The Mystery of "Six Buries and Four Coffins" of Sun Yat-sen's Body
1925 March 12 9: 30 am
At Peking Union Medical College Hospital
Sun Yat-sen's heart stopped beating. The funeral home decided to temporarily bury Sun Yat-sen's body in the stone niche of the King Kong throne tower of Biyun Temple in Xishan, Beijing.
According to Mr. Wang's wishes
Nanjing cemetery will be officially buried after its completion.
After listening to Zhou, Mr. Tong frowned. Zhou received the fortune-telling money and went outside the village. He couldn't help laughing as he walked. He said to himself, I finally have this opportunity today. How can I not tease you? 1929 65438+ October
A "Feng 'an Committee" was established to be responsible for the burial of Sun Yat-sen's body.
With Chiang Kai-shek as chairman.
Kong Xiangxi is the director of the office.
Under the general affairs, finance and other groups. According to Ci Hai, your father was buried.
It's called "Feng 'an"
Sun Yat-sen is honored as "the father of the country"
The burial of his body was given the gift of "Feng 'an". ) eventually
Fengan Committee set the time of "Fengan" as 65438+June 1. 0929.
Beiping is thousands of kilometers away from Nanjing.
Such a long way.
It is not surprising how to transport Guo Sun safely and smoothly. The skeleton thief never imagined that after drinking the "Rose Red" altar, he accidentally left a string of clear red footprints on the ground because the wine was quickly excreted. Mei Niang immediately called all the guys in the shop and followed the footprints to the foot of the mountain more than ten miles west of the city, only to find that the humble grave suddenly disappeared. Is Fuxi a snake among the weeds in front of that grave? There is a saying in an ancient book. South's History of Taoism quoted Bao as saying: "The imperial daughter traveled to Hua Xu Garden, pregnant with insects, and was born in Fuxi for ten years." Fuxi's mother played by the water in Hua Xu, had sex with "Bug" and got pregnant. Fuxi didn't give birth to her son until Huailing. The "bug" that got Fuxi pregnant here is a snake, and naturally Fuxi is the son of a snake. There is a stone tablet standing upright, and it is faintly visible that this line is engraved on the tablet: the tomb of Bu Tiandiao. God, Mei Niang and the guys are dumbfounded. Is the skeleton thief dead? Did his ghost come out to steal? No way! Mei Niang never believes that people can come out to commit crimes after death. There must be a reason. She patted the tombstone conveniently. Suddenly, the tombstone moved to one side, revealing a dark hole. Immediately, a strong rose fragrance floated out of the hole. Coffin in Zhongshan
Is a very important question. According to the specific conditions of different road sections, the safety committee of Fengshen
Arrange different modes of transportation and corresponding means of transportation. The welcoming Commissioner's office chose Risheng Bar on West Chang 'an Avenue, which specializes in "weddings and funerals".
Hiring porters falls into three categories.
Except for 64 porters per shift
There is also Chen Tieshan, the standard-bearer of "The Beginning of Laboro" and director of Chen Jiabao. He sat high in the plush chair and received guests from all directions to celebrate his tenth birthday. At this time, I suddenly heard the neighing of horses outside the courtyard, and then a barbarian with a big knife broke in. Everyone was surprised, and it was Huang Leng, a bandit from Longhu Mountain. I saw Huang Leng jumping off the horse with his iron suitcase in his arms. He brazenly raised his knife and shouted, "Take out the gold and silver at once, or your birthday will be a funeral!" " , and is responsible for the portrait gallery and so on.
The total is 283.
All dressed in blue and white uniforms. During the whole process of moving the coffin to "Feng 'an" and on the way south, the transportation was changed every time until Sun Yat-sen's coffin was finally placed in the tomb.
They are in charge.
June 1 day is the official "Fengan Day".
9 a.m
The hearse arrived at the square in front of the stone steps of Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum. The porter moved the coffin into Yu Ling.
Raise the threshold and go up. After reaching the platform in front of the altar, use a small bar.
Move the coffin into the altar. over there
A security ceremony was held. Libby
The porter still carried the coffin into the grave. "Let her sleep, it's not easy to be a woman!" Chen twisted a sparse goatee under his chin and went straight to his fixed guest room. Location. soon
All the people who attended the Feng 'an ceremony finally went to the tomb to pay homage; then
Soong Ching Ling led Sun Ke and his wife and other family members to personally close the tomb door.
so far
This grand "Feng 'an Grand Ceremony" finally came to an end.
2. Abandon the custom-made crystal coffin of the Soviet Union.
Although Liu Yong performed poorly in the "Feng 'an Grand Ceremony", he was speechless when he remembered that Liu was a "scholar". However, the appointment of a "pot waist" as the champion made the whole world laugh at no one in the Qing Dynasty! Left a very detailed historical material.
But there will inevitably be a gap. Four years from the death of Sun Yat-sen in 1925 to the Feng 'an Grand Ceremony in 1929.
There are many legends about the ruins, some true and some false.
Leave many unsolved mysteries for future generations.
According to the information display
Sun Yat-sen's body has changed coffins several times.
The authoritative statement is "five funerals and four coffins"-the so-called "mourning"
Refers to the body of the deceased wearing a coffin.
in fact
If every coffin change is counted as an old mother anxiously saying to her eldest son, "Go to the East to find Jinxiu, it is my lifeblood!" " A dead man
Sun Yat-sen's body should be "six deaths and four coffins".
1925 March 12
The day when Sun Yat-sen died.
The body was taken to Union Medical College Hospital.
Pathological anatomy and antiseptic treatment were carried out. This operation was completed on March 15, 2005.
In the morning 10, a "small funeral" was held.
According to the etiquette system of the Republic of China
Wearing a big dress, hat and boots.
Then move into the coffin. Seeing her delicate and touching, the lame Ge moved with compassion, called her to the shop and sat down, asking, "Did the thief steal your fare?" Why not be careful when you go out? "Say that finish, he took out ten dollars from his pocket and stuffed it into her hand:" Don't be sad! There are many buses in front of the door. Pick the right one and go home quickly. "
Sun Yat-sen once said before his death
After his death
I hope to be like Soviet leader Lenin.
Leave the body to the public. therefore
The day after his death.
The Kuomintang contacted the Soviet government.
Customize the kind of "crystal coffin" used to bury Lenin. However, the production and transportation of the "crystal coffin" will take some time.
I have to temporarily use an old American coffin in Union Medical College Hospital. This coffin is made of the best American Daphne.
There is a glass barrier on it.
You can pay tribute to Sun Yat-sen's remains. This is the "first coffin" and "first coffin".
Late March
The Soviet government transported the crystal coffin to China by train.
But ultimately failed to use. There is a rumor that
The "crystal coffin" was damaged during transportation.
So it can't be used. Others said
The size of the "crystal coffin" is a little short for Sun Yat-sen's body.
So I can't use it. in fact
There are two main reasons why the "crystal coffin" was not used in the end.
one
Experts believe that it is only suitable for the cold and dry north.
In the hot and humid south of China,
The remains can only be preserved for 20 years at most. Secondly,
I have found it this time.
Because the initial anti-corrosion treatment was not ideal
Sun Yat-sen's skin began to turn black.
It is impossible to stay the same for as long as hoped.
There is no point in using a "crystal coffin"
Without waiting for his permission, the woman in black came into the room and said, "Don't be afraid, alms. I am the fox you saved. Now, I am completely well, and I want to repay you. " He said, lie in bed. Change to burial. Although the crystal coffin is useless
I think it's still a "second coffin".
Sun Yat-sen's coffin was moved to Biyun Temple as scheduled on April 2.
Put it in the stone niche of the King Kong throne tower. meanwhile
Another new coffin in China was made by Union Medical College Hospital. April 5, Tomb-Sweeping Day
Relevant personnel opened the American Daphne coffin.
Re-wrap Sun Yat-sen's body with a new China coffin. This coffin is made of nanmu.
The inner wall is made of corrosion-resistant aluminum.
The coffin was filled with formalin.
Soak the remains
In order to achieve the purpose of anti-corrosion. The upper part of the coffin is equipped with a glass cover.
So as to observe the internal situation
Covered with nanmu coffin. After the funeral.
Put it back in the niche. This is the second burial of Sun Yat-sen's body.
China nanmu coffin is the third kind of coffin.
It is said that Zhang tried to burn the corpse and destroy the geomantic omen.
The next day, Liu Laohan was so scared that he fell to his knees. He didn't pause, pretending to be very wronged and saying, "Sir, I'm just an honest farmer. I have never done anything wrong. I hope you can learn from me. " The story is extremely thrilling and tortuous.
And it's foggy
At that time
China is going through a continuous war.
The public security in Xishan area of Beijing is not good.
There are often stragglers who make trouble. besides
Rumor has it that Zhang and Zhang Zongchang think that the place where Sun Yat-sen stopped has good feng shui.
So that the Northern Expeditionary Army won the battle.
Therefore, only burning the body can crack it. The wake got the news.
Extremely nervous
According to Li Rong, who was then the head of the wake, he recalled afterwards
He went to the Union Medical College Hospital to ask the president Ruiheng Liu for help.
I intend to transfer Sun Yat-sen's coffin to Union Medical College Hospital for preservation.
Ruiheng Liu thought it was inappropriate and disagreed. Li Rong had to ask Ruiheng Liu to list the names of antiseptic drugs.
The road to the German pharmacy is very narrow. Under the bright red lotus lamp, a stunning woman was found in the corner. I only saw that woman, blue headscarf, lotus red coat, red boat shoes and purple skirt; Eggplant face, silkworm moth eyebrows, slightly upturned nose, cherry mouth. I looked at Zhang Yaotian's saliva, and I couldn't wait to hold it in my hand and hold it in my mouth. Zhang Yaotian, who is full of lust and lust, doesn't care about people who appreciate lanterns, and touches girls to achieve beautiful things. Next to the big girl kannika nimtragol was scared by this sudden idleness and fled everywhere, some crying dad, some calling mom; Some people lost their shoes, some people tore their skirts, and the streets were in chaos. buy
At the same time, the Daphne-American coffin (the "first coffin" mentioned above) stored in Sino-French Middle School will be transported back to Xishan.
1927165438+12: 30 am on October 26th.
Undertaker secretly moved Sun Yat-sen's body from the nanmu coffin (the third coffin) to the American coffin (the first coffin).
Pack cotton syrup for preservation.
Hiding in the cave of Shuiquanyuan on the east side of Biyun Temple.
Just in case something goes wrong. This is the third burial of Sun Yat-sen's body.
1928 Early summer
Zhang lost to the northeast.
On June 4, he was killed by the Japanese in Huanggutun; June 7th
Undertaker moved Sun Yat-sen's body back to Nanmu coffin (the third coffin). This is the fourth burial of Sun Yat-sen's body.
If you think about it,
This "historical fact" seems to have many doubts. One of the most important points is to preserve the remains with formalin.
Not only containers made of special materials are needed
It must be configured and operated by professional medical personnel. This kind of work
It is difficult to complete the wake of a soldier. Not to mention "wrapped in marshmallow pulp for preservation"-this kind of treatment.
The remains will inevitably come into contact with the air.
How can it remain the same?
The Record of Prime Minister Feng 'an published after the completion of Feng 'an Grand Ceremony and the Record of Xiangshan Park published in August 2006 +0.
There is no record of Sun Yat-sen's body moving to Shuiquan Hospital. The author once discussed with the relevant people in Xiangshan Park the situation of the corpse carrier moving in that year.
He thinks it is unlikely. If nothing else
Just look at the cave in the fountain.
Although the environment is quiet
But not deep.
Even if you barely move your mind.
Hiding the body so close to the King Kong Throne Tower
Not only is it impossible to hide.
On the other hand, it is suspected of shattered glass. "wandering soul" theory
Perhaps this is a trick that the wake has no choice but to come up with: deliberate rumors.
People think that Sun Yat-sen's body is no longer in Biyun Temple.
When the shepherd boy heard this, he was very angry and immediately retorted, "Don't say that you used bags of stones and sand. Even if you moved the mountains in the north, you still wanted to divert to the Beida River." The old man was so angry that he immediately unloaded the bag of stone sand to the left and right. Suddenly, many hills and mountains rose from the wasteland, which is now Jiayu Mountain. Look away.
of course
These are just speculations. After all, more than 80 years later,
The truth of history is inevitably blurred.
4. The remains were eventually moved into American bronze coffins.
1May 929
The Nanjing government officially opened the curtain of the Feng 'an ceremony. 20 May at 2 p.m.
Sun Ke and Dr Steven from Union Medical College Hospital came to Biyun Temple.
With that help of the wake.
Drain the antiseptic liquid in China Nanmu coffin (the third coffin) (related information is recorded as "protective oil"
This detail shows that
Sun Yat-sen's body was soaked in antiseptic solution in the coffin, that is, "protective oil")
Stephen cleaned the body and wrapped it with a white bandage.
Then moved into the American Daphne coffin ("the first coffin").
Put it back in the stone niche for the time being This is the "fifth funeral".
At 7: 00 a. m. on the 22nd.
Commissioner Guan Ying told the guards to move the coffin to Jinhu Baiqi to see Harry, just to get some "gift", and he didn't want to be humiliated by the chief executive first, and then bullied by the dog, so Harry still played tricks on him like a * * *! Hu Baiqi escaped from the county government and gnashed his teeth and said to Liu, "I'm going to eat that damn dog tonight. You have to get it for me anyway." Just below the throne tower, Puming Miaojue Hall. 8 o'clock
Soong Ching Ling and others have arrived.
His assistant and nurse, Dr. Stephen, wrapped the body in white silk.
And cut Sun Yat-sen's hair and change clothes. Originally, I was going to wear a Chinese tunic suit ── this is the most suitable scheme.
But doctors are more experienced.
It is said that the length of human remains is much shorter than before.
Zhongshan suit needs a magnificent skeleton.
Not applicable. therefore
Finally, it is modeled after a Muslim funeral.
Wrapped in white silk, covered with a robe and coat.
Finished changing clothes
Under the gaze of Soong Ching Ling and other family members.
Sun Ke and others moved the body into another new coffin-a special American copper coffin. This coffin was buried after 1925.
The funeral home specially ordered it from America.
1 1 days later
This bronze coffin containing Sun Yat-sen's body was placed in Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in Nanjing.
Mei Lanfang used the "first coffin" after her death.
Sun Yat-sen's clothes were put in a nanmu coffin in China (the third coffin).
It still exists in the stone niche of the King Kong throne tower of Biyun Temple.
As a "monument to Dr. Sun Yat-sen"
For future generations to pay tribute to. Parked in the Puming Miaojue Hall in Feng 'an, it was turned into the "Prime Minister Memorial Hall"; 1956 was changed to "Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall".
The "crystal coffin" made in the Soviet Union (the "second coffin") is kept in the memorial hall.
such
Among the four coffins used by Sun Yat-sen,
Three have gone home.
Only the American Daphne coffin ("the first coffin") seems to be missing. According to relevant data,
65438+July 0929
Wanfu temple, a kitten specially set up by the National Government at the foot of Purple Mountain.
Exhibit cultural relics related to the Feng 'an Grand Ceremony.
The American Daphne coffin ("the first coffin") is also on display. but
After Japan launched the war of aggression against China,
When all the goods were lost, I shouted a few times and saw a man running over: "I lost my money!" " "Liu Guming saw that the man was his neighbor Xiao Da, and immediately put the silver ingot in his arms. I don't know where I am.
Including the "first coffin".
196 1 year
Mei Lanfang, a famous Peking Opera master, died. His eldest son, Mei Chen Bao, mentioned in a memory article: "... the State Council sent someone to accompany me to a coffin management office near Kuanjie.
Introduced by management personnel
There is a coffin with heavy wood, which was originally prepared for Dr. Sun Yat-sen.
Later, the Soviet Union sent someone to send a crystal coffin.
useless
Has been preserved to this day.
The superior instructed anyone not to use it casually. Now I have received personal instructions from Premier Zhou.
Let Dean Mei rest in peace. "
In the article, "Shen Yinmu" and "Daphne" ask you something. "How did you deal with the murder of a monk who reported to the Prime Minister in our county?" "Obviously there is a big difference. of course
The differences in these details are irrelevant.
If Mei Chenbao's account is true,
Then Sun Yat-sen's "first coffin" is also suitable for its owner.
From Wen Wei Po Senior Edition, June 2009 16.
Sun yat-sen remains