Ten air crashes in China.

On February 25th,1.19461946 In Shanghai, due to poor visibility at night due to heavy fog, passenger planes No.48, China Airlines 140 and15 of the Central Air Transport Company crashed one after another, resulting in 74 deaths.

2.198865438+1October 18, China Southwest Airlines plane Il-18-222 crashed near Chongqing airport while performing a flight from Beijing to Chongqing, and 108 people were killed.

3.1989 August 15, China Eastern Airlines An 24 Hongqiao took off unexpectedly. In the process of taking off from the ground at Shanghai Airport, the right engine suddenly turned off. Crew: 8 crew members and 32 passengers, including 6 crew members, 28 passengers and 34 people killed.

4.199010/0 On 2 October, during the Beijing Asian Games, a Boeing 737 of Xiamen Airlines was hijacked after taking off from Xiamen to Guangzhou, and it successively crashed into a Boeing 707 and a Boeing 757 parked on the runway of Baiyun Airport, eventually causing 128 deaths.

5.65438+1July 3, 19921day, China General Airlines flight GP7552 and Jacques -42 plane 2755 ran off the runway and crashed about 600 meters away from the airport. 107 people died and 19 people were injured.

6.1992165438+1On October 24th, China Southern Airlines Boeing 737-2523 flew from Guangzhou to Guilin, disintegrated in the back hill of Xiangtuling Village, Di Yang, Yangshuo County, Guangxi, and 14 1 person was killed. This is the worst air crash in China's civil aviation history.

7.65438+1On July 23, 1993, China Northwest Airlines flight BAe 146 flew from Yinchuan to Beijing and crashed into a pond at Yinchuan airport, killing 54 people and injuring three crew members.

8.65438+1On June 6, 1994, China Northwest Airlines Tu-154 plane 26 10, carrying out the mission of An Guang Flight 2303, crashed in Du Ming Town, Chang 'an County, Shaanxi Province, killing 160 people.

9. On April 5, 2002, China International Airlines flight CA 129 crashed in Jinhai, Gyeongsangnam-do. Passengers on board 155, crew 1 1 person, confirmed death toll 122, 6 missing and 38 survivors.

10.2004165438+1October 2 1 day at 8: 021minute, the MU52 10 flight from Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, to Shanghai crashed into Nanhai Park Lake near the airport shortly after taking off. All 53 people on board, including 47 passengers and 6 crew members, were killed, as well as a ground park worker. The number of people killed in the "1 1.2 1" air crash was 55, including 53 on board and 2 on the ground.

Extended data

There are three forms of air crash: landing crash, take-off crash and high-altitude disintegration.

1. Landing crash

Coping method: stay calm and quickly escape from the wreckage.

Generally speaking, when the plane lands, its head will be slightly lower. At this point, the nose is most vulnerable to impact, and the tail is intact. In this case, the seat at the back is the safest. For example, in the previous Libyan air crash, the fuselage was completely shattered, and only the tail was basically intact. Some experts think that the surviving boys should sit in the back of the plane.

As long as there is no collision and explosion in the sitting position, passengers should stay away from the wreckage as soon as possible while keeping their heads calm, which has the greatest chance of survival.

2. Take off and crash

How to deal with it: Count the seats several rows away from the emergency exit.

The crash after take-off may be due to aircraft failure or bad weather. If there is a fault but there is no explosion and fire, all passengers on board may be rescued; If there is bad weather, especially if the airflow falls from the air to the ground, the plane will crash.

No matter what the reason is, passengers should observe where the emergency exit is before taking off, and try to count the number of seats between your row of seats and the row of seats at the exit, so that even if they can't see it, they can know that they have reached the emergency exit.

3. disintegration at high altitude

Solution: Be sure to fasten your seat belt in the air.

In case of disintegration at high altitude, no matter where you sit on the plane, there is little hope of survival. For example, in June 2009, Air France A330 broke up in the air, killing all 228 people on board.

Even if there is little chance of survival, fasten your seat belt in the air. Otherwise, the plane hasn't landed yet, and in the process of rolling in the air, passengers have been hit back and forth in the cabin and died.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-air crash

References:

People's Network-There are three forms of air crash: landing crash, take-off crash and high-altitude disintegration.

Sichuan 8633 co-pilot died.

"For me, Liu Duichang is the most important person besides my parents, who gave me a second life."

After hugging Captain Liu, Wang Wei, a passenger in the Sichuan Airlines 3U8633 incident, said with tears in his eyes.

On May 18, 14, during the cruise of Sichuan Airlines 3U8633, the front windshield suddenly broke, and the plane lost control and descended rapidly from an altitude of 10,000 meters. At this critical juncture, Liu Chuanjian turned the tide with strong willpower and excellent professional skills, making the plane safely prepare for landing at Chengdu Shuangliu Airport.

He was sentenced to 5 million afterwards.

As we all know, the survival rate of people after plane crash is extremely low. However, captain Liu Chuanjian was not afraid of danger, and it took only 34 minutes to safely bring 128 passengers and crew back to the ground, which can be described as a world-class miracle.

So how did this miracle of life and death come true? What is its significance?

A gruesome air crash

On May 2018 14, Chongqing was a sunny day.

At 7 o'clock in the morning, Sichuan Airlines flight 3U8633 has left Chongqing Jiangbei Airport for about half an hour and entered the cruise phase. Below the plane is the western Sichuan Plateau, a snow-covered mountain area.

This flight is a plateau route from Chongqing to Lhasa. The land is over 2438 meters above sea level, with low air density and atmospheric pressure, complex terrain, changeable weather and high requirements.

However, Liu Chuanjian has flown over 100 times on this line, and he is already familiar with the route, terrain and operation.

The passengers on the plane are also in a good mood. On the one hand, they can enjoy the beautiful scenery of Lhasa immediately. On the other hand, Sichuan Airlines' airplane meals are notoriously delicious. Now it's time for the flight attendants to distribute the plane meals.

The dining car was pushed to the center of the aisle, and a stewardess was preparing the pre-meal service. At this time, there was a loud noise ahead, followed by the violent shaking of the plane, the cabin lights suddenly went out, the oxygen masks fell off one after another, and the harsh roar, cries and screams became one.

At that time, the dining car fell down, drinks and meals spilled all over the floor, and the flight attendant who delivered the food was knocked down by the dining car. Due to the sudden weightlessness of the plane, another stewardess was thrown out. Fortunately, she grabbed the back of the chair in a hurry and was not thrown on the inner wall of the cabin.

It happened in a flash. Luo Tian, a passenger from Xichang, Sichuan, fastened his seat belt and sat in his seat. Seeing all this, his heart sank with a plop: "It's over."

All the passengers were frightened and looked at each other, not knowing what to do. At this time, in the messy and dark engine room, there was a flight attendant's calm and gentle voice:

"Please sit in the original position and put on an oxygen mask. Please believe us. We have the confidence and ability to take you to the ground. "

The stewardess's words relieved the passengers in the cabin a little.

With the guidance and help of flight attendants, passengers put on oxygen masks one after another, but some passengers were convulsed by extreme panic. Even though the flight attendants were terrified, they still maintained their superb professionalism and patted the passengers on the back to appease the frightened passengers.

After confirming the cabin situation, the second pilot rushed to the cockpit and was surprised to find that the front windshield was broken and the co-pilot was half hung outside the plane. Under the strong wind, all the instrument panels in the whole cockpit failed, the cabin lost pressure and the temperature plummeted.

Fortunately, captain Liu Chuanjian was wearing a seat belt, still sitting firmly in the driver's seat, calmly operating the plane manually, and preparing to turn around and return to Chengdu.

At this time, Liu Chuanjian was too late to be afraid. Time is life. The only belief in his heart is to control the state of the plane.

In many crashes in the past, the plane was in a vertical state when it crashed, which was obviously completely out of control. Therefore, whether the aircraft's state confrontation time can be controlled in time can be said to determine the life and death of the whole aircraft.

After stabilizing the state of the plane, with the assistance of the second pilot, Liu Chuanjian made an emergency descent twice, once from an emergency descent altitude of about 9,800 meters, once from an altitude of more than 7,000 meters, and landed after flying out of the mountains.

The plane experienced a thrilling standby for 34 minutes. When it finally landed, the crew took a long breath, calmed down a little, stood in the cabin with dignity, and broadcast the report to all passengers in a calm voice:

"Ladies and gentlemen, I am the flight attendant of this flight, and we are safe."

As soon as the voice fell, the whole cabin rang with prolonged applause and cheers. Many passengers who survived the robbery had already prepared for the worst, but now they miraculously returned to the ground safely, and they couldn't help but have mixed feelings, hugging their relatives and friends and crying.

Captain hero

Although the forced landing time was only 34 minutes, during this time, everyone on the flight passed by death countless times. Some experts have analyzed that 36 of the operations performed by Captain Liu Chuanjian were very thrilling, and even one mistake would have terrible consequences.

First of all, Liu Chuanjian found it important to have a keen reaction when the windshield was broken. Without any hesitation and delay, he immediately touched the crack with his hand and judged that the inner layer of the windshield was damaged.

Aircraft windshield is divided into three layers, and the damage of the inner layer means that the carrying capacity of the aircraft is weakened.

Generally speaking, after the inner glass is broken, the middle and outer glass can still resist the pressure difference of the aircraft. But at that time, the plane was at an altitude of 9800 meters, which put a lot of pressure on the windshield. For the sake of prudence, Liu Chuanjian immediately connected the air traffic control, applied for altitude, and prepared to descend to Chengdu.

Chengdu Shuangliu Airport is the nearest alternate location. At that time, the plane was from Chengdu 100 to 150 kilometers, with a speed of 800 kilometers per hour. Calculated, it will take about ten minutes to fly near Chengdu.

However, to Liu Chuanjian's surprise, just after he finished speaking here, he heard a deafening noise. When he opened his eyes again, the dashboard was completely out of order and there was a big hole in the front windshield. The co-pilot was sucked out because of the huge pressure difference between inside and outside the plane. Liu Chuanjian subconsciously wanted to pull him, but the wind was too strong to pull him up.

Fortunately, the co-pilot is still wearing a seat belt on his leg, and there is no danger to his life for the time being. After more than 20 seconds, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the plane disappeared and the co-pilot was blown back by strong wind.

The situation is critical, the plane is out of balance and the inclination is over 50 degrees. Liu Chuanjian had no time to think about it, but concentrated on manually controlling the aircraft, trying to get rid of the altitude while stabilizing the attitude of the aircraft.

Below the plane is a mountain peak with an altitude of 5000 to 6000 meters. Therefore, it is necessary to keep a safe distance of at least 600 meters from the top of the plane and not to descend too much, otherwise there is a danger of hitting the mountain.

To this end, Liu Chuanjian decided to let the plane drop to more than 7,000 meters, but another question immediately appeared, whether the plane should use high speed or low speed.

Using high speed, the plane can descend quickly, saving time. However, the strong wind brought by 800 kilometers per hour is likely to cause damage to the engine room and even the tail, resulting in more serious consequences.

Liu Chuanjian finally chose to reduce the speed to a level that his body could bear. Five minutes later, the plane descended to more than 7,000 meters while maintaining a relatively stable posture.

In this crucial five minutes, Liu Chuanjian experienced extreme conditions beyond ordinary people's imagination.

The air pressure at a height of 10,000 meters is about 30 kPa, and the oxygen content is only 30% of the sea level. Under normal circumstances, when the plane flies to 3000 meters, the cabin needs to be pressurized to ensure the normal breathing of the people on board.

At an altitude of 9800 meters, the windshield of the plane broke a big hole, which means that the temperature in the cockpit will drop to MINUS 40 degrees, and there will be pressure loss in the cabin.

Once the cabin loses pressure, people will find it difficult to breathe, the eardrum will be damaged, the nose will bleed due to lack of oxygen, and in severe cases, blood vessels and organs will rupture.

In order to cope with the high altitude hypoxia caused by faults, planes are usually equipped with oxygen masks. However, due to the strong wind brought by high speed, Liu Chuanjian could not wear an oxygen mask at all.

Generally speaking, when the plane loses pressure and lacks oxygen for more than 45 seconds, it will make people faint.

It's hard to imagine how difficult it is to fly a plane manually and make one action after another to decide the lives of 128 people on board.

However, Liu Chuanjian did it. He is not only physically disabled, but also very sober. When he got up afterwards, he even clearly remembered his every operation, which was inseparable from his air force experience.

Liu Chuanjian used to be a fighter pilot. He received extremely strict training in the air force. He got up at 5 o'clock in the morning in winter and ran outside in the weather of MINUS 20 degrees 10000 meters. This is normal for him.

It is this hard extreme training in the army that has exercised his indomitable willpower and strong physique, so that he can persist in the low temperature and hypoxia environment of MINUS 40 degrees.

In addition to physical and psychological qualities, flying soldiers also exercised Liu Chuanjian's flexibility.

Civil aviation pilots are highly automated, and the goal of flight training is safety and comfort, while fighter pilots are different. The planes they fly are basically operated manually, and with strict training on weekdays, they have mastered all kinds of difficult and high-risk stunts, so they have more flexible operating experience in dealing with extreme special situations.

To some extent, this world-class feat in aviation history benefited from the hard training of Captain Liu Chuanjian in the Air Force for many years.

At 7: 42, the flight landed safely, but the captain Liu Chuanjian, the co-pilot and the co-pilot were silent, as if their throats were blocked by something and they could not say a word. I don't know how long, Liu Chuanjian took the lead in breaking the silence:

"We are still alive."

As soon as the voice fell, the three pilots embraced in the cockpit.

It is of great significance to be prepared for success.

On May 4th, 20 18, captain Liu Chuanjian avoided the crash of Sichuan Airlines 3U8863 with his precise operation and excellent physical and mental quality, which is of great significance to China civil aviation.

After the plane crash, the aviation stock market bears the brunt and will soon suffer huge shocks.

For example, the flight MU5735 of China Eastern Airlines, the second day after the crash, led the industry sector when the airport opened, with the sector index falling by 2.94% and China Eastern Airlines almost falling by 9%. China Eastern Airlines is listed on new york Stock Exchange, Hongkong Stock Exchange and Shanghai Stock Exchange. Within two days after the plane crash, its market value evaporated by more than 1000 billion yuan.

Secondly, in terms of compensation, according to the law, the airline's liability limit for each passenger after the plane crash is 400,000 yuan, but in many cases, the actual compensation amount will far exceed this category.

For example, in the famous Yichun air crash on 20 10, Henan Airlines paid 960,000 RMB for each passenger killed.

Although the amount of compensation is huge, it is the passengers' trust in the airlines that will really hit the airlines, and some airlines will even go bankrupt because of the air crash.

After the Yichun air crash, on 20 1 165438, the creditor Xi Xianyang International Airport Co., Ltd. applied to the court for ruling that Hehang went bankrupt and paid off its debts.

At that time, the book value of the bankrupt property of Henan Airlines was 371257,200 yuan, and the assessed value was 355,002,300 yuan. The total liabilities are 66,954,38+0,208,438+0 yuan, which has been severely insolvent.

There are many similar cases in the world.

1On September 2, 1998, a MD-1passenger plane of Swissair disintegrated in the sea near Halifax airport in Canada, killing all 229 people on board. The air crash dealt a great blow to Swissair, which declared bankruptcy 5438+0 in June 2006.

On September/KOOC-0/day/KOOC-0/day, 2006, United Airlines/KOOC-0/75 and Flight 93 became two of the four planes hijacked in the 9/KOOC-0//KOOC-0/terrorist attack. Since then, United Airlines has been operating in difficulties. One year later, United Airlines filed for bankruptcy protection.

1985, when JAL JL 123 took off from Tokyo for osaka, all 520 people on board were killed, which caused a devastating blow to JAL's operation. 20 10, JAL filed for bankruptcy protection.

It can be seen that if Sichuan Airlines 3U8633 really crashes in 2065438+2008, the airline may face immeasurable economic losses.

In addition to economic significance, the most important thing is the life of 128 people on board. After such a moment of life and death, their lives and outlook on life will be affected to some extent.

There is a young couple on flight 3U8633 in Sichuan. They were going to see the starry sky in Namco, but they had an accident on the plane. When the accident happened, the boy held the girl tightly and kept comforting her: "Don't be afraid when I am here."

Misfortune tests the sincerity of friends. It is at this critical moment that the feelings revealed between people are the most precious and touching.

After getting out of danger, the couple were interviewed. Both of them said with emotion that after the experience of the same death, their feelings were indeed more stable and they cherished the beautiful life now.

This incident also had a great influence on Liu Chuanjian. On the one hand, he won an unprecedented honor and became the person who moved China on 20 18. After the incident, from June 2065438 to June 2008 1 1, Liu Chuanjian successfully passed all the physical examinations and assessments of the airline, and his body and mind recovered to a good state.

After this incident, Liu Chuanjian had a deeper understanding of life.

On a certain program, he seriously shared with the audience: "Before the 5 14 incident, I didn't think life was so impermanent, but after that, I felt that people lived to have everything, and the meaning of life was to let others feel your existence."

Perhaps only at the moment when life is about to die can people truly understand the value of life. After every minute of safe life, every breath, the air is so wonderful.

Liu Chuanjian is not only the receiver of life, but also the savior of life, so his perception, responsibility and persistence will be several times more than others.

postscript

Touched by the award speech given to Liu Chuanjian by the China Organizing Committee, he wrote:

"The more awake you are when the instrument fails, the higher the passenger's heart hangs and the heavier the responsibility on his shoulders. So calm in the10,000-meter danger, don't ask how this is done. There is persistence and persistence behind every legend. "

This once-in-a-lifetime legend did not happen suddenly, but has been brewing in Liu Chuanjian's flight experience for more than 20 years.

Whether in flight training with a elimination rate as high as 70% or at an altitude of 10,000 meters with bad conditions, Liu Chuanjian never thought of retreating, but bravely assumed his own responsibility and made every effort to turn the tide.

It is precisely because of this spirit of never giving up until the last moment that the legend of that day came into being.

I believe that both Liu Chuanjian and his legend will become excellent models in the aviation history of China and even the world, inspiring and guiding countless future generations.

References:

Huaxia Times "The crashed plane of China Eastern Airlines is underwritten by China People's Insurance Co., Ltd., what compensation will passengers receive?" 》

People's Daily "The pilot of Sichuan Airlines made a forced landing: the co-pilot flew out half of his body and hung out of the window"

The newspaper "Civil Aviation Administration informed Sichuan Airlines that the right windshield that fell off was original".

Red Star News "The investigation report of the windshield burst incident in the cockpit of Sichuan Airlines was released, and the most likely reason was announced"

West China Daily's "Sichuan Airlines Alternate Event Life and Death 2400 Seconds"

HowNet: Liu Chuanjian _ "Captain China" is an ordinary person who loves his wife and daughter. Yichun air crash: each passenger killed in the accident paid a total of 960,000 yuan. Lin's "Air crash affects passenger safety expectations _ our reporter"

1937 ghost plane incident

The top ten ghost plane events are as follows:

1. Sleeping driver

There was a similar air crash before Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, which was Air France Flight 447. In June 2009, this Airbus A330-200 plane, carrying 2 16 passengers and 12 crew members, disappeared into the Atlantic Ocean.

2. Ghost plane

This air crash may be one of the most terrible accidents in aviation history. In August 2005, Helios Flight 522 was carrying out a short-distance flight from Cyprus to Greece. The plane deviated slightly from its original route in flight. At that time, 19 radio called the plane to ask for an explanation, but none of them got a response.

3. The stolen plane

In May 2003, a plane of Florida Leasing Company was being overhauled in Rwanda. Suddenly, the plane rushed off the runway and flew southwest without the permission of the tower. All the lights on the plane were turned off and there was no signal.

4. Mechanical failure

This air crash is controversial all over the world. 1999101October 30th, EgyptAir Flight 990 took off from JFK Airport in new york and flew to Cairo. There are 2 17 people on board. The captain is senior pilot Ahmed Al Habasi, and the co-pilot is Elbatudi who has many years of flying experience.

5. The Lost Art

1979 a Boeing 707 cargo plane took off from narita airport in Japan. The plane carried 153 precious works by Japanese-Brazilian artist Ma Buxue. The plane was originally planned to fly to Rio de Janeiro after stopping in Los Angeles, but the plane disappeared mysteriously.

6. War dead who have never been to Vietnam

1In March, 962, Flying Tiger Flight 739, carrying 93 US military advisers, 3 South Vietnamese officials and 1 1 crew, disappeared between Guam and the Philippine Islands on the way to Vietnam. Although witnesses claimed to have seen condensation marks and explosions in the sky on the night of the plane's disappearance, the wreckage of the plane has not been found until today.

7. The missing hydrogen bomb

1958 during a routine training mission, a bomber suddenly collided with a fighter plane in the air, and there was no signal of the bomber on the radar of the fighter plane at that time. The left wing of the fighter plane was completely broken and the bomber's fuel tank was seriously damaged.

This is an alien ship.

1948, Air Force Captain thomas mann Mantel and several other pilots flew a P5 1 fighter from Fort Knox Air Force Base to track a circular flying object moving westward at high speed. When the UFO flew to an altitude of 6800 meters, other pilots stopped chasing and returned safely. But captain mantel continued to track the flying object, and finally the plane crashed in Kentucky.

9. What does Stendike mean?

1947 In August, a British Airways plane carrying 1 1 passengers suddenly disappeared a few minutes before landing on the flight from Buenos Aires to Santiago, Chile.

10, Amelia Earhart mysteriously disappeared.

1937 amelia earhart, a famous female pilot, is preparing to become the first female pilot to fly around the world. The whole voyage is as long as 46,000 kilometers. On July 2nd of that year, she had only one last flight 10 1000 km.

Top ten air crashes in the world

1977 On March 27th, a Dutch Boeing 747 and an American Boeing 747 collided on the runway of an airport in Spain, killing 583 people. On August 6.5438+0985 12, a Japanese Boeing 747 crashed into a mountain in Japan, killing 520 people. 3.1996165438+1October 12, a Boeing 747 from Saudi Arabia collided with an Il -76 cargo plane from Kazakhstan over India, killing 349 people. 1974 On March 3, a Turkish DC- 10 passenger plane suddenly opened the cargo door and crashed in France, killing 346 people. 1On June 23rd, 985, an Indian Boeing 747 crashed after a bomb exploded in the sea off Ireland, killing 329 people. 1On August 9, 980, the cargo hold of a Saudi Lockheed L11passenger plane caught fire and made an emergency landing at the Saudi airport. However, due to equipment failure, the hatch could not be opened for a long time, resulting in the death of 30 1 person. 1On July 3rd, 988, a US navy warship shot down an Iranian Airbus A300, killing 290 people. The United States said that the warship misjudged the passenger plane as a fighter plane. On February 19, 2003, an Iranian Il -76 military transport plane crashed on a mountain in Iran, killing 275 people. 1979 On May 25th, an American DC- 10 passenger plane crashed after taking off, killing 275 people. ⒑ 1 983 September1day, a Boeing 747 from South Korea turned into Soviet territory while flying over the restricted area, and was shot down by the Soviet Air Force, killing 269 people. In fact, there is no selection standard for this. The one with the largest number of victims was 1977 when two 747 planes collided, also known as the Tenerife air crash. Recently, there was a plane crash between the Polish President and Libya. The domestic impact was the 5.8 China Southern Airlines air crash, which disintegrated when the plane landed for the second time. Air China 4. 15 hit the mountain. China Eastern Airlines Baotou air crash, crashed after take-off. Another 767 plane landed in Hong Kong and crashed into the sea.

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