China Historical War: Battle of Changjin Lake
China's Historical War: Battle of Changjin Lake
On the evening of November 27th, 195, 1, volunteers had been hidden in the vast mountains and jungles in northern, and the 2th army was located on the west side of Changjin Lake. The 27th Army is located in the north and northeast of Changjin Lake. The two armies respectively took the two regiments of the 1st Marine Division and the 31st Regimental Combat Team of the 7th Marine Division as the main targets, then besieged Xiajieli, and then launched a siege on a passage called "Long Pass" from Xiajieli to Xingnan.
On the night of November 27th, the northwest wind rolled cotton-ball-like snowflakes, which blinded people. The 1st Division of the US Marine Corps and the 7th Division of the US Infantry were marching along a mountain path, and the whole team formed a column, extending for 5 kilometers. An American army correspondent later said, "I always feel that someone is staring at us." This sentence is not wrong. They are indeed closely watched by volunteer soldiers who are hidden in the mountains. Earth-shattering bugles and shouts suddenly came from the mountains. Song Shilun and Tao Yong commanded the 2th and 27th armies to storm the US military, and 1, volunteers pounced on the US military with lightning speed. The US military was unprepared and encountered unexpected attacks. On the morning of the next day, the US 7th Division and the 1st Marine Division were divided into five parts by the 9th Corps. ?
on January 28th, the U.S. military tried to get through the cut-off positions throughout the day. Most of the time, the fully mechanized American troops can only advance at a speed of 5 meters per hour. During the intermission of the battle, an American journalist asked a marine who was digging broad beans from a frozen canned food with a bayonet: If God can meet one of your requirements, what do you need most? The soldier replied without looking up: Give me tomorrow.
On November 3th, the 27th Army concentrated two divisions and five regiments under the unified command of Zhan Danan, the vice commander of the 27th Army and the division commander of the 8th Division, and used all the artillery of the whole army to besiege the 31st Regiment of the 7th Division of the United States in Xinxing. The 31st Regiment of the 7th Division of the United States, which has a long history, was built during the First World War. It was nicknamed "Polar Bear Regiment" because it participated in the intervention in the Soviet Union and Russia. The flag of the regiment has a pattern of polar bears, which can be called a unit with strong combat effectiveness in the army. The blue flag of the regiment was seized by Zhang Jiqing, the squad leader of the Volunteer Army, and later became an exhibit in the Beijing Military Museum. This was the only glorious example in the Korean War in which the Volunteers wiped out a regiment of the US Army in an organized place, but at the same time, the 8th and 81st Divisions of the 27th Army also paid a huge price, with 1, casualties and non-combat attrition and 22% frostbite of the whole army. ?
On December 1st, when the 26th Army was 8km away from Hewali, the 1st Marine Division finally broke through the encirclement of the 2th Army of the Volunteers and began to retreat to the south. The headquarters of the 9 th Corps immediately ordered the surplus of the 2 th Army to pursue the 1 ST Marine Division, slow down their retreat, pester them, buy time for the 26 th Army, and create opportunities for the final annihilation of the 1 ST Marine Division.
On December 4th, the 5th Regiment and 7th Regiment of the 1st Marine Division in Liutanli finally retreated to Xiajieyu. It took them three days to walk the 22km, but they were intercepted by volunteers all the way, and they could only walk 3m in an hour on average, with more than 1,5 casualties on the 22km road. However, the volunteers also suffered heavy casualties. According to a historical document of the US military, "China people suffered heavy casualties in ground battles, air raids and cold weather. Without proper warm clothing, the combat effectiveness of the volunteers was severely weakened by the freezing and frostbite of a large number of soldiers. Most of the volunteers used up the ammunition they carried when crossing the river, and food was not available. " On December 5th, almond, commander of the 1th Army of the United States, ordered Smith, who was in Xiajiao, to "retreat to the Xianxing area as soon as possible." On the evening of that day, all the American artillery in Xiajiao began to bombard the mountains on both sides.
on the morning of 6th, the great retreat began. However, the US military did not forget to completely destroy the supply base in Xiajiaoli before fleeing. The U.S. military first exploded with explosives, then ran them over with bulldozers, and finally poured gasoline on the mountains of food, clothes and ammunition to burn them. Those volunteer soldiers who haven't eaten a few meals for more than 2 days on the hills a few kilometers away are very distressed to see a large number of supplies that are about to be destroyed.
The Watergate Bridge in the ancient soil is a suspended one-lane bridge on the water diversion pipeline of Changjin Lake. Under the bridge is an abyss. Once the Watergate Bridge is bombed, the American troops retreating to Xianxing can be said to have no way in heaven and no way in the ground.
The 2th Army bombed the bridge twice on December 1st and 4th, but it was repaired by American engineers every time. Volunteers simply blew up the bridge foundation. However, to the surprise of the volunteers, the US Air Force actually transferred eight sets of rutting bridge components weighing 1.1 tons from Japan to the US military position, and then set up a bridge with a load of 5 tons on the cliff in less than two days, which can retreat all the vehicles of the troops; America's strong national strength and well-trained troops' reaction ability were fully demonstrated in this retreat.
on the 12th, the 1st Marine Division finally joined the 3rd Infantry Division in Xianxing. The two divisions of the U.S. Army continued to retreat southward until they reached Xianxing City on the east coast. Along the way, although the rest of the 2 th Army continued to pursue, the main force of the 26 th Army never got to the battle. In the impression of American soldiers, they didn't get any strong blows at the end of the campaign.
On December 24th, 195, on Christmas Eve, Asian time, the 1th Army of the United States evacuated from Xingnan Port, and the volunteers occupied Xingnan the next day. The battle of Changjin Lake lasted for nearly one month, and the second campaign to resist US aggression and aid Korea was fought on the eastern front, which also ended the whole second campaign.
In September, 1952, the 9th Corps returned from North Korea and drove to the Yalu River. Commander Song Shilun asked the driver to stop, then stood silently in the direction of Changjin Lake for a long time, then took off his hat, bent down and bowed deeply. When he looked up, the guards found that the general was in tears and could not help himself. This sad scene is undoubtedly the best annotation to the tragic degree of this battle.
In this campaign, three armies of Chinese people's Volunteer Army's 9th Corps directly competed with the 1th Army of the US Army, which was world-class in weapons and equipment and had outstanding military achievements, from November 27th to December 24th, 195, creating a record of wiping out a whole regiment of the US Army in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, forcing the US ace troops to experience the longest retreat in history.
the vast eastern area north of the 38th parallel was recovered. The volunteers won a great victory on the east and west fronts at the same time, which reversed the battlefield situation in one fell swoop and became the turning point of the Korean War, laying the foundation for the final armistice negotiations. ?