The Story of Bao Qingtian in Song Dynasty
study hard
Bao Zheng's parents are farmers who farm for a living, and they have high expectations for their children, hoping that they can get ahead. Bao Zheng started studying at the age of five, and finished reading the four books and five classics at the age of thirteen. When he was busy with farm work, he helped his parents to do farm work in the fields. In his spare time, he lived in an ancient temple in the south of the city and buried himself in his studies. What he is most interested in is the Confucian thought of governing the country and securing the country and the deeds of honest officials and virtuous ministers in past dynasties. He often forgets to eat and sleep and never gets tired. After studying hard at the cold window for ten years, he was already a well-read scholar when he took the Jinshi exam at the age of 28.
Primary occupation
Song Renzong Tiansheng five years (A.D. 1027), Bao Zheng was twenty-eight years old, and he was admitted as a scholar. The court appointed him as a "Dali juror", roughly equivalent to the current court juror, with a very low level. Then, he was appointed as the magistrate of Jianchang (now Yongxiu, Jiangxi). Because his parents were too old to go to Jiangxi with him, Bao Zheng had to give up his official position and stay at home to wait on his parents. Later, the court appointed him as an official in Hezhou (now Anhui County) near his hometown, responsible for the management of tax money and food. This time, Bao Zheng went to his post, but because he was really worried about his parents staying at home, he only insisted on going home for a few months.
Determined to be an honest official
After his parents died one after another, Bao Zheng left the countryside and went to Beijing to wait for a new office. He lives in an inn and studies hard in Bao Qingtian at night.
He wrote the only five methods in his life: "pure heart is the foundation, and the right path is the plan." Show dry eventually becomes a building, fine steel don't make a hook. The warehouse is full of mice and birds, and the grass is full of foxes and rabbits. There are teachings in history, and no one is ashamed. The general idea is that a man should be aboveboard, just as Meimu should be the pillar of the house, and fine steel should never be iron. I want to be an honest official worthy of the teachings of history books. You Jing for three years (1036), Bao Zheng was appointed as the magistrate of Tianchang (now Anhui Tianchang). There, he solved a large number of backlog cases fairly and won a good reputation as an honest official.
Edit this Bao Zheng-Career Form.
Tiansheng five years (1027): Dali appraised the affairs, knowing Jianchang County (not going) and supervising the national tax (not going). Six years of Jiayou (106 1 year): once served as assistant minister, third secretary, and Tang emissary of the Ministry of Rites. Seven years of Jiayou (1062): history of rites (died in May).
Refuse Duanzhou inkstone
Soon, Bao Zheng was promoted to Duanzhou (now Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province). Duanzhou produced a kind of inkstone, which was a tribute of the imperial court. Together with tiger skin, Huimo and Xuan paper, it is called the best product in Four Treasures of the Study. As we all know, when I worked in Duanzhou before, I always gave the imperial court several times more than Guangdong inkstone as the capital to bribe Beijing officials. After taking office, Bao Zheng changed his bad habits and never charged more. When he left office, he even handed in the Duan inkstone he usually used in the court. Later, Bao Zheng was promoted and left Duanzhou. His ship was caught in a strange storm in Antelope Canyon. He personally went down to check and found a Guangdong inkstone hidden in the cabin, which was quietly given to him by the locals. Without saying a word, Bao Zheng threw the precious Guangdong inkstone into Jiang Xin. According to folklore, there is a sandbar called "Ink inkstone Sand", which is the relic of Bao Gong throwing Duanyan.
Edit this paragraph with Wei Zhi as the teacher.
In the second year (1050), Bao Zheng was promoted to "Zhang Tian Dave" system and served as an admonition officer. As soon as Bao Zheng took office, he took Wei Zhi, a famous remonstrator in the Tang Dynasty, as his teacher, carefully selected three copies of Wei Zhi's memorial, copied them in small letters and presented them to Song Renzong, hoping that the emperor could learn from them the statue of Bao Zheng.
Learn from experience and lessons. When Bao Zheng was an admonition officer, he made many comments on state affairs, which made the emperor avoid serious mistakes in many major decisions. Bao Zheng once summed up his experience with the word 16: "Disdain the liver and drain the gallbladder, offend your majesty, know no taboos, and avoid resentment and hatred". He wrote three memorials from Wei Zhi to Emperor Taizong, and dedicated them to Song Renzong, as his motto, always be vigilant and concentrate on state affairs. I asked Injong to be humble and trainable, to distinguish right from wrong, not to engage in "preconceptions", but to cherish talents, remove harshness, prohibit punishment, myths and heresies, and not to build at will, and so on, which was adopted and implemented by the court.
Objection, Qin En.
In September of the second year of Emperor Yangdi, the weather cleared up after the flood. Emperor Renzong thought it was a good sign. In addition to holding a grand celebration of heaven and earth in Beijing, he also issued letters to criminals all over the world, raising all civil and military officials to a higher level. This is called "Qin En". Bao Zheng objected to this and told Injong that criminals served their sentences as punishment for their past crimes. How to alleviate these problems after the flood recedes? As for the promotion of officials, it is necessary to assess political achievements. Isn't it unfair to those officials who do have achievements? In this case, who will diligently contribute to the court in the future?
Three bullets Zhang Yaozuo
Zhang Yaozuo is the uncle of Song Renzong's favorite concubine Beauty Zhang. He has no talent, but with the help of Beauty Zhang, his career is thriving. Initially, Zhang Yaozuo was appointed as the "Third Secretary". Bao Zheng strongly opposed it and remonstrated with the emperor, saying that people like Zhang Yaozu were not qualified to be small officials, not to mention such dignitaries as the "Third Division". However, Renzong not only refused to listen to his advice, but also blocked our time in Yao Zhang and Zuo Wei. Bao Zheng is very sad. He continued to remonstrate and insisted on accusing Zhang Yaozuo, but Renzong still turned a deaf ear. The following year, Zhang Yaozuo was appointed as the ambassador of Xuanhui South Hospital. Bao Zheng remonstrated with the emperor for the third time, and even argued with the emperor in court, which finally forced the emperor to remove Zhang Yaozu.
Fall on Zhang.
Zhang, the "three secretaries", used his power to serve public and private interests. Once, a businessman named Liu Baoheng in Tokyo opened a restaurant, which was poorly managed and owed the government wheat, equivalent to more than one million dollars in cash. He can't take it out at the moment. Zhang Fangping ordered Liu Baoheng to sell his property and pay off his debts. At the same time, he took advantage of people's crisis and bought Liu Baoheng's property at a very low price. Bao Zheng was furious when he learned that Zhang, as a court official, used his power to extort money without forgiveness, so he wrote to the emperor and participated in one of Zhang's books. Zhang was fired for this.
Attack Song Qi.
Song Qi is a poet, but a scholar knows nothing. When he was an official in Sichuan, he lived in luxury. Every meal must have at least 36 kinds of dishes, including 12 kinds of meat dishes, 12 kinds of vegetarian dishes and 12 kinds of semi-vegetarian dishes. He also raised 32 maids to fan, beat his back and tap his feet. At the bedside where he stayed, a maid waited all night to take care of his needs at any time. Song Qi is also very lewd. Once a girl with a little beauty is attracted to him, he will do everything possible to treat her as a concubine. He was morally corrupt and scandal-ridden, but he was repeatedly valued by the court. Bao Zheng's Portrait of Bao Zheng
Very dissatisfied, he wrote to the emperor many times, criticized Song Qi's scandal, and finally dismissed him in Song Qi.
Punish Zhang Kejiu severely
Transshipment in Huainan made Zhang Kejiu use his power to sell more than 10,000 kilograms of smuggled salt, which was a very serious crime in the Song Dynasty. After the case was exposed, Zhang Kejiu was sent to Dali Temple for trial. According to the law, the severity of the crime of selling smuggled salt is determined according to the quantity of smuggled salt seized. The more numbers, the heavier the conviction. Zhang Kejiu is very cunning. Every time he sells smuggled salt, although the quantity is large, he changes hands quickly, never leaves the warehouse, and the quantity seized is not much. When Dali Temple was sentenced, there was nothing it could do. Bao Zheng advocated that Zhang Kejiu should be severely sentenced instead of being too rigidly bound by the law. He said that Zhang Kejiu, as a transshipment ambassador, was lawless and openly sold illicit salt. This crime cannot be equated with ordinary people and must be severely punished. At his suggestion, Zhang Kejiu was severely punished and exiled to a distant and desolate place.
Li Shen Yang Ren
When Yang Ren was the magistrate of Fenzhou, he used his authority to let 100 soldiers do private work for him. Yes, weaving camel hair satin for him; Yes, do all kinds of personal chores for him. When his crimes were exposed, he occupied more than 23,600 laborers, equivalent to 1600 pieces of fine silk. According to the laws of the Song Dynasty, this is a very serious crime, which requires not only compensation and a fine of ten Jin of copper, but also banishment to the frontier three thousand miles away. Song Renzong sympathized with Yang Ren's contribution to the imperial court, and with a stroke of a pen, he was exempted from the punishment of being exiled for three thousand miles. In his letter, Bao Zheng argued that a big official like everyone knows the law and breaks the law, so he can't be given a lighter punishment. The emperor had to take back his words.
Qi men Wang kui
Wang Kui is a famous painter. When he became a local official, he ran amok and arbitrarily increased all kinds of exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous fees, and only one of them overcharged 300 thousand yuan. He used the money he collected to bribe Beijing officials for personal gain. His bureaucratic methods are very cruel, killing people at will. When he was appointed as the traffic ambassador of Hunan Road, people fled and hid in caves in deep mountains and forests to avoid persecution. Ordinary people hated him, but he was favored by the court, and his career was booming, and he was even promoted to the higher vocational position of Huainan transshipment ambassador. Bao Zheng pleaded for the people and wrote to the court seven times to recall Wang Kui. Once, he was impassioned in front of the emperor, urging him to be interested, and even accidentally vomited in the emperor's face. Under the constant impeachment of Bao Zheng, Wang Kui was finally dismissed.
Editing this paragraph, law enforcement is like a mountain.
In the second year of Jiayou (1057), Bao Zheng was entrusted with an important task and became the magistrate of Kaifeng, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. Kaifeng magistrate is an extremely important position. In the past, it was usually held by a prince and a minister. This has always been a difficult problem for Beijing officials. On the one hand, the imperial power can interfere in local affairs at will, on the other hand, the royal family and relatives gather here to bully the city and make trouble without reason. During the Northern Song Dynasty 100 years, there were as many as 180 Kaifeng prefects, and the average term of office of each magistrate was only over half a year. During his tenure as Kaifeng magistrate, Bao Zheng was impartial. Although he offended many members of the royal family, no one could do anything about him because he walked straight and sat straight.
Edit this paragraph to severely punish bribery.
Shen Kuo's "Meng Qian Bi Tan" recorded a story about Bao Gong's judgment when he was the magistrate of Kaifeng: when a prisoner went to court, he had to spank him with a stick. He wanted to escape the pain of flesh and blood and bought off an official. The official said, "I made a statement in front of the judge. When you see the magistrate, shout. " On that day, the prisoner was brought before Bao Zheng and cried loudly. The bribed official said, "This prisoner doesn't know good or bad. He can go out with rattan. Why are you yelling? " ? "Bao Zheng took one look and immediately saw the flaw. He released the prisoners and told his men to catch the officials. Under the first trial, the official told the truth. Bao Gong sentenced him to bear the punishment of Roderick instead of the prisoner.
Bao Zheng skillfully accepted the contract text.
One day, Bao Gong accepted a case, and his nephew sued his aunt for contract fraud and refused to admit his nephew. Originally, there was a family in Fang Ding, just outside Xiguan, Tokyo. His brother married Yang. This young man got married for the second time and brought a daughter. He has never had children since he arrived in the Liu family. My younger brother, Liu, married Zhang and gave birth to a son named. When my father settled down at the age of two, he booked a young marriage for his youngest daughter and neighbor President Li. Sister-in-law Yang plans to recruit a son-in-law and divide more property when her daughter grows up. Therefore, Liu An is regarded as an eyesore. There was a severe drought in Tokyo this year, and there was no harvest. The government issued a document expressly asking residents to reduce their mouths and flee to other places. My brother Tian Rui took care of his brother, so he decided to leave his hometown with his wife and children. Tianxiang asked his neighbor, President Li, to write down two contract documents and write all his possessions on them for future testimony. The two brothers each held a copy and shed tears. Tian Rui took his wife and children to Maxia Village, Gaoping County, Luzhou City, Shaanxi Province. The landlord, Mr. and Mrs. Zhang, are generous and rich. Although they have many properties, they have no children. Three-year-old Liu An was adopted as his son because of his fine features and quick learning. Mr. and Mrs. Tian Rui are regarded as brothers and sisters. But soon, Tian Rui and his wife were infected with the epidemic and died one after another a few days later. Tian Rui took out a contract and entrusted his son to Mr. Zhang. In an instant, Liu An lived to be 18 years old. In order to return the remains of his parents to his hometown, he decided to go back to his hometown for resettlement. Mr. Zhang gave him the contract documents. Liu An lives in the capital of song dynasty, Tokyo, and asks all the way to Liu's door, only to see an old woman standing there. The old lady is her aunt Yang. She wanted to monopolize the family wealth, so she defrauded Liu An of the contract documents, but turned against her. Instead, she grabbed a stick and knocked her head off. Neighbor President Li heard the voice and rushed out and asked Liu An to live: "Since the contract was cheated by her, can you still remember what was written on it?" An Zhu recited it word for word. President Li said, "I am your father-in-law, President Li." At present, I have written a complaint to Kaifengfu. Bao Zheng received a complaint, ordered the Liu Tianxiang couple to be arrested and brought to justice, and questioned Liu Tianxiang: "You are the head of the family, why do you only listen to your wife and not recognize your nephew?" Liu Tianxiang replied, "My nephew left home when he was two years old. We haven't seen each other for more than ten years. I really dare not admit the other party rashly, but I can prove it with contract documents. Now he and my wife have agreed that one is good and the other is not good. I can't make up my mind at the moment. " Asked Yang again, Yang insisted that he had never seen the contract. Bao Gong pretended to be angry and said to Anju, "They are heartless, and they have knocked your head off. In the lobby, the official is in charge of you, and you beat them to make your anger disappear! " Liu An stopped crying and said, "Why did my nephew hit my uncle and aunt? The villain is here to recognize relatives and bury his father, not to compete for family property. He must never punish his elders for venting their anger. " Bao Gong understood this to some extent and said to Mr. and Mrs. Liu Tianxiang, "This official understands that this boy is really a liar, which is unreasonable. He will be severely interrogated on another day. " Today, the couple went back first and put Liu An in jail. The next day, Bao Gong asked the official to publicize everywhere: "Liu An has tetanus and will not live for a few days." On the one hand, sending officers to pick up Mr. Zhang in Xinzhou, Shanxi, the truth came out. A few days later, Bao Gong sent a group of people to the court. What Mr. Zhang said is reasonable. Yang clings to him and refuses to recognize his relatives. So Bao Gong sent someone to take Liu An to live in class. Unexpectedly, a messenger came to report: "Liu An was seriously ill and died in prison." Everyone was shocked, except Yang, who was beaming. Bao Gong saw this in his eyes and ordered an autopsy immediately. After a while, a messenger reported: "Liu An was killed, his temple was badly injured, and there were still purple marks around the wound." Bao Gong said, "This is a murder case. Yang, you killed this Liu An residence. If he is your nephew, regardless of seniority, even if he is injured to death, it will only be a lesson for his sons and nephews. Spend some money to atone and avoid death. If he is not your nephew, don't you know' murder for life'? You broke the law, you deserve to die! " It was he who ordered Yang to be taken down and sent to death. At this point, Yang frighten hurriedly admitted that Liu An Zhuang is indeed the nephew of the Liu family. Bao Gong asked, "Since you are your nephew, what evidence do you have?" Yang had to hand over the forged contract documents. When Bao Gong saw it, he sent for Liu An to live in the class. Liu An took the contract documents earned by Bao Gong and even called them "blue sky". Yang knows the trick. Bao Gong decided this case: to commend Liu An's filial piety and Zhang Yuanwei's benevolence and righteousness; Yang should have been a felony and was allowed to pay a fine to make amends; Liu's property was awarded to Liu An for inheritance.
Except for the corrupt officials in Chen Zhou, Bao Zheng.
During the reign of Injong, drought and famine occurred in Chen Zhou. Fan Zhongyan, a senior minister of the household department, went to the temple to play this book and recommended Longtuge and Kaifeng University student Zheng to help the rice. Initially, the imperial court sent two officials to Chen Zhou to deal with disaster relief. These two people are relatives of Liu, one is his son and the other is his son-in-law. They took bribes in Chen Zhou, starved fish, and killed hungry Li Dadan, which made Chen Zhou complain bitterly and made the people miserable. So Fan Zhongyan wanted to protect Bao Zheng and went to Chen Zhou to investigate. Liu's official's son always knew that Bao Zheng was honest and clean, so he called at home in the middle of the night and said hypocritically, "There are many hungry people and fugitives in Chen Zhou, so you should be careful this time." His original intention was to scare Bao Zheng away from going to Chen Zhou. Bao Zheng solemnly replied: "It is our duty to serve the country and solve problems for the people. Why are we afraid? " Liu, the official's son, saw that the persuasion was ineffective, so he changed his tune and said, "My family is going, so I hope to take care of my son and husband." Bao Zheng replied, "I know this very well. Thank you for sending me a message today. If there is anything in the future, I will send someone to give you a message in return. " See the guests off on the spot. Willow official's son didn't get any definite guarantee from Bao Zheng, but he finally got the news at any time. If anything happens, there is still room for manoeuvre, so I thanked him and left. Bao Zheng took the dynasty to Chen Zhou. When he was near the ground of Chen Zhou, Bao Zheng changed his clothes first and ordered the dynasty to come later. Bao Zheng dressed as a villager, mixed with the hungry, and went to the yamen to buy relief rice. I saw Liu's official's son and son-in-law, sitting on the case-solving, urging the officers to cut rice. This is called brown rice, but it is actually exploitation. Adding a lot of sediment to rice raises the price and deducts the weight, which makes the hungry people miserable. Bao Zheng can't take it anymore. He shouted: "As a court official, how dare you poison the people like this? How can there be justice? " Liu's son-in-law was furious when he saw a black-faced hungry man dare to expose his shortcomings in public. "Shut up," he shouted. "There used to be a Li Dadan, and today there is a big black head. I will let you end up in the same situation. " The officers were ordered to hang Bao Zheng from a tree. Just then, the dynasty came with a gold medal and a sword, and two corrupt officials were busy welcoming the imperial envoys. Chao said, "Lord Bao is before me. I wonder where he is now? " The two corrupt officials looked at each other and replied, "Xiaguan has never seen Bao Gong." Wang Chao load, a see Bao Zheng hanging under the tree, he knelt down and untied himself. Two corrupt officials realized that "Blackhead" turned out to be an impartial Bao Zheng's adult, so they respectfully asked Bao Zheng to sit on the case-solving. Bao Zheng clapped his hands and shouted, "You are corrupt and pervert the law, poisoning the hungry people. I not only saw it with my own eyes, but also experienced it personally. What can I say! " Two corrupt officials apologized many times and admitted their mistakes. "Now that you know the crime, write down the accusation!" Two corrupt officials immediately wrote an indictment and signed it. When the hungry people at the scene saw that Bao Zheng was so righteous, they all shouted: "Bao Qingtian!" And Li Dadan's son, a hungry man who was killed by two corrupt officials. At this time, he was furious and led the hungry people to kill two corrupt officials on the spot to vent their anger. Bao Zheng is deeply sympathetic to the behavior of the hungry people, but it is guilty to yell at and kill the officials. He will put Li Dadan's son in prison for the time being, and then deal with it after being sent to the court. Before issuing the memorial, Bao Zheng first asked the Dynasty to send a secret message to the son of official Liu, asking him to change what was happening slightly, saying, "Two officials were found guilty of corruption and were thrown into prison. The hungry people are in a mess and the leader has been executed on the spot. " Liu official's son is worried, happy, hateful and anxious: he is worried that his son-in-law has been convicted; Fortunately, thanks to the early news, the situation can still be saved; What I hate is that hungry people are in trouble; What is urgent is that time is hasty and there is no time to delay. With the emperor's favor, he went into the palace all night to see the coachman, and he was sweet-talking in front of the emperor. The emperor really listened to his slanderous remarks and made an imperial edict: "forgive sins when you are born, but not when you die." In this way, Liu's official's son's wish can be fully realized, which can not only save the son-in-law, but also suppress the hungry people in the crisis. Liu's official's son took the imperial edict and read it out in front of Bao Zheng. Bao Zheng asked on the spot: "Where are the two relief officers?" The officer replied, "Dead." Bao Zheng asked again, "Where is the leader of the hungry people?" The officer replied, "In prison." Bao Zheng pronounced the sentence: "Imperial edict, these two corrupt officials shall be put to death, and they shall not be pardoned; The son of Li Dadan, revenge for his father is a righteous act and should be released. " This sentence made Liu official's son faint on the spot. I can't get sick from now on. After handling the case, Bao Zheng cut rice in Chen Zhou according to law to save the hungry people from dire straits. Rectify the official management and make the society tend to be stable again.
Bao Zheng decided to break the nail case.
Zheng Shen of Kaifeng solved the case generally, but there was one case that made him hesitate for a long time. Mao Qin, a street citizen, died suddenly, and people sued Kaifeng for his bizarre death. Bao Gong summoned Mao's wife, Hua Dong. Although Hua Dong's speech was mournful and coquettish, dressed in mourning and red inside, she was obviously suspected of killing her husband, but she claimed that Zhang Da was "bloated to death". Bao Gong asked, "Did you see a doctor after you suffered from pneumothorax?" Donghua replied: "I was poor first, and I died without asking a doctor." Bao Gong ordered Liao Jie to open the coffin for autopsy. Liao Jie was experienced, but the autopsy results showed that Mao Qin's death was strange, but no traces of murder were found. Turn around and go home. I can't sleep at night. I don't know how to report to the prefect. His wife Ying saw that he was preoccupied and asked, "Have you checked the nose of that corpse?" Liao Jie asked, "What's the use of testing that nose?" A-ying said, "There's a lot to write in that nose. If you nail an apical nail from it and nail it straight to your forehead, it won't leave traces and cause death! " Liao Jie went to re-examine the body overnight in a suspicious way. If he saw two nails in Mao Qin's nose, the truth would come out, so he arrested Hua Dong on a guilty charge. Donghua denied it, but admitted to conspiring with her husband to murder him. Afterwards, Bao Gong asked Liao Jie, "Donghua's modus operandi is very strange. How did you think of checking the nostrils of the body? " Liao Jie replied: "This is the little wife's reminder." Bao Gong said, "Please invite your wife home, and I will reward her face to face." The next day, Liao Jie happily took his wife home to receive the prize. Bao Gong looked at A Ying like an acquaintance for a while and asked, "How many years have you been married to Liao Jie?" Should answer: "We got married halfway, only because my ex-husband suddenly fell ill and died, we remarried." "Your ex-husband's name is Cai Lu?" A Ying's face was surprised: "How do adults know?" "Lucai sudden death, is the county government to the rulers. Looking up the file last night, I learned that the county government had reached a conclusion on the case of normal death. But I think this conclusion is quite doubtful. " A Ying was even more shocked: "Adults think ..." "This government thinks that the road is being completely blocked." Liao Jie was ordered to go to Cai Lu cemetery to dig a grave and open a coffin, even though the body had rotted. But there are two rusty nails in the nostrils. Bao Gong continued to hear the case of Shandong cuisine. He said to Inging, "I think as an ordinary woman, how do you know the strange way to nail your nose?" Only if you have had personal experience can you get to the point. " A Ying had to confess truthfully: It turned out that she was also a woman from easy virtue. After marrying Lu Cai, she often lived with others. Her husband is a recidivist and conspired with her to kill Shandong cuisine by nailing his nose. Later, the husband. Liao Jie woke up like a dream: "I didn't expect this woman to be so heartless. If it weren't for adults with insight, I would have almost become the meat on her anvil. " A Ying was deeply depressed: "If I hadn't talked too much, this case would never have been solved." Bao Gong said seriously: "No, people who have committed crimes can only hide it for a while, but they can't hide it for a long time, and one day they will expose the consequences." This is the restoration of Skynet, sparse and not leaking! "
Bao Zheng told the mute to beat his brother.
Legend has it that whenever a new county magistrate takes office, a mute will take out a wooden stick for officials to hit. After Bao Gong came to power, he did another great job. Bao Gong thought: If he has not been wronged, how can he eat sticks repeatedly without guilt? Helpless dumb mouth can't talk, hands can't write. Bao Gong had a plan, painted his dumb arm with pig blood and showed it in the street with a long cangue. Several confidants were sent to follow him. When they saw someone crying about his injustice, they called him to court. After a while, I saw an old man cry dumb among the onlookers, so I took him to Bao Gong. The old man said, "This man is a stone mute in my village. He can't speak since he was a child, but his ears are still good. He was kicked out by his brother Shi Quan, who was rich but didn't give him a penny. Being an official every year can't be wronged. Today, I was scolded by the aides and sighed. " Bao Gong sent Shi Quan to my official residence, but Shi Quan denied that Dumb was his own flesh and blood. After Shi Quan left, Bao Gong taught the mute: "If you meet your brother in the future, go and wrestle with him." The mute blinked and looked a little scared. Bao Gong said, "Do as I say, and this official can decide for you." One day, the brother who was killed came to accuse him of disrespect and beat his own brother. Bao Gong asked Shi Quan, "Dumb, if he is really your brother, his crime is not small, and he will not be forgiven. If it is an outsider, it will only be a fight. " Shi Quan said, "He is my brother." Bao Gong shouted, "Since you are your brother, why don't you give him the money? Obviously exclusive! " Shi Quan has nothing to say. Bao Gong sent someone to escort them home and divide all the property equally.
Bao Zheng tried to catch the murderer with a stone.
When Bao Zheng was appointed as a county magistrate in Dingyuan County, he often visited incognito. On one occasion, Bao Zheng took an official through a hill and saw flies flying above the grass in front of him, and there was a smell of blood, so he let the official see it. There is a dead man lying in the grass. His body is rotten and his face is hard to distinguish. He carried a big blue slate on his back and a horse wallet on his shoulder. There is a wooden stamp of "Song Ji" in it-it turned out to be a coarse cloth dealer. Upon inquiry, he found that there was no local cloth dealer named Song. Bao Zheng concluded that this was a money murder case. So who is the murderer? The next day, Bao Zheng posted a notice saying that he would review the slate in the lobby. Everyone felt curious and went to class to see the strangeness. The slate was placed in the center of the hall, and the impartial Bao Zheng shouted: "Bold slate, dare to kill for money, no national law, give me forty boards!" The officers lifted the board and struck the slate hard. The "crackling" vibration made the officers feel pain. Everyone couldn't help laughing when they saw it. Bao Zheng reprimanded: "Counties adjudicate cases, and the lobby should be quiet. What if you dare to make noise in court? " When they saw that Bao Zheng was angry, they all knelt down and said "guilty". Bao Zheng said, "OK, are you going to fight or be punished? Willing to play, everyone plays forty boards; I'm willing to punish you and make sure everyone draws a bet for three days and hand in three feet of cloth. Offenders are severely punished! " Everyone is willing to punish. I thought to myself, "It's interesting that Lord Bao can't find the murderer. Let's offer a mourning dress." Within three days, the thick cloth gathered near the street was sold out. Bao Zheng's men looked at the marks on the cloth head while collecting the cloth, and found that the thick cloth handed in by many people was covered with the seal of "Song Ji", which was exactly the same as the seal of the deceased. When I asked, I realized that it belonged to a cloth village. Now, arrest a boss of Bucun. When the boss saw the dead man's seal, his face was ashen, so he had to confess that the dead man Song bought thick cloth from other places, stamped it and stored it with him. He murdered his own life for money, but in his hurry he forgot to destroy the horse's wallet.
Two Cases of Breaking Cattle in Bao Zheng
Bao Zheng (999- 1062), a famous minister in the Northern Song Dynasty, tried two cases of cattle when he was just appointed as county magistrate in Tianchang County. This is the spring ploughing season. One day, the farmer Wang and Zhang in the east village plowed the fields together. During the break, they sat on the ridge and chatted, letting two cows graze on the slope. After a while, two cows came to the corner. Wang and Zhang didn't take it seriously, just watching. Who knew that Wang's cow killed Zhang's cow? Two good friends turned against each other, and Zhang sued the county government and asked the king to pay for the cow. At that time, Bao Gong had not yet taken office. When hearing the case, the original Bai county magistrate thought: if you award compensation, Wang will suffer; If you don't compensate, Zhang will suffer. On second thought, I couldn't judge the case fairly and reasonably, so I had to put them in prison. The next day, after Bao Gong took office, he heard that two farmers were swearing in prison and took them to the court of first instance. Knowing what happened, he smiled and said to them, "You were good friends, but you killed the cow inadvertently and turned your friends against each other." This is really wrong. Today the official advises you to make up. " After that, he wrote four lines: two cows arrive at the corner, living but not dying; Live cows plow together, and dead cows peel together. After hearing the verdict, the two farmers said it was fair and reasonable, thanked Bao Gong and walked out of the court hand in hand. Who knows that two people just left, and another person reported the case. That's a farmer named Liu Quan in Xicun. This morning, he was going to work in the field with a cow. When he came to the cowshed, he was shocked: it turned out that his Daniel was covered in blood, and I don't know who cut off his tongue. He came to the county government to solve the case in tears. After reading the complaint, Bao Gong thought: This is probably done by an enemy of Liu Quan. He said to Liu Quan, "It seems that this cow will not live long. All you have to do is kill the cow and sell the meat. I will give you some money so that you can buy another cow. " Liu Quan said goodbye with tears. As soon as Liu Quangang left, he immediately issued a notice prohibiting the killing of cattle: the county told the Li people that in order to ensure spring ploughing and spring planting, it is strictly forbidden to kill cattle privately. If you have a sick cow, please consult a cow doctor; If the diagnosis and treatment is invalid, report to the county government first, and then slaughter it after inspection. Anyone who kills cattle without inspection will be severely punished. 300 yuan was rewarded by the government if someone caught the cow killer. This cloth. The next day, Liu Quan's neighbor, Ang Lee, came to report Liu Quan's unauthorized slaughter of cattle. Bao Gong thought to himself: Everyone in the village must know that Liu Quan slaughtered a disabled cow, but this man who claimed to be a neighbor of Liu Quan came to sue him knowing that he had slaughtered a disabled cow. Isn't that flattering good people? This man must have had a grudge against Liu Quan. Bao Gong's statement is to draw out Liu Quan's enemies. Now that I have asked his name, I know his name is Ang Lee. Liu Quan once told Bao Gong that Ang Lee had always been his enemy. It seems that this man must be the one who stole the cow tongue. After the trial, Ang Lee had to admit the crime of cutting his tongue and falsely accusing him.