How to correctly evaluate historical figures?

1, specific historical background

Background is a big stage for the activities of historical figures, and we can learn and evaluate from the historical background of the figures.

2. Determine the evaluation criteria?

We can't treat a person's activities or behaviors emotionally, nor can we just consider them from a moral point of view. It depends on whether it is conducive to the development of productive forces, social progress and national unity.

3. Prevent generalizations.

The evaluation of characters should be divided into two parts, comprehensive and objective, not subjective. We should consider the class and era of historical figures.

4. Overcome the heroic historical view

Successful people in history are made by the times, and at the same time, we should admit that the personality characteristics of characters have a certain influence on things.

5, according to the material evaluation?

According to the effective information provided by specific materials, we should overcome the mindset and comprehensively analyze the material viewpoints and related knowledge of teaching materials.

6. Based on historical facts?

The evaluation of historical figures must be based on historical facts and must not be subjective and groundless. That is, to evaluate historical figures on the basis of possessing a large number of historical materials.

Extended data

Five principles for evaluating historical figures:

1, class principle

In short, it is the principle of class analysis. As a historical materialist, there should be no doubt about applying the principle of class analysis in historical research. Even now, this effective principle should be applied. At present, it is not a question of using it, but a question of how to use it.

2. Historical principles?

This is an indispensable but often misused principle. The historical principle is to look at and evaluate historical figures from the perspective of time and place. What a historical figure has done cannot surpass his time.

We can't ask too much of them. There are two tendencies here. One is to modernize historical figures and give them many modern colors.

3. The principle of big festivals

Gold is not enough, no one is perfect. Great men in history cannot be perfect. Great men are often not saints. Great men also have a mortal side, secular desires and joys and sorrows. Therefore, great men are bound to make mistakes and make mistakes. Some of these are intentional and some are forced.

4. Win-win principle

China is a great multi-ethnic country with a long history. In the historical process of her formation, there are many historical phenomena of "a country within a country" on the present map. This is what is often said in history: long-term separation will be combined, and long-term separation will be separated.

5. Two principles

The evaluation of historical figures should be based on two points, not one. If we evaluate Zeng Guofan, there is this problem. Zeng Guofan severely suppressed the peasant uprising in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. As a result, for decades, he was designated as an executioner, traitor and defender, and became a negative example in history.

reference data

People's Network —— The Distinctive Features of Chen Yun's View of Party History and Its Contemporary Value