How many graves are there in Kong Lin? Why are there no snakes in Kong Lin cemetery?
Why don't snakes like this taste? The tomb of Confucius is called Kong Lin. In 55 1 year BC, a small life was born in the beautiful and pleasant courtyard of the city of Lu. Master Kong Lun had a child in his later years and was overjoyed. He remembers praying for a child in Niqiu Mountain a year ago. He also saw that the child looks very strange, with the middle of his head low and four sides high, much like a mud hill. He thought that the gods really blessed the Confucius family. To thank God for his gift, he named the child Qiu. Confucius is a descendant of Confucius.
His courtesy title. Although Kong Qiu's birth brought a festive and auspicious atmosphere to Confucius' house, it did not dilute the cold atmosphere in front of Confucius' house, because Kong Qiu's father married Yan Zhizhai at the age of 64, and Yan Zhizhai was only 17, so it was impolite at that time. No one expected that decades later, Kong Qiu became a prominent figure of a famous generation; Hundreds and thousands of years later, Confucius became a holy place because of the birth of Kong Qiu, and Kong Lin became a place of mourning and worship because of Kong Qiu's burial place, becoming a simple, natural and poetic place of interest. Confucius was once named "Dacheng King of Zhixuan", and his burial place can be called a mausoleum. Why is it called "Kong Lin"? The Spring and Autumn Period in which Confucius lived was an era of feudal hegemony and social unrest. Confucius spent his whole life wandering around the world, trying to persuade ambitious feudal lords to make peace with his benevolent policy theory. As a result, everything went wrong and hit a wall everywhere. His ambition to save the country and conquer the world cannot be realized. He can only return to his hometown after he left 14 at the age of 68, and concentrate on sorting out ancient books and recording local history. Although his social theory was ignored by the rulers at that time, his profound knowledge and great personality touched a large number of young people. These young people have followed Confucius all their lives, and although they often get into trouble, they still insist on singing every day. After the death of Confucius in 479 BC, the state of Lu mourned all over the country, and the ruling party personally wrote a eulogy, complaining why God was so unfair that even such an old man refused to stay, leaving him alone to bear huge guilt. However, Zi Gong, a proud disciple of Confucius, thinks that Lu Aigong did not attach importance to Confucius before his death, and it is impolite to recall Confucius' virtue after his death. Following an ancient belief, they came to the teacher's cemetery with exotic flowers and herbs from all directions, and planted them around the tomb raiding army, forming the most primitive Konglin, which was also closely related to the burial custom at that time. With the development of human society, the way to deal with people after death has also evolved and gradually become a major event. In the early days of primitive society, there was no funeral. People are born and die naturally, some are buried at will, and some are just allowed to rot, neither sealing the soil nor eating trees. It was not until the late Spring and Autumn Period that tombs in the form of tombs appeared. According to legend, when Confucius was 3 years old, his father died and was buried in the defensive mountain. His mother never told him where his father was buried for fear that Confucius would go to worship and affect his study. It was not until 17-year-old mother died that Confucius learned his father's burial place from his neighbors. For the convenience of offering sacrifices to parents, Confucius advocated burying parents together and building a mound. Confucius became the first person to seal the grave on his parents' grave. From the late Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period, with the strengthening of the concept of funeral and the development of high-platform rammed earth technology, piling tall tombs on graves has become popular in the Central Plains. Strangely, after Confucius died, it is said that he was still buried and could not afford to leave the grave. Confucius' disciples may be worried about finding the teacher's cemetery, so they all came to Confucius' cemetery with tree species and planted trees around the cemetery as a symbol of the teacher's cemetery. At the same time, many disciples also guard the teacher's grave. For example, Zi Gong, one of the most distinguished disciples of Confucius, was a great diplomat and a wealthy businessman. He built a hut in front of the teacher's grave and kept it for six years. When these disciples guard the tomb, they plant trees every year. In the east of the present Confucius Cemetery, there is a pavilion building called Kaiting, in which an ancient Kaishu is carved on a stone tablet. According to legend, after the death of Confucius, Zigong planted a sapling beside the teacher's grave, and later this bare tree grew into a towering tree. After being burned by thunder in Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty, later generations carved the withered image of this regular script tree on a stone, and built a pavilion to commemorate Confucius' disciples, expressing their thoughts for their teachers by planting trees. Zigong has been guarding the teacher's grave for six years. When he resigned from the tomb of Confucius in tears, he never thought that this teacher would become the "king of great success and metaphysics" in the future. The reason why he insisted on guarding the tomb and planting regular script trees was not only to mourn the teacher, but also to worry that one day, he came all the way to pay homage to the teacher, but he could not find the teacher's grave and had nowhere to pay homage. Indeed, Confucius was lonely for hundreds of years. He lies in the Woods planted by his disciples' descendants, and there will always be only graves, but no graves. It was not until Emperor Huan of the Eastern Han Dynasty that the imperial court built the tomb of Confucius in the official name. Since then, the emperors of all previous dynasties have not sacrificed fields and tombs, and they have been rebuilt and expanded, which has formed the scale of the Confucius Forest, which is now towering with ancient trees and covering the sky. There is also a horse-riding seal on the ground of Confucius' tomb, called "Feng Fengmeng", which is a special and noble form of tomb architecture. We really want to thank Confucius' disciples, who pinned their thoughts on their teachers by planting trees and let our descendants know the burial place of this ancient saint. Confucius has been buried in the jungle for more than 2400 years. The tomb of Confucius is called Kong Lin instead of Kong Ling, which appropriately distinguishes Confucius from those emperors who are proud of their achievements, because he is a unique saint in the history of China. Why is the tomb of Confucius called "Confucius Forest" instead of "Confucius Tomb"? Kong Lin, formerly known as Shenglin, is the graveyard of Confucius and his family. After Confucius died, his disciples buried him in Surabaya in the north of Lucheng. At that time, it was still a "tomb, not a grave" (there was no high soil uplift). During the Qin and Han Dynasties, although tombs were built very high, there were few cemeteries and only a few forest guards. Later, with the improvement of Confucius' status, the scale of Kong Lin became larger and larger. Emperor Huan of the Eastern Han Dynasty lived forever for three years (A.D. 157). Lu Hao repaired the tomb of Confucius Temple, built a sacred gate in front of the tomb, built a vegetarian village in the southeast, and swept several households in Wu primary school. At that time, Kong Lin was "only one hectare". It was not until the Southern and Northern Dynasties that 600 trees were planted. During Song Xuanhe's reign, stone utensils were built in front of Confucius' tomb. From the second year of Shun (A.D. 133 1), Kong specialized in forest walls and built forest gates. In the tenth year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1684), Kong Lin expanded to 3,000 mu. In the eighth year of Yongzheng (A.D. 1730), Kong Lin was overhauled, and 25,300 yuan was spent to repair all kinds of gates and workshops, and special personnel were assigned to guard them. According to statistics, since the Han Dynasty, Kong Lin has rebuilt and increased 13 times, planted trees 5 times and expanded forest land 3 times. The wall around Kong Lin is 7.25 kilometers long, more than 3 meters high and about 5 meters thick, with a total area of 2 square kilometers, much larger than Qufu City.
Is the sage Confucius really buried in the "Confucius Forest" after his death? Confucius is a saint in China and the ancestor of China culture. His theory and thought-"Confucian culture" was worshipped and studied by later generations. In recent years, even some foreign countries have set up "Confucius Institutes" to study Confucian culture. Confucian classics such as The Doctrine of the Mean, The Book of Filial Piety, The Book of History, The Analects of Confucius, etc. They have been deeply studied and studied by several generations, which shows how extensive and profound the influence of Confucian culture is.
After his death, Confucius was buried on the bank of Surabaya in the north of Lucheng, which is now the "Kong Lin" in Qufu, Shandong.
As the old saying goes, "People live for seventy years." One day in April 479 BC, the great disciple Zi Gong came to see the teacher. At this time, 73-year-old Confucius was leaning on the front door with a cane and looking at it from a distance. He said to Zigong, "I think I'm going to die." After that, he led his disciples to choose their own cemetery after death.
Confucius thinks that the geomantic omen in the cemetery is very important, which is directly related to the rise and fall of future generations. So although he was ill, he took the trouble to see several places. After that, he finally chose the Surabaya River in the north of Qufu.
After choosing a cemetery, Confucius died in a few days. According to his last wish, his disciples buried him in a good cemetery before his death, and they all mourned for him for three years. But at that time, the tomb of Confucius was still a "tomb instead of a grave", but it was almost as big as the tomb buried by ordinary people after death, and there was no high soil uplift. Far from what we are talking about now, Confucius Temple and Confucius Forest. It's so big and spectacular.
In fact, since the Eastern Han Dynasty, "Kong Lin" has been greatly built and expanded in all dynasties. During the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, it must have been rebuilt 13 times, including planting trees 5 times and expanding forest land 3 times.
Today, Kong Lin covers an area of more than 3,000 mu and has 7.5 kilometers of forest walls. Now the Fiona Fang area in Kong Lin may be much bigger than Qufu. So every year, people from all over the world go to worship or pay homage to Confucius.
In addition, according to the survey, the Surabaya River in Kong Lin was built by Qin Shihuang. However, Qin Shihuang didn't build this river for the good feng shui of Kong Lin. On the contrary, it is to destroy the geomantic omen of Kong Lin cemetery. Why?
It turned out that Qin Shihuang hated Confucianism. In order to make Confucian books disappear completely, he not only "burned books to bury Confucianism", but also deliberately sent people to destroy the geomantic treasure house of Confucius, the founder of Confucianism. In order to destroy the geomantic omen, he sent someone to dig an artificial river between the tomb of Confucius and the Queli Mansion where Confucius once lived in his hometown, deliberately separating the two places. He believes that in this way, the Confucian school can not develop greatly, saints like Confucius can not appear, and Confucianism will slowly die out.
Who knows, Qin Shihuang probably didn't expect it, but he hit the nail on the head-this river just brought excellent feng shui with mountains behind it and water in front of it, which made the development of Confucianism more and more prosperous.
For this river, Confucius' descendants thought it was the river that Kong Lin lacked in his early years, and Confucius predicted that there would be a holy water river here when he was alive. Therefore, Qin Shihuang's bad idea contributed to the eternal charity-helping the descendants of Confucius complete the last project of Kong Lin Feng Shui. Hehe, this may be the sentence "to err is human".
However, there are many rumors about the real cemetery of Confucius-the place where saints are buried, saying that Confucius will go out for burial after he dies, including four coffins, four burials and four burials. So, where is Confucius buried? I'm afraid no one can tell, so the real Confucius tomb will always be a mystery!
But no matter where Confucius is buried, he is the greatest educator and thinker in China and even in the world. The academic works of a generation of saints are unparalleled, which are worth our in-depth study and research!
What is Kong Lin's success? Strangely, after Confucius died, it was said that he was still buried, but he could not afford to bury the grave. Confucius' disciples may be worried about finding the teacher's cemetery, so they all came to Confucius' cemetery with tree species and planted trees around the cemetery as a symbol of the teacher's cemetery. At the same time, many disciples also guard the teacher's grave. For example, Zi Gong, one of the most distinguished disciples of Confucius, was a great diplomat and a wealthy businessman. He built a hut in front of the teacher's grave and kept it for six years. These disciples planted trees every year when they were guarding the tomb. In the east of the present Confucius Cemetery, there is a pavilion building called Qiting, and the stone tablet in the pavilion is engraved with the words "Zi Gong planted Qi by hand". According to legend, after the death of Confucius, Zigong planted a seedling beside the teacher's grave, and later it grew into a towering tree. After being burned by thunder and fire in Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty, later generations carved the withered image of this regular script tree on a stone, and built a pavilion to commemorate the behavior of Confucius disciples expressing their thoughts for their teachers by planting trees.
Zigong guarded the teacher's tomb for six years. When he said goodbye to the tomb of Confucius with tears in his eyes, he probably never thought that this teacher would become "the king of Dacheng to Xuanzi". His original intention of keeping the tomb and planting regular script trees is not only to mourn the teacher, but also to worry that one day, he will come thousands of miles to mourn the teacher, but he can't find the teacher's grave and there is nowhere to pay homage. In fact, Confucius remained unknown and neglected for hundreds of years after his death. It was not until Emperor Huan of the Eastern Han Dynasty that the imperial court built the tomb of Confucius in the official name. Since then, emperors have continuously rebuilt and expanded the cemetery, and finally formed the now towering ancient trees and lush Confucius Forest. There is also a kind of horse-riding seal on Confucius cemetery, which is called "Horse Seal", which is a special and noble form of tomb architecture.
Confucius' disciples pinned their thoughts on the teacher by planting trees, which made our descendants know the burial place of this ancient saint. Confucius has been buried in the jungle for more than 2400 years. The tomb of Confucius is called Kong Lin instead of Kong Ling, which properly distinguishes Confucius from emperors who are proud of their achievements, because he is, after all, a unique saint in the history of China.
There are three tombs in history, namely "Konglin", "Guanlin" and "Lin Yuan". Why are these three graves called "Lin"? Konglin, formerly known as Zhi, is located at 1.5 km north of Qufu, Jining, Shandong. It is the family tomb of Confucius and his descendants and the longest-lasting family tomb in the world. It is now the largest, longest-lasting and most well-preserved plantation and clan cemetery in China.
"Kong Lin" originally occupied only one hectare. For 2400 years, most descendants of Confucius and members of the Kong family were buried here. Emperors of past dynasties have constantly given sacrifices to fields and tombs, so the area has gradually expanded. In the eighth year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1730), it lasted for three years, with more than 30,000 trees and more than 3,000 mu of people.
According to legend, after the death of Confucius, according to the concept of "keeping thick and burying thin", it is said that there is no grave after burial. Confucius' disciples were worried that they could not find the teacher's cemetery for a long time, so they came to Confucius' cemetery with tree species and planted many trees around the cemetery as a symbol of the teacher's cemetery.
At the same time, many disciples of Confucius also guarded the teacher's grave. For example, Zi Gong, Confucius' most valued disciple, was a brilliant diplomat and wealthy businessman. He built a hut in front of the teacher's grave and guarded it for six years. When these disciples guarded the tomb, they also planted trees every year, which is why they now have the "Konglin".
Guanlin was the first cemetery of Guan Yu, a general of Shu during the Three Kingdoms period. Now it is a national 4A-level tourist attraction and a national key cultural relic protection unit. Guanlin, one of the three "Guanmiao" at home and abroad, is adjacent to the ancient city of Sui and Tang Dynasties in the north, Longmen Grottoes in the south and yi river in the east. Known as the "forest" in Wanqianguan Temple, it is the only ancient classic building in China that integrates tombs, temples and forests.
Guanlin was built in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty and expanded in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. The existing buildings were mainly built in the Ming Dynasty. Guanlin's architectural specifications are built in the form of a palace, and its spatial layout is rigorous and spectacular. There is a stage in front of the temple, and the buildings along the central axis include the gate, the instrument gate, the aisle, the worship hall, the main hall, the second hall, the third hall, the stone archway, the forest monument pavilion and the tomb.
Lin Yuan, also known as "Yuan Shikai's Tomb" and Yuan Gonglin, was built in June of 19 16 and completed in June of 19 18, covering an area of over 90,000 square meters. It is the burial tomb of Yuan Shikai, a famous military and political figure in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, and his wife. The construction of Lin Yuan takes the pattern of imperial tombs of the ming and qing dynasties as the blueprint, adopts the architectural technique of combining Chinese and western styles, takes the classical traditional form of China as the main body, and takes the western architectural style as the blueprint-"Chinese and Western styles". It has a special position in the architectural history of China Mausoleum, and its architectural pattern is basically well preserved because of its recent age.
Why is the tomb of Confucius called "Kong Lin" instead of "Kong Ling"? In the history of China, only those who became emperors can call their graves mausoleums. Confucius was not an emperor, so naturally he could not be called Kong Ling. The tombs of ancient emperors were very particular. The tombs of emperors are much larger than those of ordinary people, and there is a certain sacrificial system. Some tombs are simply a huge underground palace, like the mausoleum of Qin Shihuang, which is extremely luxurious. It is said that gems are the sky and mercury is the river. The difference between this kind of ordinary tomb is very obvious.
Confucius is the founder of the ancient Confucian school in China. The Confucianism founded by Confucius is of great significance to governing the country, maintaining social stability and unity, and stabilizing social order. The Han Dynasty was the first dynasty to govern the country with Confucianism, which lasted for more than 300 years. Therefore, rulers of all ages respected Confucius.
After the death of Confucius in 479 BC, the whole country of Lu was sad. Confucius' disciples buried Confucius according to the custom at that time, but there was no soil in front of or behind Confucius' grave. His student Zi Gong was afraid for a long time, and his disciples couldn't find Confucius' grave. So they planted many regular script trees in front of Confucius' tomb and guarded them for six years. After a long time, these ancient tombs have grown into towering trees. One of the ancient trees grew into a towering tree, so this place was later called Kong Lin.
Later, Confucius was named the king of Dacheng Zhisheng Selected Works. The first official mausoleum for Confucius was built during the reign of Emperor Huan of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Since then, the emperors of all previous dynasties have not sacrificed fields and tombs, and they have been rebuilt and expanded, which has formed the scale of the Confucius Forest, which is now towering with ancient trees and covering the sky. Therefore, this place was later called Kong Lin.
After Confucius died, who kept filial piety in Konglin? Is it Luz? After the death of Confucius, it was Zigong, not Luz, who kept filial piety in Kong Lin.
Zi Gong's name is Duanmu Ci, and the word Zi Gong. Huaxia nationality, a patriot in the late Spring and Autumn Period, is now Hebi City, Henan Province. It is one of the ten most proud students of Confucius, who once called it "Hu Lian's musical instrument". After the death of Confucius, his disciples kept filial piety for three years. Three years later, the disciples left one after another, and only Zi Gong kept vigil for the teacher for six years.
In 480 BC, a court coup took place in Wei. In order to save Wei's powerful minister, Prince Kuai of the former dynasty would be hacked to death and chopped to pieces. Confucius died in April 479 BC 1 1. That is to say, Lutz did not show his filial piety to Confucius the year after his death.
Extended data:
Zigong is famous for its words, and is good at eloquence, which is particularly good. And he is very good at doing things. He served as prime minister of Lu and Wei. He is also good at business. He made a fortune between Cao and Lu, and was the richest man among Confucius disciples. He often supports his teachers with money.
The so-called "Duanmu legacy" is the ethos of honest business left by Zigong, a folk god of wealth. "A gentleman loves money and takes it wisely" refers to Zigong. A genius like Zi Gong can talk, do things and earn money to take care of Confucius, but Confucius is very strange to him. He often scares and scolds him, and always looks cold, as if he doesn't like him at all. Confucius was gentle and considerate to other students, but it was puzzling to pay tribute to Zi.
The relationship between Confucius and Zigong has always been talked about by everyone. Confucius' treatment of his most talented students is actually a different kind of education, because Confucius knows that genius is easy to make people complacent, and it would be the most regrettable thing to destroy Zi Gong's talent because of complacency.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Duanmu Ci