What are the types of roof waterproofing materials?
Roofing waterproofing materials are divided into five categories:
Waterproof membranes, waterproof coatings, sealing materials, rigid waterproofing and leak-stopping materials.
1. Waterproof membranes
The classification of waterproof membranes: asphalt membranes, polymer modified asphalt-based waterproof membranes and polymer membranes
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①Asphalt membrane type
②Polymer modified asphalt-based waterproofing membrane type?
Polymer modified asphalt-based waterproofing membrane mainly includes: Asphalt paper felt and polymer modified asphalt waterproofing membrane.
A. Production and application of asphalt paper linoleum
The production volume of asphalt paper linoleum in my country is declining year by year, and the current production and sales volume is already very small.
my country's petroleum asphalt linoleum began to be used in the early 1950s. By 1958, the output reached 190 million m2. By the early 1980s at the beginning of reform and opening up, the output of Liyu paper tire linoleum rose to 530 million m2. m2 With the reform and opening up, the petroleum industry and the construction industry developed rapidly, linoleum production enterprises improved the production capacity of oxidized asphalt through technological transformation. By 1995, the production of asphalt paper tire linoleum had reached 1.22 billion m2. Because the construction application of paper tire felt still follows the traditional practice for many years, hot asphalt mastic is used as the binding material. Environmental pollution is produced during the hot melt process and construction operations of thermal mastic. Due to environmental protection reasons, in recent years some provinces and cities have explicitly banned the use of paper felt for construction in urban areas, and have replaced it with polymer-modified asphalt waterproofing membranes. Paper-based linoleum was eliminated, so the output of paper-based linoleum dropped to 800 million m2.
B. Polymer modified asphalt waterproofing membrane
Polymer modified asphalt waterproofing membrane mainly includes polymer modified asphalt waterproofing membrane with APP. SBS (APAO) as the modified material, and Mainly polyester tires and fiberglass tires. Modified asphalt waterproofing membrane is the fastest growing new waterproofing material in my country. Since the mid-1980s, my country has successively introduced more than a dozen production lines from abroad. The level of technical equipment has been greatly improved, with a production capacity of about 80 million m2. . There are more than 100 domestic production lines of modified asphalt waterproofing membranes developed in China, with each line having a production capacity of 2 million m2, and the annual production capacity is about 200 million m2; the current total production capacity of polymer-modified asphalt waterproofing materials in my country* **Up to 280 million m2. However, this new waterproof material did not develop rapidly when it began to be promoted and applied. With the development of raw materials, such as the introduction and commissioning of polyester tire and fiberglass tire production equipment, the increase in the production capacity of asphalt modifier SBS. APP, construction application technology The improvement of supporting materials, the improvement of design specifications and the promulgation of national standards and other issues have been solved, as well as through increased publicity and promotion efforts. In 2002, sales volume reached 85 million m2, but it still only accounted for 1/3 of the production capacity. about. The sales volume of composite modified asphalt waterproofing membrane reached nearly 200 million m2.
The construction and application of polymer-modified asphalt waterproofing membranes currently mostly use the flame gun hot-melt construction method and cold mastic bonding commonly used abroad.
③Polymer membrane types: A? Rubber type B? Plastic type
my country’s polymer waterproofing membrane materials include EPDM, polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated Polyethylene, chlorinated polyethylene-rubber mixed, rubber-plastic mixed, recycled rubber, geotechnical anti-seepage membrane, polyethylene polypropylene and other waterproof membranes.
There are about 80 manufacturers of polymer waterproofing membranes in my country, with a total production capacity of about 100 million m2. In 2002, the sales of polymer membranes were about 40 million m2, of which ethylene-propylene waterproofing membranes were Nearly 4 million m2 of materials, 7 million m2 of chlorinated polyethylene waterproofing membrane, 5 million m2 of recycled rubber waterproofing membrane, 6 million m2 of polyethylene and other geotechnical anti-seepage sheets, 6 million m2 of polyvinyl chloride waterproofing membrane, 6 million m2 of polyethylene propylene waterproofing membrane Lun composite waterproofing membranes are 22 million m2; other polymer membranes are 12 million m2, and in 2002 they were nearly 66 million m2.
(1) EPDM waterproofing membrane
my country has introduced 4 EPDM waterproofing membrane production lines from Japan (each with a production capacity of about 1 million m2) , becoming the backbone enterprise of EPDM waterproof membrane in my country. In 1980, Baoding Rubber Factory No. 1 built the first imported production line, and the other three imported production lines were imported and produced by Baotou Rubber Products Factory, Liaoyang No. 1 Rubber Factory, Shanwei, and Tengzhou Rubber and Plastic Group. In addition, there are 12 domestic digestion and absorption production lines with an annual production capacity of 800,000 to 1 million hours. The annual production capacity of EPDM waterproofing membrane nationwide is about 16 million m2. Sales volume has grown rapidly in recent years, especially in the construction of subways, water conservancy and sports venues, with an annual output of more than 5 million m2.
(2) Polyvinyl chloride waterproof membrane
my country has been developing and producing polyvinyl chloride waterproof membrane for a long time. There are currently three main types: the production process is calendering, extrusion and coating. The annual production capacity is approximately 12 million m2.
Among them, the manufacturer represented by the extrusion process is Jinan Sarnai Waterproof Materials Company. Its equipment was imported from Italy and is wholly owned by the Swiss Sarnai Company.
In addition, Shandong Lihua and Aokai companies, and Shandong Xinda Group's new plastic factory produce this type of membrane. Recently, Jiangyin Jianghai Waterproof Materials Company in Jiangsu Province has also developed products using the coating and scraping methods and extrusion methods, especially the extrusion method. The quality of P-type products is close to or reaching the level of imported products, but the price is relatively cheap. It has been trialled in projects such as the new terminal of Guangzhou Ziyun Airport and has achieved good results.
(3) Chlorinated polyethylene waterproofing membrane
my country's chlorinated polyethylene waterproofing membrane includes: 603 waterproof membrane reinforced with glass cloth, nitrated polyethylene non-woven fabric Carcass membrane, chlorinated polyethylene rubber waterproof membrane. There are more than 20 manufacturers. There are three CPE membrane production plants in Jiangsu Province alone, with a total national production capacity of approximately 15 million m2 and recent sales of approximately 7 million m2.
(4) Geomembrane
Waterproofing and anti-seepage of underground and water conservancy projects require various resin-based waterproofing membranes, which are mainly used in water conservancy projects and landfill sites. The sales and supply volume in 2002 was approximately 8 million m2.
(5) Polyolefin waterproofing membrane (TPO membrane)
TPO is a thermoplastic polyolefin waterproofing membrane, which has become popular in European customs in recent years, and my country has also initially grasped the relevant technology, and Shanxi Taiyuan Wanjia Waterproof Material Co., Ltd. introduced technology and equipment from abroad for the first time to start production. Germany also has an office in Shanghai to supply TPO raw materials.
2. Waterproof coatings
Waterproof coating categories: asphalt, modified asphalt (rubber pitch) and polymer coatings.
Modified asphalt waterproof coatings mainly include latex asphalt waterproof coatings, SBS modified asphalt waterproof coatings, water-emulsion recycled rubber asphalt waterproof coatings, water-based PVC coal tar waterproof coatings, and neoprene asphalt waterproof coatings. The most commonly used.
Polymer coatings include polyurethane waterproof coatings, acrylic emulsion waterproof coatings and silicone rubber waterproof coatings.
① Polyurethane waterproof coating is the most commonly used waterproof coating in my life, including coal tar polyurethane and pure polyurethane waterproof coating. In recent years, due to environmental factors, the application of coal tar has been restricted, so non-tar polyurethane waterproof coatings have developed rapidly, such as 991 petroleum asphalt-based (non-tar) polyurethane waterproof coatings.
The maximum domestic production of polyurethane waterproof coating is about 30,000 tons. It is expected that environmentally friendly polyurethane waterproof coatings will replace tar-based polyurethane waterproof coatings in the future.
② Acrylic emulsion waterproof coating is a new type of waterproof coating that has developed rapidly in recent years. The series of products currently developed include: acrylic waterproof decorative coating, acrylic roof waterproof coating and JS composite waterproof coating, etc. Waterproof coating. In 2002, the output of acrylic waterproof coating and JS composite waterproof coating was close to 22,000 tons.
③ Silicone rubber waterproof coating, annual sales volume is about 300t.
3. Sealing materials
my country's building sealing materials include plastic grease, asphalt grease, polysulfide, silicone, polyurethane, neoprene, butyl sealing putty, Elastic-plastic sealing materials such as chlorosulfonated polyethylene.
In recent years, polymer sealing paste has experienced significant growth, especially silicone sealing paste, which has grown the fastest.
(1) Silicone sealing paste
Silicone sealing paste has developed rapidly and has many varieties. Now it has produced acidic, neutral, mildew-proof and structural sealing pastes, etc. Variety, used in glass roofing, curtain walls, structures, stone, metal roofing, ceramic tiles and automobiles, etc. The production capacity of domestic manufacturers reaches about 50,000 tons.
In 2002, the total market sales volume was about 25,000 tons, of which nearly 15,000 tons were domestically produced, and the other 10,000 tons were mainly supplied by foreign sealing material companies such as Dow Corning, GE, and Chuanggao Far East Company in the United States.
(2) Polysulfide sealing paste
Polysulfide sealing paste is used on insulating glass and other windows, and is also used in water conservancy projects, municipal water plants, sewage treatment plant projects and wall panel joints. Better application. In 2002, my country's polysulfide sealing paste market was about 4,000 tons, and the sales volume of domestic products was about 0.3 tons, accounting for about 75%, with two-component products being the main products.
(3) Acrylic sealing paste
Acrylic sealing paste is mostly water-emulsion type, and the output in 2002 was about 5,000 tons.
(4) Polyurethane sealing paste
The two-component polyurethane sealing paste developed in my country is produced by nearly ten companies. In 2002, the sales volume was about 4,000 tons. Polyurethane sealant, mainly used in the automotive industry.
(5) Asphalt bonding and caulking materials
In the construction and application process of asphalt waterproofing membranes in my country, hot asphalt mastic or cold asphalt mastic is often used for oxidized asphalt membranes. Hoof grease is used as a multi-layer waterproof bonding material. For laminated construction, two felts and two oils or two felts and four oils are generally used, that is, two layers of oxidized asphalt coils plus two layers of asphalt mastic, or three layers of oxidized asphalt coils plus Four courses of asphalt mastic. ?
Asphalt-based caulking paste is also widely used in building sealing. At present, coal tar PVC paste is the most commonly used, and asphalt caulking paste accounts for more than 10% of the total building sealing paste.
At present, my country's construction waterproofing materials have transitioned from a single variety of asphalt paper tires to polymer modified asphalt waterproofing membranes, polymer waterproofing membranes, building waterproofing coatings, building sealing materials, rigid waterproofing and Leak-stopping and water-stopping materials, new waterproof materials are developed from scratch, and the grades include high, medium and low grades. The waterproof material system with relatively complete varieties and functions basically meets the functions of my country's building waterproofing projects.
IV. Rigid waterproof materials (used for waterproof concrete and waterproof mortar)
Rigid waterproof materials include two types: admixture waterproof concrete and waterproof mortar: UEA type concrete expansion agent, silicone waterproofing agent, BR series waterproofing agent, M 1500 cement water-based sealing waterproofing agent, inorganic aluminum salt waterproofing agent. The UEA type expansion agent has the fastest promotion speed, with the annual sales basket reaching 250,000 tons: the sales volume of inorganic aluminum salt waterproofing agent is also large.
5. Leakage and water-stopping materials
The leakage-stopping materials used in my country include inorganic powdery waterproofing and leakage-stopping materials, water-soluble and oil-soluble polyurethane, cyanide, acrylonitrile, Rubber waterstops and water-swellable rubber, etc.