Cultural characteristics of Tunpu culture

Six hundred years of bunkering, six hundred years of stories, six hundred years of history and six hundred years of vicissitudes. Over the years, the Central Plains civilization in Ming and Qing Dynasties has long been a thread-bound book. Back in time, the scenery of Jiangnan 600 years ago was frozen here. Tunpu people in central Guizhou are surprised and shocked by its ancient style and distinctive features. The biggest feature of Tunpu dwellings is that stones are widely used. The residential building is a stone castle, the village is a pure stone city, the tunpu is a whole to defend against the enemy, and the tunpu residential building is every cell that constitutes this whole. It can not only form its own array, but also support neighbors, which not only ensures the privacy and safety of one house and one household, but also maintains the necessary connection between families.

Tunpu architecture takes the stone technology to the extreme. From high to low, it is all white and patchwork. When you walk into Tun Bu Village, you will see stone tiles, stone houses, stone streets, stone walls, stone mills, stone mills, stone nests and stone jars. Tunpu folk house is a stone world.

Residential buildings are quadrangles, which have the characteristics of quadrangles in the south of the Yangtze River and the layout of quadrangles in the east of China, but the most prominent feature is the fully enclosed pattern. Residential buildings are divided into opposite rooms, main rooms and wing rooms. The facing door is in a majestic figure of eight, and the two sides are hooked with huge stones to support the carved door head, which is carved with ornaments such as hanging pillars or masks. The main room is tall and majestic, and many patterns symbolizing good luck are carved on the wooden window lattice and door hairpin. The wing was built near the two sides of the main house, with inverted seats in front and a courtyard in the middle. The courtyard is made of a foot-thick stone, surrounded by leaking holes engraved with "ancient money"

Tunpu residents with stone buildings have a strong military color. The alleys in the village are interconnected and criss-crossed, and the alleys are directly connected with the streets in the village, forming a defense system combining "point, line and surface". On the wall near the alley, there are small windows, which can not only light up, but also form deep gun holes all over the alley. The low stone gate has the military function of "one guard, ten thousand people are not allowed" All these explain the architectural structure and armed thought at that time. There are still many battlements and fortresses in Tun Bu Village. The local opera, commonly known as "dancing to the gods", evolved from a branch of primitive Nuo dance-military Nuo, and prevailed in Tun Bu Village. It is an ancient opera that integrates performance, sacrifice and entertainment. According to "Continued Annals of Anshun", "People in central Guizhou come from other provinces. After the grass has opened, they are more accustomed to ease. After a long period of accumulation, military equipment was gradually abandoned. How can peace be guaranteed for a long time? People who know are worried. Therefore, there is a move to dance with God to practice martial arts, not unfamiliar, and it contains the profound meaning of involving soldiers and agriculture. Anshun has prevailed so far. " Tunpu people use the art of singing, reading, doing and playing to show the historical stories and myths and legends of ancient China, such as Shen Feng, A Struggle between Chu and Han, The History of the Three Kingdoms, Xue Gang's Anti-Tang Dynasty and Zhongjing Biography. The actor wears a simple and exaggerated "facial makeup" on his forehead, that is, a woodcarving mask, a robe, a flag on his back, a skirt wrapped around his waist, and a wooden knife and spear in his hand, singing the original Yiyang tune with only one gong and one drum. Accompanied by one person, the characters change time and space up and down, taking three or five steps as Qian Shan and bamboo whip as iron horse. In the battle of suppression, advancement and opening and closing, the combination of reality and reality, both in form and spirit, produced ancient war scenes in which drums invaded and retreated, thus forming the unique artistic charm of Tunpu local opera, which is called "living fossil" in the history of drama. He has performed in France, Spain, Japan and other countries, causing a sensation and boarding the international elegant hall. Anshun also has more than 300 local opera performance groups, which are important historical and cultural relics.