Landscapes and vegetation——Visit Wenzhou as a garden

"The Qiu Qiu is charming and graceful, and the flying dragon sounds far away. The thin night is ashamed of the clouds, and the Qichuan sinks into the abyss. Spring grass grows in the pond, and the garden willows turn into singing birds." This is a song more than 1,700 years ago Xie Lingyun, the prefect of Yongjia during the Southern Dynasties, wrote a poem called "Climbing the Pond and Going Up the Tower", in which "spring grass grows in the pond, and willows in the garden turn into songbirds" is an eternal famous line. I learned from a local roommate in Wenzhou that Wenzhou is lucky enough to have left traces of the originator of Chinese landscape poetry. It is one of my wishes to pay homage to the pond and go upstairs.

After the introduction of a teacher in the same field, I learned that Chishanglou was originally located in Donggong Village in the city. It had been destroyed for a long time. Later, because Xie Lingyun had created a pond at the western foot of Jigu Mountain, a tower was built near the pond to commemorate it. In the early years of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Ruipu, a native of the city, resigned from his official position and returned to his hometown. He built a garden here and added Huaixie Tower, Chuncaoxuan, Hefang, etc., forming the current scale.

The restored garden, with its white walls, black tiles and red doors, looks particularly fresh and elegant after the baptism of spring rain. There are two characters "Ruyuan" hanging above the main door. I don't know who inscribed it. It seems to be the handwriting of Master Hongyi. There are wooden couplets on both sides of the door, with pink and green characters on a rosewood color. The upper couplet reads "Nostalgic Traces of Spring Grass Pond" and the lower couplet reads "East Mountain". "Feng Yue Hua Ming Yi Yuan". On the right side of the gate is Chishang Tower. It is built near the water. It is a two-room brick and wood building with an area of ​​about 100 square meters. It faces east and west. There is "Chishang Tower" on the middle hall. The plaque "Lou" is in small seal script and has the calligraphy style of Wu Xizai. When you climb up the building and look out the window, you will see the foothills of Jigu Mountain. Looking down at the watery area, this is the "Xiechi". If you continue along the corridor, you will reach the Spring Grass Hall. There is a pond in front of the hall, called the Spring Grass Pool. The name of the pool comes from "spring grass grows in the pond". I don’t know whether it’s the hot weather or other reasons. There seems to be no grass to be found in the spring grass pond, and the whole garden doesn’t have the feeling of “garden willows turning into songbirds.” I hope this scene is different from Xie Lingyun’s painting of “spring grass grows in the pond, and garden willows turn into songbirds.” I don’t know whether it’s Mr. Land is really rare. Before Xie Lingyun, landscapes and vegetation had always been an embellishment of poetry, and they only appeared as backgrounds. Xie Lingyun began to use landscapes as the main description objects, and used landscapes and vegetation to write poems. He used exquisite and neat language to describe the beauty of landscapes, creating real landscape poetry, and became the originator of landscape poetry in my country. Create an artistic conception that is either elegant and clear, or high-end and luxurious. For example: "The white clouds embrace the secluded rocks, and the green ripples are beautiful and clear." It is written in the poem "Drinking" that "the house is built in a human environment, without the noise of cars and horses. I pick chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, and leisurely see the Nanshan Mountain." It is a comfortable, leisurely and detached state of mind.

Huai Xie Building and Chun Cao Hall face each other, with only the Spring Grass Pond in between. I walked around the Spring Cao Pond along the corridor and climbed to Huai Xie Building. Huai Xie Building is also a two-story brick and wood structure, and its shape is basically the same as that of Chun Cao Hall. Just like going upstairs, I glanced downstairs and then went upstairs, hoping to get some traces of Xie Lingyun so that I could know more about Xie Lingyun's story. I hurriedly looked through all the rooms, but I was disappointed. The furnishings are almost the same as those on Chishanglou. There are a few ancient wooden tables and chairs, and a few fan paintings and calligraphy. There is almost no trace of Xie Lingyun. Is this the case or the negligence of the rebuilders? Suddenly I feel that Xie Lingyun is very far away from me. Such a big garden seems so simple and superficial. At this time, I remembered the former residence of Mr. Zhu Ziqing in Wenzhou, which I visited on Shuomen Street. Although the scale is not as large as the garden, it looks very exquisite and has a cultural atmosphere. No matter where you stand, Everywhere you step, touch, or look, there will be a story, a memory, and you will find traces of Mr. Zhu’s time in this land. There is inevitably some regret and disappointment here.

If there is a side door next to the courtyard, you can enter Zhongshan Park at the foot of Jigu Mountain. The mountain scenery here is quiet and it is also a good place for self-cultivation. As soon as I entered Zhongshan Park, I saw an ancient well standing there. On the bluestone fence were engraved two large characters "Yi Jing". At first, I was very puzzled as to why it was named "Yi Jing" and what its purpose was. So I picked up my mobile phone and searched it on Baidu, and found out that it was one of the "Twenty-eight Su Wells" dug in ancient times. Speaking of these "Tielan Well, County Qiantou Ancient Well, Jie Well, Shuangqiang Well, Jiansheng Well, Tianning Temple Well, Yongningfang Well, Bajiao Well, Haitanshanxia Well, Sanpaifang Ancient Well, Guijing, Tunqian Street Ancient Well, Sangangdian Ancient Well, Huagaishan Alchemy Well, Kuibi Well, Balun Well, Tiansu Well, Xianren Well, Yi Well, Jinsha Well, Tianjing, Fushu Ancient Well, Daoshu Ancient Well, Guogong Mountain Shixia Rock Well, Bailuan Ancient Well, The "Lie Well, Yingxian Well and Shishuiliao Ancient Well at the foot of Jigu Mountain" were dug by Guo Pu of the Jin Dynasty based on the twenty-eight constellations in the sky, "taking images from the sky" and according to the corresponding directions of the constellations in the sky. According to "Fu Zhi" written by Hongzhi of the Ming Dynasty, when Guo Pubu built the city of Yongjia County, he "drilled twenty-eight wells with elephants in them to stay", which meant that the water would last forever and have a constant water supply. Fire protection needs.

"The famous city of Bailu is full of cultural gardens, and I am eager to unravel the relics. I walk through the streets and alleys to find the thousand-year-old ancient well." An ancient well is a piece of living history, and it is also a living culture.

In this Zhongshan Park, I also encountered a very interesting scene by mistake. Several elderly people over fifty years old sat together and talked while looking at the birdcages hanging on the wall. I always felt that this scene was very familiar. After thinking about it carefully, I remembered that I had seen such a scene when watching the play "Teahouse" by Mr. Lao She. I thought it was very interesting, so I went to learn about it.

Only then did I realize that raising birds was a refined hobby in old Beijing. From the late Qing Dynasty to the early Republic of China, people wearing robes and carrying bird cages could be seen everywhere at the foot of the city and along the riverside every morning, taking square steps to "walk the birds." "Yanjing Miscellaneous Notes" records: "Many people in the capital raise finches, and those wandering the streets have hawks with arms, some with white tongues in cages, and some with small poles tying a small bird to it. Every tea house must have several poles outside the fence, and its birds are worth dozens of gold. "I never thought that the leisurely elegance of these "cage birds" would be separated by more than half a century and thousands of miles. Some of it has been preserved here in Wenzhou, and it has become a leisurely hobby for young literati today to cultivate their sentiments. ? Nowadays, it is difficult to see caged birds in modern cities with noisy traffic and horses, but loving and raising birds is still a part of the culture.

This is like a garden. The unique scenery is harmonious, providing a fertile land for the return of the mind. The wind blew the chirping of birds in my ears. I turned my head to face the wind and heard only the chirping of birds.