Mount Fuji Volcano Mount Fuji volcano erupted last time.
Mount Fuji is one of the largest active volcanoes in the world, but it is currently dormant. An active volcano is one that is erupting and is expected to erupt again. So dormant volcano is a volcano that may erupt again in the future.
If a long time has passed since the last eruption and it is proved that it will not erupt in the foreseeable future, it is called an extinct volcano or an extinct volcano.
Is Mount Fuji in Japan a volcano? Why didn't it break out? Mount Fuji is one of the largest active volcanoes in the world. Only active volcanoes can erupt. Volcanoes that are erupting and are expected to erupt again must be active. The dormant volcano Mount Fuji, even though they are active now and will not erupt, may erupt again in the future, they are still active. The last eruption was a volcano a long time ago. A volcano that has been proved not to erupt in the foreseeable future is called extinction or extinction. There is no strict scientific standard to determine whether a volcano is "dead" or "alive".
Volcanoes that have or have recorded volcanic eruptions in history are considered to be active by experience or tradition, but there are 534 such volcanoes in the world. But history or historical records may vary from country to country. Some are only three or four hundred years, and some are three or four thousand years or even longer. In remote and uninhabited areas, even the recent active outbreaks may be unknown or have no historical records. For example, the Jinlong Dingzi volcano, located 40 kilometers west of Jingyu, had an explosive eruption about 1600 years ago, but no historical records have been found so far. The definition of active volcano based on historical or historical records is incomplete and unrealistic.
According to the calculation of the time between the eruption of active volcano and the last eruption of extinct volcano, some volcanologists suggest that Mount Fuji volcano has a better definition of active volcano, and the time is limited.
This improved definition of active volcano still allows exceptions, and requires that specific active volcanoes be evaluated to provide evidence of magma chamber system activities under volcanoes. But whether a volcano is "dead" or "alive" is relative. Some "extinct volcanoes" that have not erupted for 10000 years or more may erupt due to deep structure or magmatic activity. For example, most of the five Lianchi volcanoes in China erupted 654.38+million years ago, but the Laoheishan and Huohuishan volcanoes were formed in1719-1721.
How harmful is the eruption of Mount Fuji volcano to China? Mount Fuji volcanic eruption is harmless to China.
Due to the perennial volcano of Mount Fuji, the eruption level of Mount Fuji is level 3, and there is only one eruption reaching level 5, and the probability is very small. Secondly, due to the geographical location, Mount Fuji volcano in China will not be affected. Mount Fuji is located in the westerly belt, and the airflow flows from west to east, while Mount Fuji volcano is in the west of Japan, so natural volcanic ash will not float over.
This shows that people's worries are unnecessary. Even if Mount Fuji really erupts, China won't have any influence. Only Japan needs to be fully prepared to ensure the safety and property of residents and minimize risks.
Level 3 volcanic eruption is common, but it is dangerous to reach level 4-5. A volcanic eruption of magnitude 4 is equivalent to an earthquake of magnitude 8.2. A volcanic eruption of magnitude 5 is equivalent to an earthquake of magnitude 8.7.
If it can reach magnitude 6, it is equivalent to a magnitude 9.3 earthquake. Not only did the building collapse in an instant, but people also had no time to escape, so they could only be "slaughtered".
Mount Pinatubo in Luzon, Philippines, erupted in 199 1 year, and it was recorded that 20 million tons of sulfur dioxide was ejected at that time.
The emission of sulfur dioxide reduces the sunlight of the earth by 10%, and reduces the global temperature by 0.5 degrees. You can imagine how horrible the scene was.
When the volcanic eruption reaches magnitude 7, which is equivalent to a magnitude 9.8 earthquake, buildings will suddenly become fragments, and a large number of cracks will appear on the ground, which may even lead to floods, mudslides, landslides and avalanches on the top of the mountain.
18 15, the eruption of Tambora volcano in Indonesia was terrible, which not only killed 50,000 people, but also affected the global temperature, with an overall drop of 0.53 degrees.
This is also the birth of the word "year without summer". The eruption of magnitude 7 volcano made there no summer in 18 16. After that, once Tambora volcano is mentioned, people will feel cold behind them and think of the word "a year without summer".
What if a volcano erupts at level 8? Equivalent to 10.2 earthquake. The Tangshan earthquake and Wenchuan earthquake in China were both magnitude 8, and the scene state was already terrible. I can't imagine what 10.2 would look like.
However, it is unlikely that Mount Fuji will erupt to magnitude 8, but the Yellowstone volcano in the United States is possible, because its crater diameter is so large that it is impossible to observe its specific number.
When did Mount Fuji erupt1707 65438+February 16 Mount Fuji volcano erupted in Japan.
Mount Fuji volcano, located in the southern part of Honshu Island, Japan, erupts with the eruption scale of VEI5, which is one of the three major eruptions of Mount Fuji since 2000. According to the records of earthquake activity near Mount Fuji in Japan in that year, it is speculated that this large-scale volcanic eruption was triggered by a massive earthquake that occurred in the southern waters of Mu Yi Peninsula in Japan on June 28th, 707.
1707102813: 45 Japan time, a major earthquake occurred in Mount Fuji volcano in the southern waters of Mu Yi Peninsula in southern Honshu Island, Japan. It is estimated that the magnitude of this earthquake is 8. Level 7 to 9. Between magnitude 3 and magnitude 7, Mount Fuji volcano has a diameter of 790 kilometers, and the highest earthquake intensity in Japan is magnitude 7.
Brief introduction of Mount Fuji
Mount Fuji, known as the highest mountain in Japan, is a dormant volcano spanning Shizuoka Prefecture and Yamanashi Prefecture. In August 2002, the Japanese Institute of Land and Geography re-measured and confirmed that the height was 3775. 63 meters, located in the Pacific coast about 100 km southwest of Tokyo. The volume of Mount Fuji is about 500km_.
The circumference of the foot of Mount Fuji is about 125km (plus the lava flow at the foot), and the bottom diameter is about 40-50km. The surface of the crater at the top of the mountain is about 500 meters in diameter and 250 meters in depth. Mount Fuji belongs to the Fuji volcanic belt, which mainly starts from Mariana Islands, passes through Izu Islands and Izu Peninsula, and reaches the volcanic chain in the north of Honshu.
Did Mount Fuji in Japan erupt? 1708 By 2020, Mount Fuji in Japan has not erupted. However, in 2022, the magma activity of Mount Fuji was intense.
According to the recorded data, Mount Fuji has erupted 17 times since the 8th century, and the latest eruption was in 1707. Since then, it has been in a state of "great dormancy" and there is no strong eruption.
In 2022, according to the survey of Mount Fuji in Japan, the number of craters in Mount Fuji in Japan increased by nearly six times, which means that the energy of Mount Fuji in Japan is increasing on a large scale, and the magma accumulating strength on this mountain is moving and expanding on a large scale, otherwise the craters will not increase so much.
For Mount Fuji in Japan, it is indeed an active volcano. According to the investigation of Mount Fuji in Japan, it can be said that once Mount Fuji erupts on a large scale, it may indeed have a great impact on Japan.
Introduction to Mount Fuji:
Mount Fuji is one of the classic symbols of Japanese spirit and culture, and it is a beautiful and solemn mountain with natural charm in the hearts of Japanese people. Since ancient times, it has been the theme of Japanese writers' eulogy, a sacred place revered by the Japanese, and a part of Japanese folk religion. Mount Fuji is conical, and the top of it is covered with snow all year round. Around the foothills of Mount Fuji, there are five fresh water lakes, collectively called "Fuji Five Lakes".
Is Mount Fuji an active volcano? (Mount Fuji, one of the largest active volcanoes in the world) Speaking of Japan, people will definitely think of Mount Fuji covered with snow. Japan's highest peak spans Shizuoka Prefecture and Yamanashi Prefecture in the south-central part of Honshu Island, winning the reputation of "Holy Mountain" and "Parr Mountain" with its nearly perfect cone shape. In addition, Mount Fuji is one of the largest active volcanoes in the world.
Such a mountain, with beautiful scenery and full of dangers, has become a world-famous symbol of Japan, and the reasons are intriguing.
One hundred years ago at the foot of Mount Fuji
Dual characteristics of Mount Fuji
"Mount Fuji" means "Vulcan" and it is just right to describe Mount Fuji. It is 3775.63 meters above sea level and covers an area of about 1200 square kilometers. Since written records in 78 1 year, it has erupted 18 times, and the latest eruption time was 1707. In that volcanic activity, 700 million tons of volcanic ash fell into Tokyo, 80 kilometers away from Mount Fuji, and the thickness of street dust reached 10 cm. During these three hundred years, Mount Fuji was dormant.
If Mount Fuji erupts again, experts predict that the magma will reach the residential area with a population of 750,000 within 2 hours, the hot gas will be sprayed to 10 km away, and the thickness of volcanic ash at the foot of the mountain will reach more than 50 cm. At the same time, the fall of volcanic ash will hinder the traffic and communication in Tokyo, leading to the paralysis of Japan's national security and economy.
Even so, there is no doubt about Mount Fuji in the eyes of the Japanese. Among the four seasons of Mount Fuji, cherry blossom viewing in spring, summer vacation, maple viewing in autumn and snow viewing in winter are all extraordinary and refreshing. In particular, the humid airflow is blocked by Mount Fuji, and the water vapor condenses in the downwind, forming a strange "hat cloud", which is amazing. The awe and appreciation of Mount Fuji contributed to the "Fuji feelings" that the Japanese nation could not give up.
Above _ The flag of the Japanese Emperor has sixteen petals and eight heavy chrysanthemums.
Japanese Chrysanthemum and Knife
"Knife" is the sense of honor under the prevalence of collectivism. Driven by collectivism, Japan realized the industrial revolution in a relatively short period of time through the Meiji Restoration, and even launched a war of aggression to safeguard its long-term sense of honor. After the defeat of the war, the Japanese pride suffered setbacks, became stiff, timid and inferior, and turned to bow to the winner. Mount Fuji illustrates the nationality of this contradiction, and it is reasonable to be respected by the Japanese nation.
Above _ Wearing a Japanese samurai costume painted by Shancheng.
Long-standing religious belief
The awe of Mount Fuji gave birth to a "shallow god" with religious overtones. Mount Fuji was the most active during the Heian period in the early 9th century. In order to quell the volcano, people have set up1more than 300 shallow shrines all over the country to worship the "shallow houses" representing Mount Fuji. After Buddhism was introduced into Japan, Jiao Xiao, the Yi Jun of Hemao, combined the local Shintoism with Buddhism, and a "Daoism" appeared, which required practitioners to practice in the mountains. At the end of heian period, volcanic activity tended to be stable, and more and more people climbed Mount Fuji to practice.
Among these people, Hasegawa Kaoru, who lived at the end of the Warring States Period, chose to practice in the cave at the foot of Mount Fuji, and founded the "Fuji Lecture", arguing that "to end the century-long war and make all the people live in peace, it is necessary for the gods and mankind to work together, starting with hard training, not all the people." Therefore, the belief in Mount Fuji is widely known.
Above _ Jing Daole, Miyamoto, Mount Fuji
In A.D. 1620, the plague was rampant in Edo area (now Tokyo), and the Fuji lecture society actively treated patients, which was recognized and supported by the people. Lu, the sixth generation disciple of Fuji Lecture Hall, perfected the teachings of the lecture hall and put forward: "If you want to be liberated, you must convert to the immortal bodhisattva (Mount Fuji)", and as long as you are diligent in your family business, your identity and life will rise and you will turn to a beautiful life experience in the afterlife. This theory gave great hope to the people in the edo period with strict status.
Driven by food and shelter, the Fuji Lecture Hall will become bigger and stronger, and people who climb Mount Fuji will be more prosperous. All over the country, "Mount Fuji Tomb" was built in imitation of Mount Fuji, which provided opportunities for people who were far away from Mount Fuji and could not climb. Similar to China's "You are not a hero until you reach the Great Wall", there is a Japanese folk saying that a person should climb Mount Fuji once in his life. Religious activities with the worship of Mount Fuji as the content provide a strong spiritual core for Japan's national belief.
Above _ Ye Wan's poetry anthology is the earliest Japanese poetry anthology.
Cultural Charm of Poetry and Painting Inheritance
Since ancient times, Mount Fuji has been known as the "Mountain of Art". Ye Wan, the earliest Japanese poetry collection, is equivalent to The Book of Songs in ancient China. It contains more than 4500 short songs from the 4th century to the middle of the 8th century. There is a saying in "You can't stay in the mountain without singing folk songs": "Guangdong has grown up from heaven and earth, and this mountain stands tall. Fuji State is in the country of Suruga, and worships Yue to cover the sky. " The magnificence of Mount Fuji is on paper.
Strange sentences are Japanese classical short poems developed on the basis of China's Chinese poems. Matsuo Bashō, a "Japanese Nuo saint", has a deep affection for Mount Fuji, and has repeatedly sang Mount Fuji with haiku in different seasons and different weather. He once wrote a haiku of "The snow melts on Mount Fuji, and he talks dreamily on his pillow", borrowing the allusions of China, and lamenting the snow all year round on Mount Fuji.
Above _ Kasai Nishizawa (Ukiyo-e painter in Edo period, Japan)
Noichi Mui, a great Ukiyo-e painter in the Edo period, is the only Japanese who was selected as one of the 100 celebrities who have influenced the world for thousands of years. His paintings have a profound influence on European impressionism. It took Ge's North House nearly ten years to draw the scene of Mount Fuji from all over Kanto, and formed the painting collection of "Thirty-six Scenes of Fuyue".
Ando Hiroshige, who lived in the same period as Kasai Kitazawa, was good at integrating natural scenery into the market with beautiful and agile brushstrokes and colors, giving Mount Fuji a more popular image. Now Japanese painting circles have reached the understanding that "you can't paint Mount Fuji, you are not a painter", which proves the importance of Mount Fuji to Japanese painting. With the spread and promotion of the art of poetry and painting, the distance between Mount Fuji and the people has been further narrowed, and its social influence has been enhanced.
Above _ One of the later works of Ukiyo-e painter Ge Shibei Zhai, Thirty-six Scenes of Fuyue Mountain (part).
Approachable "Fuji Complex"
Mount Fuji can be seen everywhere in Japanese life, and it is very grounded. In all parts of Japan, there are many names with Fuji characteristics, such as Fuji Meemachi, Fuji Meetai, Fuji Meesaka and so on. In 20 19, more than 300,000 tourists climbed Mount Fuji, including nearly 80,000 tourists from China. The arrival of foreign tourists invisibly expanded the popularity of Mount Fuji.
Fuji elements can be seen everywhere in Japan. Fuji camera is one of the largest manufacturers and suppliers of integrated graphics processing products and services in the world. Fuji bicycle, born in 1899, is one of the most popular bicycle brands in Japan and the United States. 1939, the Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries named a newly developed apple "Red Fuji", which quickly swept the world and was highly sought after. Highly integrated with daily life, it has created a strong "Fuji Complex".
Above _ One of the later works of Ukiyo-e painter Ge Shibei Zhai, Thirty-six Scenes of Fuyue Mountain (part).
On June 20 13, the 37th World Heritage Committee listed Mount Fuji on the World Cultural Heritage List, affirming the traditional Japanese culture with Mount Fuji as the core. Known as "Japan's Du Li", there is a poem in Zhangshan, Ishikawa, which praises: "The cyclamen come to travel outside the clouds, and the dragons live in the old caves. Snow is like a cloud, smoke is like a handle, and white fans hang upside down in the East China Sea. " It vividly depicts the sacred position of Mount Fuji in the hearts of the Japanese people.
References:
Fan Lili's view on the image of Mount Fuji in modern Japan and its causes