Why is it not good to raise gardenias at home?
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis (Gardenia jasminoides Ellis)
Gardenia Jasminoides, also known as gardenia, belongs to Gentiana of Rubiaceae. Mainly distributed in Sichuan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan, Fujian, Taiwan Province, Hunan and other places. Like warm and humid, like sunshine, cold-resistant, semi-cloudy, afraid of stagnant water, loose, fertile, acidic sandy loam, leaves easy to yellow, native to China. Belonging to Rubiaceae, it is an evergreen shrub with lush foliage, evergreen leaves and fragrant flowers. It is an important garden ornamental plant. Besides ornamental, its flowers, fruits, leaves and roots can all be used as medicine, which has the effects of purging fire, removing annoyance, clearing away heat and diuresis, cooling blood and detoxifying. Leaves opposite or 3 leaves, leaves obovate, leathery, green and shiny. Berries are oval, yellow or orange. I like a well-lit and well-ventilated environment, but I don't want to be exposed to strong light. It should be planted in loose and fertile acid soil with good drainage. It can be propagated by cutting, layering, dividing plants or sowing. Flowers can be used as the spice of tea, and fruits can diminish inflammation and dispel heat.
Cultivation methods and precautions of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis;
1. Choose a suitable pot soil: Gardenia is an acid-loving flower, and the suitable pH value is 5 to 6. If the soil acidity is not suitable, it will get twice the result with half the effort in future management. The cultivation soil can be humus soil, peat soil or sawdust made of half garden soil, without using old wall soil and cinder. It is more convenient and practical to use the soil of Clivia on the market.
2. Scientific watering: Gardenia likes moist soil, and the air humidity is high. Keep the basin soil moist during the growth period from April to September. When the soil surface is dry, water it, and spray water on the leaves with a watering can at night. If it withers after drying, it is not good for growth. It grows too vigorously, and the internodes are long. Don't water it at night, and then water it when the sun comes out in the morning. In the northern alkaline water area, tap water should be put for two days before use. Every three to five days, leaves can be wetted with 0.5g citric acid and 1g ferrous sulfate per liter.
3. Rational fertilization: Gardenia likes fertilizer. 3% decomposed cake fertilizer can be added to the culture soil as base fertilizer. During the growing season, cake fertilizer and alum fertilizer water made of ferrous sulfate retting are poured once a week, or 0. 1% humic acid total nutrient organic liquid fertilizer is used. Pouring 0. 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution 1 time or twice in bud stage can make the flowers plump and fragrant. When the temperature is above 35℃ in summer and below 15℃ in autumn, fertilization should be stopped.
4, more sunshine: Gardenia likes light and can grow for a long time in semi-shade, but the branches are longer and the flowers are less. In addition to the strong light at noon in July and August and the winter dormancy period, it is generally necessary to maintain it in the sun to flourish.
5. Good dormancy in winter: Gardenia can survive the winter in the open field in Qinling Mountain area of China, but the root system of potted Gardenia will be damaged after severe winter, and it will recover slowly in spring. Overwintering indoors with heating is not freezing, but insufficient light and thin growth. Most of the buds formed in autumn will fall off and bloom later the next year. A better way is to put potted flowers in a cold room at about 5℃ to make them dormant, or to wrap flowerpots with thermal insulation materials such as foam plastics to protect their roots and put them in the leeward and sunny places for the winter, so that they can recover quickly in spring and bloom early.
6, timely change the pot soil: small seedlings use small potted plants and gradually change into large pots. When the crown width is 2 to 3 times the diameter of the basin, it is time to change the basin. The growing season can be changed at any time. After the pot is inverted, the soil lump should be planted in a new pot about 5 cm larger than the diameter of the original pot. When the pot is about 28 cm long, generally do not change the pot, only change the soil. It is better to change the soil in March in spring. After watering the pot, cut off part of the old roots, shake off half of the old soil, plant new soil in the pot, water it, put it in a warm and semi-shady place, and keep it in the sun when the new buds sprout.
7. Proper pruning: The seedlings of gardenia grandiflora should be topped at the height of 20 cm on the trunk, leaving 3 ~ 4 branches, and then topped when two pairs of leaves are branched, so as to promote the branches and let them grow in the future. Gardenia doesn't need topping. After flowering every year, gently cut off the inner branches and weak branches, and some branches are short and short. When the crown width of gardenia grandiflora is too large after 4 ~ 5 years, it can be pruned strongly after flowering. Generally, two pairs of leaves are cut off from the upper branches, and the inward buds and the buds at the lower part of the trunk are wiped off after budding, so that the plant shape will become more compact and beautiful. Remember that gardenias can't be cut short in spring, otherwise they won't bloom that year!