What is the artistic conception of the Song Dynasty poem "Moon on the West River"?
Xijiang Moon·Huangling Temple
Era: Song Dynasty
Author: Zhang Xiaoxiang - "Xijiang Moon·Huangling Temple"
Content
A boat full of bright moon spreads across a thousand-mile autumn river.
The God of Waves left me to look at the setting sun, arousing fine waves.
The wind will return better tomorrow, so why not sleep in the open today.
The neon clothes played in the Crystal Palace are exactly like those played in the Yueyang Tower.
Translated words:
Selected from "Yuhu Ci". Zhang Xiaoxiang (1132~1170), whose courtesy name was Anguo and whose name was Yuhu Jushi, was from Liyang (now Hexian County, Anhui Province).
Nishang: namely "Nishang Yuyi Song", a famous music and dance piece in the Tang Dynasty.
Night: Night
Wave God: Water God
Scale: Describes ripples as fine as fish scales
Crystal Palace: The legendary palace
Wind return: refers to the wind direction turning to the favorable direction
"Zhunyu" sentence: It means that you can definitely enjoy the scenery of lakes and mountains on the Yueyang Tower. Yueyang Tower is located on the west gate of Yueyang City, Hunan, facing Dongting Lake
Translation:
A boat full of autumn colors is sailing on the vast and flat river. It was as if the water god had invited me to admire the setting sun, and the gentle breeze stirred up the sparkling waves, creating ripples of light. It would be best if the wind direction changes tomorrow and we can set sail. It doesn't matter if we sleep in the open tonight. When you board the Yueyang Tower and play neon music, it feels like the Crystal Palace.
Appreciation:
In the autumn and August of the fourth year of Emperor Xiaozong's reign in the Song Dynasty (1168), Zhang Xiaoxiang left Changsha, Hunan, and arrived in Jingzhou, Hubei (today's Jiangling) to take up a post. This poem was written by him on his way to office. The title of the poem is "Under the three peaks that block the wind". The words and sentences are also slightly different. He said in a letter to his friend Huang Zimo: "I have been away from Changsha for ten days, and I am still under the Huangling Temple. Bo Chenfeng is also good at playing." Huangling Temple is located in Huangling Mountain in the north of Xiangyin County, Hunan. According to legend, there are temples on the mountain for Shun's two concubines, Ehuang and Nuying, so it is called Huangling Temple. It can be seen that Xiaoxiang was blocked by wind and waves on his way to his appointment. However, his intention was not to depict the surging waves in a positive way, but to focus on the "good play" of Bochen Fengbo. Therefore, the poet put a strong subjective imagination into the poem.
"A boat full of bright moon spreads across the Qiujiang River for thousands of miles." Two sentences describe the scenery of the boat traveling along the Xiangjiang River. Only "A Boat with Bright Moon" and "A Thousand Miles of Autumn River" are mentioned. Other things that are worth taking in the beautiful scenery and comforting during the journey will be detailed below. The following turns to the evening blocking wind situation. The two sentences "The God of Waves left me to look at the setting sun, arousing fine waves", lead to a state of subjective hallucination from self-imagination. The poet did not talk about the actual situation that his boat was blocked by strong winds and could not sail. Instead, he expressed the image of his hallucination. The water god warmly invited him to enjoy the beautiful sunset scenery. The water surface reflected by the sunset flashed with ripples like fish scales. This romantic technique harmoniously depicts reality and imagination, hallucination psychology and changes in time and space on a picture, making people feel like illusion and reality, thereby enhancing the artistic charm of Ci.
The next film uses scenes to express emotions. "The wind will return better tomorrow, so why not sleep in the open today." The poet's mood at the moment when facing the situation of boating in the wind, is just like what Su Shi wrote in "Ding Fengbo": "Who is afraid? You can live your whole life in the misty rain." . But deep down in his heart he still longed for the wind to change. If the wind turns favorable tomorrow, I will feel comfortable sleeping by the river today.
It ends with the two sentences "The neon clothes played in the Crystal Palace are exactly the same as those played in the Yueyang Tower", which is unique and interesting. "Neon Shang", also known as "Neon Shang Yuyi Song", is a popular song and dance song in the Tang Dynasty. "Yueyang Tower" is located in the west of Yueyang City, Hunan Province, facing Dongting Lake. The first sentence here writes about the sound of waves in the river, just like the water house playing beautiful and sweet music. This vivid metaphor shows the poet's unique imagination. The latter sentence expresses his inner wish. When the boat reaches Yueyang, he must climb the tower and overlook the majestic natural scenery of Dongting Lake.
Zhang Xiaoxiang’s life is full of talents and talents. If we say that in "Niannujiao".
The poem "Crossing the Dongting" contains the heroic momentum of "sucking in the river, drinking and fighting, and there are all the guests", which made Wei Liaowen of the Southern Song Dynasty fall in love with it, and praised this poem as "the most extraordinary in concentration" (see Volume 2 of "Heshan Inscriptions and Postscripts"). The strong subjective emotion and fantastic artistic imagination in this poem also reveal his outstanding talent and unique style of writing.
Zhang Xiaoxiang learned about Tanzhou (today's Changsha City, Hunan) in the third year of Qiandao of Emperor Xiaozong of Song Dynasty (1167). After changing his official position, he left Hunan and went north by boat. He passed by Huangling Mountain by the Dongting Lake and was blocked by the wind, so he wrote this poem. "Ci of Sixty Famous Writers of the Song Dynasty" is titled "Huangling Temple", and some sentences are slightly different.
The first part describes what I saw and felt when the boat was blocked by the wind and stopped at the foot of Zhoushan Mountain.
"A boat full of autumn colors spreads across the lake for ten miles." The first two sentences describe the scenery before the wind blows. "A Boat of Autumn Colors" is written by the author's feelings, outlining the characteristics of the season and attracting people's imagination. It can be imagined that at this time, the surrounding mountains are rich and green, everything is full of vitality, the blooming flowers are gorgeous, and the fruits are abundant; "Ten Miles of Lake Lights" "Write that the lake is broad and open. These two couplets use "full" and "tiled" to oppose each other, painting the lake and mountains together. The first sentence says that the beautiful autumn scenery can be seen; the second sentence says that the lake is stable when there is no wind, and it can be seen from a distance. , as if "tiled" there. The scenery of water, light and mountains complement each other, making people on board feel relaxed and happy, and have endless fun. These two sentences are purely describing the scene, and the author's joy is all in it, which is the so-called sentiment in the scene.
The two sentences "God of Waves" say that the God of Water deliberately kept me watching the beautiful scenery of the setting sun, making ripples like fish scales. This is written about the scenery on the lake when the weather suddenly changes and the breeze begins, which is also a precursor to the change. Experienced boatmen must anchor and stop the boat and take emergency measures, because after the glow of the glow and the "small waves", there will be the "emptying of the turbid waves" and "the collapse of the rafters" described by Fan Zhongyan in "The Story of Yueyang Tower". "The bad weather. These two sentences describe the scene of the ship being blocked by the wind and being forced to berth in a humorous way, which reflects the author's very relaxed mood at this time. The use of "setting sun" indicates that it is evening, and the use of "thin waves" to indicate weather changes and the wind is blowing are all wonderful strokes.
The next part describes the author's inner activities after the boat stopped. "The wind will turn better tomorrow", he wrote about his expectation that the wind direction would turn around, the weather would get better, and he would be able to start the journey in time. "What's wrong with sleeping in the open tonight?" "What's wrong" is like "What does it matter?" In fact, it is a helpless statement, but it also shows his broad-mindedness when he "sleeps out" under unavoidable circumstances. "Crystal Palace Plays Colorful Clothes", "Crystal Palace" is commonly known as "Dragon Palace"; "Nishang" is the name of a large-scale song and dance song. When the author heard the sound of waves, a strange imagination arose spontaneously, and he compared the sound of water to the music of the Dragon Palace. Since the Dragon Palace is playing festive music, the weather will definitely be good tomorrow, and the ship will move forward normally. "It is expected to be on the Yueyang Tower." The last sentence imagines that tomorrow we will be able to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Dongting Lake from the Yueyang Tower.
This poem describes the scene when the ship is blocked by the wind. It describes the scenery, lyricism, and even the imagination of "tomorrow". The writing is relaxed and there is no trace of depression. The language of the whole poem is simple and the artistic conception is elegant. When reading, one can only feel the author's infinite love for the mountains and rivers, but he does not feel the trouble of the boat being blocked by headwinds. This is the characteristic of this poem and the author's unique conception.