This should be determined according to the nature of the factory. For example, there are many advantages in choosing a location in the city center, but if your factory is a labor-intensive enterprise, it is not suitable. It would be more suitable to arrange it outside the city center or in the countryside. Consideration should be given to raw materials, labor supply, marketing, land costs and investment environment. Whether the supply of raw materials is guaranteed, freight rates, whether skilled workers or heavy manual workers needed for production can be recruited, whether market sales are favorable, etc. are all factors that should be considered when selecting a factory location. At the same time, whether you can buy or rent suitable land and factory buildings in a place suitable for your factory, and whether the land price and house price are reasonable are all important conditions that must be considered when selecting a location. Another very important premise is the investment environment (including hard environment and soft environment) where the factory is located. The hard environment mainly refers to whether transportation is convenient, whether electricity demand is guaranteed, and whether water supply, water sources, and sewage discharge can meet the requirements. The soft environment mainly refers to whether the government pays attention to it and provides a relaxed environment. For example, whether there are preferential tax treatment, whether administrative charges have been canceled or reduced, whether there are arbitrary fees and apportionments, whether government agencies are efficient, whether there are bad habits of eating, taking, getting stuck, and asking for money, and of course whether the local folk customs are strong. , the quality of the public security situation, etc.
3. Standard factors for factory location
1. Product sales area and sales volume.
2. The origin of raw materials.
3. The labor force includes men and women, and there are differences in education levels and wage levels.
4. Industrial land includes area, topography, geology, foundation, land price, and land category (land type).
5. Industrial water includes water quantity, water quality, groundwater, river water, industrial water pipes, water supply and sewers.
6. Transportation includes distances from cargo shipping stations, highway entrances and exits, major highways, ports, and airports.
7. Related companies, subcontracted companies, technical levels, etc.
8. Disasters include floods, earthquakes, foundation subsidence, and disaster prevention systems.
9. Meteorology includes typhoon, rainfall, humidity, wind direction and wind speed.
10. The degree of development of regional society, such as other industries, economic planning, regional regulations
11. Local public organizations, administration, regulations, and taxation systems.
12. Labor issues.
13. Public services and public welfare undertakings.