What are the main characteristics of troposphere, stratosphere and thermosphere?

(1) The temperature decreases with the elevation. This is mainly because most of the heat in the troposphere comes directly from the ground, so

The higher the atmosphere above the ground, the less it is heated and the lower its temperature. Every rise 100 m, the average temperature drops by 0.6.

Centigrade.

(2) The air convection movement is remarkable. The upper troposphere is cold and the lower troposphere is hot, which is beneficial to the convective movement of air.

. In low latitudes, there is much heat and strong convection, so the troposphere is high; When there is less heat in high latitudes, the troposphere height is low.

(3)

The weather phenomenon is complex and changeable. Water vapor and impurities near the ground are transported to the sky by convection, and it is easy to form clouds with the decrease of temperature in the process of rising, causing rainfall. Clouds, rain, snow and other weather phenomena all happen on this floor.

The troposphere is most closely related to human beings.

Stratosphere is characterized by:

( 1)

The vertical distribution of low-level air temperature does not change much with height.

30

Above 1000 meters, the temperature rises rapidly with the increase of height. This is because ozone in the stratosphere absorbs a lot of ultraviolet rays from the sun, which makes the temperature rise.

(2) The atmosphere is dominated by horizontal movement. The upper stratosphere is hot, the lower stratosphere is cold, the atmosphere is stable, and convection is not easy to form.

(3) The content of water vapor and impurities is very small, and the phenomena of clouds and rain are almost extinct. The atmosphere is stable and the weather is clear, which is conducive to high-altitude flight.

The characteristic of the thermosphere is that the temperature rises rapidly with the increase of height. This is because the atmospheric substances (mainly oxygen atoms) in this layer absorb all solar ultraviolet rays with the wavelength less than 0. 175 micron. According to satellite observation, at an altitude of 300 kilometers, the temperature has reached 1000 degrees Celsius.