Answering skills in novel reading
Skills of answering questions in novel reading 1. Basic knowledge points of novels
1, three elements of the novel: characters, environment and plot.
2. Types and functions of environment
(1) natural environment
Explain the time and place of the story and the space of the characters' activities to set off the emotions of the characters.
(2) Social environment
Elaborate the social background and characteristics of the times, contrast the characters' personalities, promote the plot development and reveal the theme of the article.
3. What parts does the plot consist of?
Start, development, climax, end
4. Continue to write the ending of the novel.
Continue to write according to the law of the development of novels and stories, and be concise, implicit, philosophical and thought-provoking.
Second, test sites and answering skills
(A) the overall perception of problems and priorities.
1. Summarize the plot with phrases or sentences and write it in the blank.
2. Summarize the content of the story (pay special attention to the content summary of the dual-track development of the plot) 3. Understand the local content.
(2) Questions and main points of character image analysis.
1. What kind of person do you think the protagonist is?
2. Combine the content to analyze the character characteristics.
Steps to answer such questions:
(1). Answer the method of describing characters. (Portrait, language, action, psychology; Introduction description)
Answer the specific content of these methods (find the key words and sentences that can best express the characteristics of the characters. )
③ Analyze the character according to the specific content, pay attention to the external portrait characteristics, the internal thoughts, and then the spiritual quality. The analysis should be comprehensive and specific, and cannot be generalized.
3. Use your imagination to fill the psychological activities of the characters. The function of psychological activities: reveal the inner world of the characters, express thoughts and feelings, portray the characters' personality and deepen the theme of the works.
There is a problem:
(1) Missing element
② Psychological activities are inconsistent with personality.
Cause analysis:
(1) When answering questions at will, what you say is out of character.
② Ignore the context and the subtext of the characters in the text.
How to answer such questions:. Analyze the psychological process of characters through language, expression and action.
4. Experience the change of characters' feelings.
(3) Problems and key points of environmental description
The role of environmental description (solar terms, weather, climate, scenery, scenery) 1. Explain the background. 2. Promote the plot. 3. Render the atmosphere. 4. Describe the characters, and set off their personalities and emotions. 5. Make the story more vivid and true. 6. Make the theme more prominent and profound. It is necessary to express some fresh feelings or subtle emotions, so as to achieve a blend of scenes, which can give people infection, inspiration and beautiful enjoyment.
(4) Understand the meaning of the topic.
1. Propose a topic with main contents or major events.
2. Draw up the topic with clues that run through the whole text.
3. Take symbolic and implied objects as the theme.
4. Pay attention to the main characters.
5. Pay attention to the specific environment
Matters needing attention in answering the analysis questions:
(1) Pay attention to analyzing the meanings of the head words and modifiers in the topic. Generally, it contains two meanings: one is content summary, and the other is theme summary.
2. If the title of the novel reveals the center, then answer the center of the article with the end of the novel.
(5) Questions about evaluation, experience, feeling and enlightenment.
This kind of questions often test students' grasp of the connotation of literary works. And talk about my experience, feelings and so on.
Enlightenment? The truth of understanding. (Answer by combining characters and themes)
Experience? Understanding of things around you through personal experience or practice.
Feeling? Feel something and understand.
Evaluation? Views on people and things.
(6) the problem of writing.
1. The relationship between theme and theme.
Theme? The material that expresses the theme: people, environment and events, which enriches the characters' personality, enhances the authenticity of plot development, the sensibility of artistic image and the artistic appeal of the whole work.
2. The function of flashback and interpolation.
Generally speaking, the function of flashback is to set suspense, pave the way for the following and attract readers.
Insertion means that the author inserts a narrative method related to the main plot when describing the main plot clue. The main function of interpolation is to enrich the content of the work; Let the characters be fuller and more complete. You can understand the origin of a situation or something. Make the article compact.
3. foreshadowing? Narrative skills. Prompt or hint the characters or events that will appear in the work in advance, so as to echo them back and forth. Its function is to help the full text achieve the effect of rigorous structure and reasonable plot development.
4. suspense? The work makes the viewer nervous about the development of the event and the fate of the characters, which is called suspense. Its function is to arouse readers' interest and enhance the artistic appeal of the works, which has fascinating artistic effects.
(7) Understanding the meaning of keywords.
Generally speaking, this kind of topic is combined with context to understand figurative meaning, symbolic meaning, referential meaning or its connotation and extension in this environment according to the language environment provided by the article. This knowledge point is examined in "White Iris" written by Yiyang, Hunan. Can you use it in the process of doing the problem? Substitution? Substitute your own understanding into the text and check whether this understanding is in harmony or even conflict with the meaning of the context.
(8) Grasp the main ideas
The theme of the novel is the core of the article. Only when the theme is correctly grasped can the characters and environment have rules to follow. The key of summarizing the center lies in the holistic thinking of people, events and events in the article, focusing on the social phenomena reflected, the thoughts and feelings expressed by characters in social activities and the philosophy realized through the investigation of people's fate. Pay more attention to lyric and argumentative sentences, which often hide the author's point of view. Furthermore, we should also pay attention to its standardization in theme expression. What is the general pattern? Express a _ _ phenomenon (thought, character) through _ _ events.
(9) Methods of portraying characters
The novel takes characterization as the core, and the methods of characterization are ① positive description. It is also called direct description, that is, by directly describing the portraits, movements, languages, psychology and demeanor of the characters, it reveals the ideological quality and personality characteristics of the characters and reflects the theme of the works. ② Introduction and description. Also called indirect description. That is, writing the protagonist indirectly through other people's words and deeds. For example, the description of the boss of Mihang in "Overcharging 35 Dou" is a foil? Old felt hat? The tragic fate of. ③ Detail description. By analyzing the portraits, movements, language, psychology, environment, scenes and other details, the character is expressed.
If you want to do a good job in reading comprehension, you should first improve your reading ability, including reading speed, overall perception, sorting, induction and analysis. You can practice mastering the ability of fast reading. Fast reading is an efficient reading and learning method, which can directly transform the text symbols perceived by visual organs into meanings and form a direct reading mode of eyes and brains. After mastering fast reading, when reading articles and materials, you can quickly extract paragraphs, contexts and key points of articles, promote sorting, induction and analysis, and improve the efficiency of doing problems; At the same time, the sea can save a lot of time and do other things easily. Students with weak reading ability suggest practicing. For specific exercises, please refer to "Jingyingte Whole Brain Fast Reading and Memory Software", which is of great help in reading speed, inductive analysis, understanding and memory. Reading ability is on the one hand, to improve the correct rate of reading answers, you need to practice more at ordinary times. It is best to plan your own time and practice Chinese reading comprehension every other day or two, so as not to lead to a superior mentality.
The specific answering skills of junior high school Chinese reading questions are as follows:
(1) The function of the first paragraph, the middle paragraph or sentence, and the last paragraph.
A: Structurally, the problem in the first paragraph is to get to the point, point out the center of the article, get to the point, get to the point, guide the full text, or play a role in causing the following; In terms of content, it is the foreshadowing and foil for the following, paving the way for the description of the following content. B, the middle part of the problem, structurally plays a connecting role, transition. C. The function of the last paragraph or sentence is to summarize the full text, point out the main idea of the article, make people memorable and take care of the theme.
What kind of thoughts and feelings does the article express?
A: This needs to be answered according to the specific content of the article. Common ones are singing, praising, admiring, loving, moving, happy, longing, shocking, missing, melancholy, faint sadness, regret, missing hometown and relatives, or boredom, hatred, pain, shame, guilt, hatred, sadness, grief and guilt. Between the lines of the article, we can see the feelings of the general author, some of them may be written more implicitly, and some of them are directly expressed.
③ Summarize the main idea of the article.
For such questions, you must read the full text carefully several times before answering, and then answer with such keywords:? Pass? Story, like (like)? Express the author? Show your thoughts and feelings? Deep truth. We can also find from the article that in every paragraph of the article, especially the first or last sentence of the first or last paragraph, the philosophical sentences in the article are often the theme that the author wants to express.
(4) What expressions are used in underlined sentences? What's the role?
A: When we see this type of topic, we must first look at the expression of this sentence, that is, narration, description, explanation, discussion and lyricism. Specifically, description is divided into character description, scenery description and comprehensive scene description. Character description can also be subdivided into language description, action description, psychological description, portrait description and detail description. The function of description is to make the article vivid, vivid and touching. The use of lyricism can enhance the appeal of the article and highlight the center of the article. If there are some fairy tales, folklore and descriptions of magical scenes in nature, its function is to increase the mystery of what is written and arouse readers' interest.
⑤ What rhetorical devices are used in one sentence? What's the role?
A: Many, eight kinds are commonly used: metaphor, analogy, exaggeration, parallelism, duality, repetition, rhetorical question. Among them, metaphor, personification, exaggeration and parallelism are the most tested. Metaphor has three functions: first, it simplifies profound truths and helps people deepen their body odor; The second is to make abstract things concrete and easy to accept; The third is to visualize the summary and give a vivid impression. The role of personification is to make readers not only have a vivid impression on the things expressed, but also feel the author's strong feelings about things. Using personification to express things you like can make them vivid and make people feel more intimate and natural. Things that show hatred can be ugly and give people a strong sense of disgust. The function of exaggeration is to deeply express the author's distinct emotional attitude towards things, thus causing readers to scream strongly; Rendering the image of things can arouse people's rich imagination and help highlight the essence and characteristics of things. The function of parallelism lies in highlighting the center of the article, expressing strong and unrestrained emotions and enhancing the momentum of language; It is an important link to improve the expression effect. There are also overlapping words and short sentences, which make the article full of rhythm, beautiful rhyme and catchy to read.