What is the origin of the Cold Food Festival?
The Origin of Cold Food Festival
The Cold Food Festival, also known as "No-smoking Festival", "Cold Food Festival" and "Hundred Five Days Festival", is one hundred and five days after the summer calendar and one or two days before Tomb-Sweeping Day. When the first day of the day is a holiday, smoking is forbidden and only cold food is eaten. Cold Food Festival is the only traditional festival of Han nationality named after food customs.
Because cold food is close to Qingming, people can only combine cold food with Qingming through Tomb-Sweeping Day. Before the calendar reform in Tang Ruowang in the early Qing Dynasty, Tomb-Sweeping Day was scheduled for two days after the Cold Food Festival. After the reform of the Tang family, the Cold Food Festival was held the day before Tomb-Sweeping Day. The definition of modern twenty-four solar terms follows the Tang family, so the Cold Food Festival is the day before Tomb-Sweeping Day. After the founding of New China, many regions equated the Cold Food Festival with Tomb-Sweeping Day and celebrated it on the same day. However, in most parts of Shanxi, Tomb-Sweeping Day celebrated the Cold Food Festival the day before; Some places, such as Yushe County, celebrated the Cold Food Festival two days before Tomb-Sweeping Day. Yuanqu County also pays attention to Tomb-Sweeping Day's Cold Food Festival the day before, and the light cold food the day before.
"The child is evasive, and the mountain fire burns me. The four seas have the same cold food, and one person in a thousand years. " The poem "Cold Food Festival" by Lv Xiang, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, tells the origin of "pushing Mianshan to burn us" in the Cold Food Festival. According to legend, this custom originated from pushing mesons to commemorate the state of Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period. At that time, Jie Zitui and Jin Wengong Zhong Er were exiled to other countries, and they cut meat for Wen Gong to satisfy their hunger. After the restoration of Wen Gong, Zi Tui did not seek wealth, so he retired from Mianshan with his mother. Duke Wen burned the mountain for this reason, but Zi refused to go out of the mountain and died with his mother. Duke Wen buried his body in Mianshan, built a shrine and a temple, and ordered him to ban fire and cold when he died as a sign of mourning, which later became a custom. The Spring Festival in China used to be held at the Cold Food Festival.
The custom of eating cold food on Cold Food Festival
Qingtuan: a kind of green cake made of grass head juice, sweet and delicious, soft and waxy, with the aroma of wormwood leaves. Eating dumplings is mainly popular in festivals such as Tomb-Sweeping Day and Cold Food Festival in the south of the Yangtze River, and it is a traditional holiday food of the Han nationality.
Runbing dish: Also known as Runbing dish and Tender Cake dish, it is a kind of spring rolls, which originated in Quanzhou and later became popular in Taiwan Province Province and Fujian Province. Every time in Tomb-Sweeping Day, Quanzhou people have the custom of eating "cake-moistening dishes". It is said that this is the legacy of the ancient Cold Food Festival.
Cold porridge: during the cold food festival, people are not allowed to move fireworks, so it is necessary to prepare cold food such as cereal to commemorate that this cold porridge is a holiday diet handed down from the cold food festival.
Candy: that is, modern caramel, which is a special food of ancient cold food festival. There is no cold food overseas, there is no cold food in spring, there is no cold food in cities, Xiao Sheng blows warm and sells cold weather, porridge and fragrant white apricot flowers ... It is not difficult to see from many cold food poems that mention cold food that there must be cold food in ancient times, but there is no cold food.
Xunzi: a kind of fried pasta, called "cooler" in ancient times, is a cold food festival food. Zongzi has existed since ancient times, and now it is different between the north and the south: the northern Zongzi is mainly wheat flour, generous and free; The southern prickly heat is mainly rice flour, which is exquisite and meticulous.